关节

Radiological changes are characteristic and include narrowing of the joint line, cysts, and periarticular osteoporosis.

影像学的改变是特征性的，包括关节间隙的狭窄、囊肿和小关节的骨质疏松症。

Periarticular neural elements in the shoulder joint.

在关节周围神经元素的肩膀关节。

Use of image intensification can be used to check coronal plane alignment of the temporary fixation k-wire or first periarticular screw before final fixation of the articular portion is conducted.

影像增强器应用能够核对克氏针临时固定的冠状面对线，或在最终固定关节部分之前的首枚关节周围螺钉的确定。

The propensities for meta physeal and periarticular regions to sustain extensively comminuted fractures also make them ideal for locked plating especially in situations where the fracture is very close to or involves the joint.

干骺端和关节周围区域易于形成广泛粉碎性骨折，这也使得它们成为锁定钢板的绝佳适应症，特别是骨折靠近或涉及关节内时。

METHODS: A total of 140 subjects with bilateral knee OA were randomized sequentially into 4 groups (groups I-IV). Group I received isokinetic exercises; group II received isokinetic exercise and pulse ultrasound for periarticular soft tissue pain; group III received isokinetic exercise, pulse ultrasound, and intraarticular hyaluronan therapy; and group IV acted as the control group.

140名患有双侧膝骨关节炎的患者（Altman分级II级）被连续地随机分配到4个组。I组进行等速运动；II组进行等速运动，同时，伴关节周围软组织痛的患者接受脉冲超声治疗；III组进行等速运动联合脉冲超声及关节内透明质酸治疗；IV组为对照组。

The treatment of phalangeal fractures is mainly based on the traditional internal fixation with Kirschner pins,while the management of joint destruction relies mainly on the joint arthrodesis,which lacks following recovery treatment.

对于指骨骨折治疗以传统的克氏针内固定手术为主，关节破坏治疗以关节融合为主，术后缺乏后续康复治疗。

The aim of the study is to improve the outcomes of shoulder abduction by accessory nerve transfer from the following two aspects:① Select the best choice of recipient nerve;②Design a dorsal-approach spinal accessory nerve transfer, more effevtively use the pinal accessory nerve.

本课题研究旨在从以下两个方面：①选择副神经移位恢复肩关节外展功能的最佳受区神经，②设计新的后入路副神经移位术式；提高副神经的利用效率，改善术后患者肩关节外展功能的恢复。

Many researches show that organism activity gene plays an important role in regulating the mechanism of injury and plerosis of articular cartilage.

它是第一个被确认对关节软骨具有自分泌调节作用的生长因子，在关节软骨中的作用有：(1)刺激细胞分裂增殖。

Both Fas and NO can lead chondrocyte apoptosis respectively and cause articular cartilage destruction. IGF-Ⅰ, TGF-β, bFGF, BMP and other growth factors are polypeptide agents that can influence cell activity by signal convection. They can accelerate chondrocyte proliferation and proteoglycan synthesis, play the local regulation action on formation and plerosis of bone and cartilage tissue by autocrine or paracrine. They have the ability to induce cartilage formation. Some investigations showed that growth factors can influence chondrocyte metabolism, synthesis of specific Ⅱ type collagen and proteoglycan by co-operation and inhibition. 1. 3 Situation of OA therapeutics The therapeutic methods of OA mainly comprised non-drug treatment, drug treatment, operation treatment, tissue and genetic engineering, et al. Drug treatment is the chief method among them.

若其活性发生改变，则将导致关节软骨基质成分的丢失和进行性破坏；软骨细胞凋亡与OA的发病密切相关，Fas与NO可各自独立介导软骨细胞凋亡，造成关节软骨破坏；IGF-Ⅰ、TGF-β、bFGF、BMP等生长因子是一组通过细胞间信号传递影响细胞活动的多肽因子，具有促进细胞生长、增殖与合成等作用，可通过自分泌或旁分泌方式对骨和软骨的形成和修复起局部调节作用，可促进软骨细胞增殖、分化与蛋白多糖的合成，具有较强的诱导软骨形成的能力，研究表明多种生长因子相互促进、相互抑制，以协同或拮抗方式影响软骨细胞代谢，影响软骨细胞特异性Ⅱ型胶原和蛋白多糖的合成分泌。

The result showed: The positive rate in systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was much higher than polyarticular and pauciarticular JRA, which was 59.3%,28.6%, 9.1% respectively.

结果表明：幼年类风湿关节炎病人全身型该抗体的阳性率要明显高于多关节型和少关节型，分别为59.3％，28.6％，9.1％。

What would he tell Judith and the children?

他将怎样告诉朱迪丝和孩子们呢？

I this is at that time, the opinion with peacockish true girl is full of in a heart.

这就是当时的我，一个心中布满虚荣的女孩子真实的想法。