关节

Numerical analysis methods for articular cartilage of biphasic porous medium model are very important for the research of articular cartilage as well as entire diarthrodial joints.

关节软骨两相多孔介质模型数值分析方法是研究关节软骨和整个动关节力学行为的重要手段。

Abnormal laboratory tests were not found in all patients. X-ray showed soft tissue swelling at involved joints in all patients and MRI showed pachyderma in 1 patients. Epiderm hyperkeratosis and subcuticula fibroplasias were found at PIP 5 joints in 1 patient.

实验室检查未发现异常；6例双手X线检查均见受累关节周围软组织肿胀；1例左手核磁共振成像见：近端指间关节周围软组织增厚；1例左手第5PIP关节膨大处软组织活检见：表皮过度角化，真皮层纤维组织增生。

Purpose To observe the difference of the different sequences and optimize scanning for articular cartilage.Materials and MethodsThree normal cadaver\' s wrists were examined with GE SIGNA EXITEⅡ3.0T MR scanner.SE T1WI、SE T2WI、PDWI、FS PDWIand 3D-FSPGR sequence were obtained with different flip and TE.

第一部分探讨3.0T磁共振腕关节软骨多序列成像的特点目的：观察不同扫描序列及参数对腕关节软骨成像质量的影响，优化获取3D-FSPGR(three dimension fat saturation spoiled gradient echo)序列最佳关节软骨扫描参数。

Many papers about intra-articular pressure within joints such as knee joint, glenohumeral joint and others in body could be found in the literature, but less about tempromandibular joint .

关节内压力在膝、肩等身体大关节有比较多的开展和深入研究，但是在颞下颌关节较少。

Result and Discussion: Participant with shoulder pain had significantly decreased acuity than that in participant without shoulder pain, especially internal rotation and horizontal abduction in glenohumeral joint.

结果与讨论：结果显示肩痛者比无肩痛者在肩胛胸廓、肩盂、以及胸锁三个关节都有著较高的三维变异误差，代表受伤组织使得肩部各关节在整体动作中的准确性皆下降，尤其在肩盂关节两者的差异最大。

Hemarthrosis was found in the most of the joints in the early stage.

中后期（2w-3m），关节腔内可见关节渗出液，关节盘破坏、畸形以及髁突表面软骨破坏。

METHODS From January 1998 to February 2001, 4 ml of sodium hyaluronate injection was injected into the knee joint of the 134 cases at the end of arthroscope operation, or the 91 cases undergoing open operation of the knee at the time when the drain tube was removed. Five days after operation, the hydrarthrosis was removed and 2 ml of sodium hyaluronate was injected into the knee joint. According to the patient's condition, injection of sodium hyaluronate was performed once a week for several weeks. Clinical evaluation was made by evaluating pain visual analog scale and painless range of movement of the joint at every definite point of time.

1998年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 2月，对关节镜手术 134例于手术结束时，以及膝关节开放手术 91例于术后 2 4小时拔引流管时，分别在关节腔内注射透明质酸钠 4ml ；术后第 5天抽出关节积液，再注入透明质酸钠注射液 2 ml；每周 1次，连续 5周为一个疗程，根据病情注射1～ 2个疗程，观察各时间点疼痛 VAS评分和达到最大无痛活动度的时间。

Objective Creating a 3D finite element model of a full pelvis with sacroiliac joint fracture. Comparing the biomechanical properties of the model where the fracture part was fixated by using a new sacroliliac anatomy type Bar-plate internal fixation system to iliosacral screw fixation and front reconstruction plate fixation.

目的 建立使用新型的骶髂关节解剖型棒-板内固定系统对骶髂关节骨折脱位进行固定的三维有限元模型，并与骶髂关节螺钉、和前路重建钢板固定进行对比，验证和分析其力学性能。

In addition to two l-z joints, the medial branches also innervate the multifidus muscle, the interspinous muscle and ligament, and the periosteum of the neural arch.7,28–30 The L5 nerve differs in that it is the dorsal ramus itself that runs along the junction of the sacral ala and superior articular process of the sacrum.29,31 Its medial branch arises opposite the inferolateral corner of the base of the lowest facet joint.

除了l-z关节以外，内侧支还支配多裂肌，棘间肌和韧带以及椎弓处的骨膜。L5神经有所不同，其背侧支本身走行于髂骨翼和髂骨的上关节突。其内侧支在最低关节囊的基底部下外侧角的对面发出。

Isolated rotatory dislocation is very rare in adults.11–13 Few cases of AARFs have been reported in adults, perhaps because the cause may often be a severe trauma associated with lethal injuries.3,4,12,14 –19 The mechanisms underlying persistent displacement in traumatic AARF include infolding of the synovial folds into the C1–C2 joints, muscle spasm, subsequent ligamentous contracture, articular cartilage damage, or facet fracture.1,11

离体旋转脱位在成人也很少见[11-13]。关于成人AARF病例的报道甚少，可能与严重创伤通常与高致死性损害相关[3，4，12，14 –19]。创伤性AARF持续移位的主要原因包括滑膜襞内折入C1-C2关节、肌肉痉挛、继发韧带孪缩、关节软件损伤或关节突骨折[1，11]。

The reasons of iron ions content overproof in grade Ⅱ desalting water system,such as variation water quality,contamination of regenerant , operation adjustment of pretreatment system and switching operation of bed were discussed.

对二级脱盐水系统中铁离子含量超标的原因，如来水水质发生波动、再生剂受到污染、预处理系统操作调整、床体运行切换等进行了论述。

You were hired to drum up new business, so go and do it.

公司雇你招徕新业务，你就做你的事好了。