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Specific instances of the conduct of a witness, for the purpose of attacking or supporting the witness' character for truthfulness, other than conviction of crime as provided in rule 609, may not be proved by extrinsic evidence They may, however, in the discretion of the court, if probative of truthfulness or untruthfulness, be inquired into on cross-examination of the witness (1) concerning the witness' character for truthfulness or untruthfulness, or (2) concerning the character for truthfulness or untruthfulness of another witness as to which character the witness being cross-examined has testified.

出于攻击或支持证人可靠性的目的，除规则609所规定的定罪判决外，关于证人行为的具体实例不得以外在证据予以证明。但若是为了证明证人可信或不可信，则根据法庭的自由裁量，可以通过对该证人交叉盘问以下两方面事项，予以调查关于证人行为的具体实例：(1)关于该证人可信与不可信的品格，以及(2)关于其他证人可信与不可信的品格，后者的品格在对该证人交叉盘问时曾得到证实。

Under the assumptionthat the covariant derivative of the sections satisfies the Lipschitz condition with L-averagealong the piecewise geodesic, a unified convergence criterion for Newton\'s method and theradii of the uniqueness balls of singular points around the initial points of sections are es-tablished.

本章的主要内容包括以下两个方面：当截面的协变导数满足沿着分段测地线的关于取正值非减可积函数L-平均的Lipschitz条件条件时，本文给出了关于截面的Newton法收敛的统一判据，同时给出了在初始点附近的关于截面的奇异点的唯一性球的半径的估计。

His exposition can be summarized as two major aspects: on the theory of social action and on the social systems theory, the analysis of both the main line is the principle of duality of structure and methods.

他的论述可以概括为两大方面：关于社会行动的理论和关于社会制度的理论，这两方面分析的主线都是结构二重性的原则和方法。

The dramatist and musical characters and the perfect combine between music and drama are the purports. The thesis is divided into three parts: the preface, four chapters and the conclusion. In the preface it is explained that what in this thesis is expounded and what kinds of study about the opera there are in Chinese and in the other area of the world. The first chapter is a summary about Gounod and his"Faust", which is the typical work in lyric operas. In the second chapter analysis on drama, the character and figures of the roles in the opera is made, and the characteristic of the plot ,the creation of opera and framework is put together. In the third chapter the music in the opera is studied, and the characteristics are put together on the base of particular analysis on typical passage of aria chorus ensemble. In the last chapter, perfect combine between drama and music is presented by study on Faust's character and psychology,and it is discussed that music implied the plot. And the conclusion is a whole comment of the opera and it's musical characteristics

更多论述。全文由引言、四个章节、结论等几个部分组成：引言是关于论文的选题、国内外研究现状的陈述，指明笔者选题的意义以及国内外学者对此课题的研究程度；第一章是对抒情歌剧作曲家古诺以及抒情歌剧的典范之作《浮士德》的一个总体上的概述；第二章从人物性格与戏剧情节、戏剧结构、戏剧创作等方面对歌剧《浮士德》进行分析，归纳其戏剧特点；第三章是对歌剧《浮士德》音乐特点的研究，通过对咏叹调类、重唱类、合唱类唱段中有代表性唱段的具体分析，总结其在音乐创作方面的主要特点；第四章从音乐刻画人物的性格与心理、音乐暗示戏剧情节的发展等方面，论述了歌剧《浮士德》在戏剧与音乐方面的完美结合；结论是对歌剧《浮士德》的整体论析。

Based on the outcome of Xu Yang and Qin Keyun about lattice implication algebra and lattice-valued prepositional logic LP with truth-value in a lattice implication algebra, the author studied the properties of lattice implication algebra and the α-automated reasoning method based on α-resolution principle of LP. The specific contents are as follows: The Study of Lattice Implication Algebra On the basis of previous results of lattice implication algebra, this part consists of the following three points: 1. Some properties of lattice implication algebra L were discussed, and some important results were given if L was a complete lattice implication algebra. 2. The properties of left idempotent elements of lattice implication algebras were discussed, and the conclusion that lattice implication algebra L was equals of the directed sum of the range and dual kernel of a left map constructed by a left idempotent element was proved. 3. The properties of the filters of lattice implication algebra were discussed, the theorem was shown that they satisfy the hypothetical syllogism and substitute theorem of the propositional logic. 4. The concept of weak niters of lattice implication algebras and their properties and structures are discussed. It is proved that all weak filters of a lattice implication algebra form a topology and the the implication isomorphism betweem two lattice implication algebras is a topological mapping between their topological spaces. The Study of α-automated reasoning method based on the lattice-valued propositional logic LP In this part, the author given an a-automated reasoning method based on the lattice-valued propositional logic LP.

本文基于徐扬和秦克云的关于格蕴涵代数和以格蕴涵代数为真值域的格值命题逻辑系统LP的研究工作，对格蕴涵代数以及格值命题逻辑系统LP中基于α-归结原理的自动推理方法进行了系统深入的研究，主要有以下两方面的研究成果：一、关于格蕴涵代数的研究 1、对格蕴涵代数的格论性质进行了研究，得到了当L为完备格蕴涵代数时，关于∨，∧，→运算的一些结果； 2、对格蕴涵代数的左幂等元进行了研究，证明了格蕴涵代数L可以分解为任何一个左幂等元所对应的左映射的像集合与其对偶核的直和； 3、对格蕴涵代数的滤子的性质进行了研究，证明了滤子的结构相似于逻辑学中的Hypothetical syllogism规则和替换定理； 4、给出了格蕴涵代数中弱滤子的概念，对弱滤子的性质个结构进行了研究，证明了格蕴涵代数的全体弱滤子构成一个拓扑结构，格蕴涵代数之间的蕴涵同构是相应的拓扑空间之间的拓扑映射。

Nolo is the nation's leading provider of do-it-yourself legal solutions for consumers and small businesses.

从1971年开始提供各种通俗易懂的关于法律方面的书籍、软件等产品，还提供关于人力资源、职业、知识产权和小型商业创办和运作方面的资源。

Jiang Zemin"s theory of ideological political work has affluent contents and abundant opinions. On the basis of extensive reading, analyzing, inducting, researching on Jiang Zemin"s report about ideology political work and important document of the third central leadership, using system analyzing method, com out the main ideas. That is with regard to rank and function of ideological political work, objective and tack of ideological political work, object of ideological political work, principle of ideological political work, basic content of ideological political work, method of ideological political work, leading of ideological political work.

江泽民思想政治工作学说内容丰富，观点众多，在大量阅读、分析、归纳、研究江泽民关于思想政治工作的重要文献的基础上，经过了系统分析与梳理，主要阐述了关于思想政治工作的地位与作用，关于思想政治工作的目标与任务，关于思想政治工作的对象，关于思想政治工作的原则，关于思想政治工作的内容，关于思想政治工作的方式方法，以及关于思想政治工作的领导几个方面的具体内容。

Actually, about the sales staff, travel allowance allowance of what did not make clear to the laws and regulations, the provisions of the main or your company which is about how to save you, when doing business in the client entertainment expenses, if you also normal bill, some companies will give you plenty of reimbursement, beyond the company if you entertain the aspects about the amount of fees, besides the company submits an expense account, and the rest is that part of your own expense, I can tell you, because there is no clear laws to regulate the sales staff subsidies, this is me to sales experience, hope to be useful to you.

其实呢，关于这个销售人员的差旅费补助补贴什么的，并没有明确的法律法规条文来阐述，最主要的还是看你们公司的关于这方面是如何的规定的，救你做业务时候的客户招待费用而言，如果你又正规的发票的话，有的公司会全部给你报销，有的是如果你超出了公司的关于招待这方面的费用额度，那除了公司给你报销的那一部分，剩下的就是你自己报销了，我只能这样跟你讲，因为并没有明确的法律条文来规定销售人员的补贴之类的，这是我做销售的经验之谈，希望对你有用。

At the end of the thesis,practically and realisticallysummarizing the studies concerning this topic,the author believes to put forward thenew viewpoints in following aspects,i.e.the"theory of three-phase"for thedevelopment of victimology;the trends of the worldwide development of the redress ofthe victims'rights;the new method to protect the victims,which balances theprotection between the victims and inflictors to resume the victims'rights by setting upthe protective measures such as the national relief and social supporting system for thevictims,which rarely connects with their rights and interests directly;the necessity ofthe redress of the victims'rights in 6 aspects;the deficiencies on the issue of theredress of the victims'rights in the aspects of academic research and legislation;theelementary reflects on the constitutional foundation for the protection of the victims;the two-side analysis on the regulations for the protection of victims in new penal law;the suggestion to establish the system for investigation,statistics and proclamation ofvictimization;the design to consummate the rights and redress of the victims inappealing procedures;the assumption to establish the social supporting system of thevictims in China,and soon.

在论文的最后，实事求是地总结了自己关于本课题的研究，认为在以下若干方面提出了个人的新见解。提出了我国被害人学发展的"三阶段说"；提出了世界范围内犯罪被害人权利救济的发展趋势；提出了通过建立对犯罪被害人的国家补偿制度和社会支援体系这样的与加害人权益不大发生直接联系的犯罪被害人保护措施，来实现犯罪被害人的被害恢复，以求得加害人与被害人权利保护平衡的犯罪被害人权利保护方式的新思路；从六个方面提出了我国犯罪被害人权利救济的必要性；从理论研究和立法两个方面指出了我国在犯罪被害人权利救济问题上的欠缺点，其中对我国犯罪被害人的理论研究作了反思，对犯罪被害人保护的宪法依据作了初步的探讨，对新刑事诉讼法关于犯罪被害人的保护的规定作了一分为二的分析；提出了建立我国的犯罪被害调查、统计和公告制度的建议；提出了为了防止被害人的第二次被害，而完善犯罪被害人在诉讼程序中的权利与救济的方案；提出了构建我国犯罪被害人社会支援体系的设想。等等。

The reason is that the universality of contradiction can be explained more briefly, for it has been widely recognized ever since the materialist-dialectical world outlook was discovered and materialist dialectics applied with outstanding success to analysing many aspects of human history and natural history and to changing many aspects of society and nature by the great creators and continuers of Marxism--Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin; whereas the particularity of contradiction is still not dearly understood by many comrades, and especially by the dogmatists.

这是因为马克思主义的伟大的创造者和继承者马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林他们发现了唯物辩证法的宇宙观，已经把唯物辩证法应用在人类历史的分析和自然历史的分析的许多方面，应用在社会的变革和自然的变革的许多方面，获得了极其伟大的成功，矛盾的普遍性已经被很多人所承认，因此，关于这个问题只需要很少的话就可以说明白；而关于矛盾的特殊性的问题，则还有很多的同志，特别是教条主义者，弄不清楚。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。