共溶剂

The results also show that subtituent position on the benzene ring has a great influence on the transfer volume. The trends of change of δ〓ΔΦ〓〓 for mand p-isometers with the composition of the mixed solvent are similar. However, the position and amplitude of the limit valve are different from each other. These are discussed according to the inductive effect and the resonance effect.

研究发现：取代基在苯环上的取代位置对迁移偏摩尔体积有明显影响，间、对位取代的异构体在DMF-水混合溶剂中的δ〓Δφ〓〓随混合溶剂的组成变化规律相似，但极值点的位置及幅度有所不同，根据诱导效应和共轭效应对此进行了讨论。

The macro conjugated molecule fluorene derivative has 2, 3, 6, 7-tetraamino-9, 9'-dialkyl fluorene as a raw material which is added to an organic solvent respectively together with phenanthrenequinone, acenaphthene quinone or bis-carbonyl pyrene derivatives and strong base; under the protection of inert gas, reflux reaction is carried out to the materials, so as to prepare a series of trapezoidal conjugated molecules containing fluorine structures.

本发明涉及一类含大共轭分子的芴衍生物及其制备方法，大共轭分子芴衍生物是将原料2，3，6，7-四氨基-9，9'-二烷基芴，分别与菲醌、苊醌或二羰基芘的衍生物以及强碱加入到有机溶剂中，在惰性气体的保护下，回流反应制得一系列含有芴结构的梯形共轭分子。

The effects of solvents and blending method on the antistatic property of PP were studied.

用共混的方法制备了抗静电聚丙烯，研究了共混方法和溶剂的使用对聚丙烯抗静电性能的影响。

The high barrier effects are obtained by controlled blending technique conditions and morphology of dispersed phase.

将少量对烃类溶剂具有高效阻隔作用的阻隔性树脂――改性尼龙与高密度聚乙烯共混，通过对共混工艺条件和分散相MPA形态的控制，可获得具有高阻隔性能的HDPE／MPA共混材料。

Blends of P(3-hydroxylbutyrate-co-4-hydroxylbutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] plasticized by triethyl citrate, soybean oil and glycerin triacetate have been prepared by a solvent casting film method. The effects of varying the type and content of plasticizer on the properties of the polymer blends have been studied.

采用溶剂成膜法制备了柠檬酸三乙酯、大豆油和甘油三乙酸酯增塑的聚（3-羟基丁酸酯－co-4-羟基丁酸酯）共混物，考察了增塑剂的种类及其用量对共混物热学和力学性能的影响。

In the Cu-catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-conjugate addition of diethylzinc to acyclic enones, the reaction conditions, such as the amount of diethylzinc, solvents, temperature and the reaction time, were investigated in detail with 9a as the standard ligand and chalcone as the typical substrate.

考察了Et_2Zn量、溶剂、反应温度和反应时间等因素对反应的影响，得到了配体与Cu的摩尔比为2.5、1.5倍Et_2Zn用量、甲苯为反应溶剂、-20℃下反应6小时为不对称催化1，4-共轭加成的优化反应条件。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

2The chemical oxidization method was used to prepare emeraldine salt type conductive polyaniline co-doped with hydrochloric acid and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PANI－HCl－DBSA) by interfacial polymerization which employ immiscible interface formed via the water and organic solvent.

2采用化学氧化合成法，以界面聚合方式，利用水与有机溶剂所形成的不相容界面，直接制备以盐酸和十二烷基苯磺酸共掺杂ES型导电性聚苯胺(PANI－HCl－DBSA)，藉由加入适量之DBSA，达到聚苯胺可完全溶解分散於有机溶剂中的目的。

Comparing with the severely conglomerated, larger particles of B〓C sample obtained from metallic sodium co-reduction of CCl〓 and BBr〓 at 400℃ without using solvent, the solvothermal product with well dispersed, uniform nanoparticles indicates that solvothermal synthesis is a better, practical way to nanocrystalline B〓C.

作为对比，在不使用有机溶剂的条件下，通过金属钠共还原CCl〓和BBr〓于400℃下也制备出B〓C微粉，但产物颗粒较大，团聚严重。表明溶剂热合成方法是制备B〓C纳米晶的一种更可行的途径。

The results showed: when TLC solvent system was: chloroform - methanol - diethyl amine = 90:9:1, alkaloids from lotus leaves were well isolated, and five components were isolated and identified by spraying Dragendorff reagent. The optimal conditions of HPLC solvent system were: methanol- water - diethyl amine = 75:25:0.0125. Under the conditions, components of alkaloids from lotus leaves were separated very well, and ideal RP-HPLC peaks were obtained.5、Methods of High Speed Counter Current Chromatography and preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography applied to identify and purify alkaloids from lotus leaves were set up. When solvent system of HSCCC was: chloroform - methanol - water (pH=4.00)= 4:3:2, speed of chromatogram was 700rpm, flow speed of the mobile phase was 2mL/min, four pure components relatively were attained by isolation and purification.

结果表明：薄层层析溶剂系统为氯仿：甲醇：二乙胺=90：9：1，使荷叶中的生物碱达到了较好的分离效果，并用改良的碘化铋钾试剂喷雾显色，共分离鉴别出了5种荷叶生物碱；分析型HPLC分析检测的较优溶剂系统为甲醇：水：二乙胺=75：25：0.0125，使荷叶生物碱的各个组分达到了基线分离，并获得了较好的峰形。5、建立了高速逆流色谱和制备型HPLC技术分离纯化荷叶生物碱的具体方法。H(来源：ABC46论文网www.abclunwen.com)SCCC法在溶剂系统为氯仿：甲醇：pH4.00的水=4：3：2，色谱仪转速为700rpm，流动相流速为2mL／min的条件下，分离纯化得到了4个纯度较高的化合物。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。