共价

The vaccine, also called heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or PCV7, is marketed as Prevnar in the United States and Canada and as Prevenar elsewhere in the world.

疫苗也成为七价肺炎球菌共轭疫苗或PCV7，在美国和加拿大的商品名是Prevnar，而在其他地区称为Prevenar。

The dissertation mainly consists of two parts:1. The Reaction Chemistry of Alkynes under Palladium Catalysis Part 1 studies the reaction α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with alkenylpalladium intermediate generated by nucleopalladation, and discovered 1 the Pd-catalyzed tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls,2 the four-component tandem addition reaction of halides, alkynes and α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, 3 the tandem intramolecular oxypalladation-conjugate additionreaction of alkynoic acids with α,β-enals. These new reactions provide notonly efficient highly stereoselective methods for the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated,polyunsaturated carbonyl compounds and γ-lactonic aldehydes, but also thebasic transformations for a number of C-C bond formation reactions which can be usedto design synthesis of many acyclic, cyclic or polycyclic compounds.

本论文的主要工作分为两个部分：一、钯催化下炔烃的反应化学在本小组前人工作的基础上，我们详细研究了炔烃亲核钯化产生的烯基钯中间体与α，β-不饱和羰基化合物的反应，发现两价钯催化下卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的串联加成反应、卤离子-炔烃-α，β-不饱和醛酮的西组分串联加成及炔酸分子内氧钯化-串联Michael型加成反应；由此发展了γ，δ-不饱和醛酮、多不饱和羰基化合物和带有醛酮基侧链的γ-丁内酯衍生物的高立体选择性合成方法，这一过量卤离子存在下的烯基钯对α，β-不饱和羰基化合物共轭加成反应的发现，为大量碳-碳键形成反应的实现提供了基础，使我们能够从这一基本反应出发，设计和开发多种分子内、分子间的碳碳成键反应，以好的立体、区域选择性组建开链、环状及多环类型的化合物。

Sera were collected from 119 parous cows. After screening and testing these sera with cell panel, a total of 6 kind reagents against BoLA A2, A6, A8/14, A10, A11 and A30 were typed from 16 alloantisera. The titer of antisera ranged from 2x to 8x. Besides these 16 sera, another serum which seemed to be against subtype of A30 was also obtained.

第一种方法系采集经产母牛之血清经比对测试后，筛选出具特异性抗体之血清；以此方法共筛选 119 头经产母牛之血清，而制得 6 种标准抗血清计 16 支，分别对抗 BoLA A2、A6、A8/14、A10、A11、A30 等抗原型，此外尚制得 1 支为疑似对抗 A30 之亚型之抗血清；所得抗体力价偏低，介於 2～8 倍间。

Results 500fold enrichments were observed by tittering phages in the cell lysate after five rounds of selection. A signal significantly greater than background binding was observed from the third to the fifth round of selection on CHOEGFRGFP1 and CHOK1 cell, but a part of polyclonal scFv bound EGFR specially. About 45% of the selected clones contained a fullsized insert of 1 kb. One unique human antiEGFR scFv (F4scFv) was isolated by analyzing with cell ELISA and DNA sequencing.

结果 经过5轮筛选，细胞裂解液中洗脱出噬菌体效价有500倍以上增长；细胞ELISA结果显示多克隆pscFv与CHOEGFRGFP1细胞和CHOK1细胞均有明显结合，但有部分特异性结合EGFR；菌落PCR显示约45％克隆中含有完整的1kb scFv片断；经细胞ELISA、 DNA测序检测共获得1株EGFR特异性单链抗体，命名为F4scFv。

Secondly, the energy band structure of codoped-TiO2 shows that an acceptor level and a donor level present inside the band gap, and an electron on the donor level passivates a hole on the acceptor level, so the systems still keep semiconductor character and enhance the separation of electron-hole pairs excited by photo irradiation.

另外， V： N共掺杂TiO2的能带结构表明：导带底下方施主杂质能级上的一个电子刚好补偿价带顶上方受主杂质能级上的一个空穴，使掺杂后TiO2材料表现出半导体的显著特征，这有利于电子—空穴对的分离，提高量子产率。

Which, sGKz8 varieties in the 2003-2004 national regional trials, seed cotton, lint, lint before frost control were 41 varieties of cotton by 121.1%, 126.4%, 129.2%, ranking first in 2005 through the national approval , is the first of bivalent insect-resistant genes to the three new varieties of hybrid cotton; otherwise GKz28, sGKz6, sGKz34 combination of a total of three test are participating in the National District.

其中，sGKz8在2003-2004年全国品种区域试验中，籽棉、皮棉、霜前皮棉分别为对照品种中棉所41的121.1%、126.4％、129.2%，均居第一位，2005年通过国家审定，是我国第一个转双价抗虫基因的三系杂交棉新品种；另有GKz28、sGKz6、sGKz34共3个组合正在参加全国区试。

Using plant bivalent expression vector pCAMBIA1300 and pBI121 as basic components, a new binary vector harboring tomato chitinase gene Chi3 and tomato β-1,3-glucanase gene Glu-Ac, was constructed through sequential restriction digests and ligations recombination. The two genes driven by CaMV35s promoter were successfully transferred into watermelon cultivars "ZhongYuYiHao" via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.

构建了同时含有番茄儿丁质酶基因（Chi3）和β-1，3-葡聚糖酶基因的双价抗真菌基因植物表达载体，以西瓜子叶块为外植体，采用根癌农杆菌介导法，将Chi3和Glu-Ac同时导入西瓜栽培种&中育一号&，共获得46株抗性再生植株。

It makes a integral study of the Chinese verb "Chi" through two ways: isemantic descriptions — variable rules of meaning of V-N construction , referentical status of object-actant noun; iisyntactical descriptions — division and combination of actants or semantic valencies; positive and negative compatible proper.

具体通过语义和句法描写两大途径切入：i动宾构造的意义&变异规则&、题元名词的&指称&地位分析；ii题元或语义配价的裂变及合并、兼容共现特征和转换特征的分析。

Rabbit was immunized by the conjugated alginate-BSA (1.0mg/kg) for 40-days routine immunity method; ELISA method was used to examine the titration of anti-alginate serum; The first generation parotid acinar cells were chosen to divided five groups (group A :contrast, group B: BAS, group C: alginate, group D: anti-alginate serum, group E: alginate +anti-alginate serum), We examined the proliferation of each part by MTT method at four times (lh, 6h,12h and 24h); In the meanwhile, The growth and shape of parotid acinar cells were observed under phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope.16 of the immunized rabbits by alginate were divided equally into Al and Bl groups, 12 normal rabbits were divided equally into A2 and B2 groups as control groups, Each rabbit was affused by 0.3ml(40fil/ml)alginate though parotid duct once time two days.

将藻酸盐与BSA偶连形成具有较强免疫原性的Alginate-BSA交联物免疫兔，按抗原量1.0mg/kg接种于新西兰白兔皮内，间隔10d加强免疫1次，共加强4次后，利用间接ELISA法检测藻酸盐抗体效价：将原代培养的兔腮腺腺细胞按10~4个/ml接种到96孔板上，置入细胞培养箱继续培养3d，分为5组：A空白对照组、B牛血清白蛋白组、C藻酸盐组、D抗藻酸盐血清组和E抗藻酸盐血清+藻酸盐组，分别加入PBS、牛血清白蛋白、藻酸盐或新鲜抗藻酸盐血清继续培养，分别于1h、6h、12h和24h不同的时间点，取出96孔培养板，采用MTT法检测5组腮腺腺细胞增殖情况

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。