共价

According to the empirical rules of influence of the chemical bond on spectrum, electron spectroscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy, the chemical environmental factor was further defined with the covalency and polarizability of a bond.

根据光谱、电子能谱和穆斯堡尔谱学中化学键对谱线影响的经验规律，进一步利用共价性和极化率定义了化学环境因子这一概念，并发现它能够有效地描述波谱学中化学位移的变化趋势。

The lower energy is because that the chemical bond between O〓 and M〓 has not formed completely, which cause by the higher covalency of Eu〓-O〓 bond in amorphous state. And the larger half width is caused by the disorder of sites.

这是由于在非晶态状态下金属氧键尚未完全形成，从而导致Eu〓-O〓的共价性较高，因此电荷迁移带处于较低的能量位置；而格位的无序性导致其光谱变宽。

The quantitative relationship between isomer shift, refractive index and chemical bond parameters were established. The calculated results indicated that the change of crystal parameters and bond length will alter the covalency of chemical bond and peripheral electron density of Fe2+ nuclear, which in turn leads to the change of the isomer shift and refractive index.

根据计算结果发现，晶胞参数及化学键长的变化引起化学键共价性、Fe2+核附近电子云密度的变化等，最终导致同质异能位移的改变，计算结果与实验数据之间较好的一致性验证了此理论的准确性和普适性。

Mossbauer isomer shifts of Fe2+ ion in LaFeAl11O19 and Eu3+ ion in LaMgAl11O19 are calculated by using the chemical surrounding facter,h,definited by covalency and electronic polarizability,and the results are in agreement with the experimental values.

利用由共价性和极化率定义的化学环境因子h计算了LaFeAl11O19中57Fe的穆斯堡尔同质异能位移和LaMgAl11O19∶Eu中151Eu的同质异能位移，所得结果与实验值一致。

This paper compared the Covalency - Effect and the Nephelauxetic - Effect, applied these two methods in the absorption spectra of DMS Zn1- xMnxTe, and found that both methods can gain fine results. But the results by applying the Nephelauxetic - Effect modifying factor to modify the radial wave functions are much closer to the experimental values.

该文对共价效应和电子云延伸效应在处理稀磁半导体的吸收光谱方面的应用做了详细的比较，并分别应用到了稀磁半导体Zn-xMnxTe上，虽然两种处理方法都能够得出比较好的结果，但用电子云延伸效应修正因子修正波函数得出的结果与实验更为接近。

The nephelauxetic parameter, bonding parameter and covalency parameter are calculated according to the location of the PA peaks in NdF〓, Nd〓.H〓O and Nd〓〓.

根据NdF〓、Nd〓。H〓O和Nd〓〓的谱峰位置，计算了它们的电子云重排参数β、键合参数b〓和Sinha共价参数δ。

Based on the changes in the spectrum characters of guest molecules producedthrough inclusion complex formation with cyclodextrins, we have carried out two aspects of investigation:First, the mechanisms for the host-guest recognition reactions have been studied, such as the interactions between 3-CD and curcumin, the main constituent of the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa, the recognition of p-CD towards rubidate, the effective component of the Chinese traditional medicine madder, and the reactions of p-CD towards the antileprotic drug dapsone and the antiinflammatory drug nabumetone: The formation of supramolecular complex between P-CD and guest molecule has been discussed and verified in virtue of multitudinous means such asultraviolet-visible absorption, fluorescence emission, infrared spectrogram and so on. The influence of addition of linear alcohols on the supramolecular system has been studied and the reason why the noncovalent interactions in the three-component system could result in a decrease in the apparent association constant of the inclusion complex has been revealed.

本论文基于环糊精对被包结客体光谱性质的改变，开展了两大方面的研究：β-环糊精对姜黄属植物根茎主要成分—姜黄素、中药茜草有效成分—茜草双酯、抗麻风药物氨苯砜及抗炎药物萘丁美酮的主-客体识别反应机制研究：借助超分子包合物的紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱或红外吸收光谱等手段，通过多种方法探讨并验证了超分子包合物的形成；研究了直链醇的加入对超分子体系的影响，揭示了三元体系中非共价相互作用导致超分子包合物表观结合常数降低的原因：对超分子包结反应进行了热动力学研究，探讨了各热动力学参数的变化趋势并从熵焓互补的角度考察了超分子包结过程；通过荧光猝灭实验进一步揭示了水相中β-环糊精增敏客体荧光的本质原因，从而为超分子化学提供新的理论和研究方法。

I. Design and selection of thc high affinity DNA ligands for singIe-chain reprcssorSingle-chain repressor RRn., is a derivative of bacteriophage 434 repressor,which contains covalent1y dimerized DNA-binding domains (axnino acids 1-69) of thephage 434 repressor.

一。设计和筛选单链阻遏蛋白的高亲和力DNA结合序列单链阻遏蛋白RR_是噬菌体434阻遏蛋白的衍生物，它是噬菌体434阻遏蛋白的N端DBD（1—69位氨基酸）组成的共价二聚体。

Silk is dyed with nine reactive dyes containing various reactive systems and having different reactive groups. After the dyeings being thoroughly extracted to remove all noncovalently bounded dyes,they are treated with buffer solutions in pH range from 1.89-10.65 at 70℃.

丝用九个含有不同活性基团和活性基个数的活性染料染色，着色丝上非共价结合的染料被萃取净后，用pH值从1.89至10.65五个不同缓冲溶液于70℃进行水解，吸附在丝上的水解染料再次被萃取净。

Adding transition metals into the TiN films by arc ion plating (1) The hardnesses of theN films are higher that that of the TiN films, proving that the alloy hardening effect is a common phenomenon;(2) The structures of the alloyed films are determined by the added element properties such as covalent radius, electro negativity, free energy and lattice parameters of the MN compound;(3) theN film consists of a mixture of multi phases with high hardness but quite brittle, while the other MN films are composed of single phase with the fcc TiN structure and their hardesses, functions of the added amounts of the elements, manifest always a maximum at a certain M percentage.

一、将过渡金属M用电弧离子镀方法添加于TiN薄膜中：1。N薄膜硬度均高于TiN薄膜硬度，合金强化效应普遍存在；2。薄膜相结构决定于添加元素M的周期律信息，包括M的共价半径、电负性，及MN化合物的自由能、晶格常数等；3。N为多相混合结构，薄膜硬度高，但韧性差；其它N的相结构为TiN类型的单一fcc结构，薄膜硬度随M添加量变化并出现峰值；4。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。