共产主义的

Therefore, under communist society in which alienatedlabor is discarded, the return of man to his true self will necessarily cause man to have overall occupation of labor bes-ides having the generic essence of labor type——alogical co-nclusion to arrive at when we study Marx's theories on human alienation and on human generic essence and practical essence.

因而，在扬弃异化劳动的共产主义社会，向真正的人复归的人的本质除具有人的劳动类本质外，还必然具有对劳动的全面占有这一本质规定，这是我们统一理解马克思关于人的异化理论、关于人的类本质和现实本质的两个著名论断及其全部理论旨归所得出的必然结论。

Politics could have been the destructive element for Graham, since he started his rise in the age of Eisenhower and for a time was a fervent red hunter, an admirer of Senator Joe McCarthy and an overall basher of the left, as here in a radio broadcast of 1953:"While nobody likes a watchdog, and for that reason many investigation committees are unpopular, I thank God for men who, in the face of public denouncement and ridicule, go loyally on in their work of exposing the pinks, the lavenders and the reds who have sought refuge beneath the wings of the American eagle and from that vantage point try in every subtle, undercover way to bring comfort, aid and help to the greatest enemy we have ever known - communism."

自从Graham在艾森豪时代的崛起，而且一度是位狂热的激进主义者，他一直摆脱不出政治的纠缠，他崇拜参议员Joe McCarthy并且赞同对左派的痛击，就像他在1953年的广播节目中所说的："当没有人喜欢看门狗的时候，许多检调单位将不受欢迎，我认为上帝对一个面对公众谴责与悉落的人来说，忠诚地出现在他们接触左派思想的工作上，同时对于在美国这头巨鹰的双翼下找寻庇护以及在微细处找寻有利位置的人而言，暗中替他们带来信心，以及帮助我们面对前所未有的敌人—共产主义。"

Harry Truman, Doris Day, Red China, Johnnie Ray South Pacific, Walter Winchell, Joe DiMaggio Joe McCarthy, Richard Nixon, Studebaker, television North Korea, South Korea, Marilyn Monroe Rosenbergs, H-bomb, Sugar Ray, Panmunjom Brando,"The King and I" and "The Catcher in the Rye" Eisenhower, vaccine, England's got a new queen Marciano, Liberace, Santayana goodbye CHORUS We didn't start the fire It was always burning Since the world's been turning We didn't start the fire No we didn't light it But we tried to fight it Joseph Stalin, Malenkov, Nasser aand Prokofiev Rockefeller, Campanella, Communist Bloc Joel Billy Roy Con, Juan Peron, Toscanini, dacron Dien Bien Phu falls,"Rock Around the Clock" Einstein, James Dean, Brooklyn's got a winning team Davy Crockett, Peter Pan, Elvis Presley, Disneyland Bardot, Budapest, Alabama, Krushchev Princess Grace,"Peyton Place", trouble in the Suez CHORUS Little Rock, Pasternak, Mickey Mantle, Kerouac Sputnik, Chou En-Lai,"Bridge on the River Kwai" Lebanon, Charlse de Gaulle, California baseball Starkweather, homicide, children of thalidomide Buddy Holly,"Ben Hur", space monkey, Mafia Hula hoops, Castro, Edsel is a no-go U-2, Syngman Rhee, payola and Kennedy Chubby Checker,"Psycho", Belgians in the Congo CHORUS Hemingway, Eichmann,"Stranger in a Strange Land" Dylan, Berlin, Bay of Pigs invasion "Lawrence of Arabia", British Beatlemania Ole Miss, John Glenn, Liston beats Patterson Pope Paul, Malcolm X, British politician sex JFK, blown away, what else do I have to say CHORUS Birth control, Ho Chi Minh, Richard Nixon back again Moonshot, Woodstock, Watergate, punk rock Begin, Reagan, Palestine, terror on the airline Ayatollah's in Iran, Russians in Afghanistan "Wheel of Fortune", Sally Ride, heavy metal, suicide Foreign debts, homeless vets, AIDS, crack, Bernie Goetz Hypodermics on the shores, China's under martial law Rock and roller cola wars, I can't take it anymore CHORUS We didn't start the fire But when we are gone Will it still burn on, and on, and on, and on...

杜鲁门，多一天，中国红十字会，尊尼线南太平洋，沃尔特温切尔，迪马乔乔麦卡锡，尼克松，史蒂倍，电视朝鲜，韩国，玛丽莲梦露 Rosenbergs ，氢弹，罗宾森，板门店白兰度，"国王与我"和"麦田里的守望者"艾森豪威尔，疫苗，英格兰有一个新的女王马西亚诺， Liberace ，桑塔亚那再见合唱我们没有启动火灾这是永远燃烧由于世界上已转折点我们没有启动火灾没有我们没有根据它但是，我们试图斗争斯大林，马林科夫，纳赛尔aand普罗科菲耶夫洛克菲勒，康帕内拉，共产主义集团乔尔比利罗伊节能，胡安庇隆，托斯卡尼尼，涤纶奠边府瀑布"，着时钟摇滚乐"爱因斯坦，詹姆斯狄恩，布鲁克林了冠军队戴维克罗克特，彼得潘，埃尔维斯普雷斯利，迪士尼乐园芭铎，布达佩斯，阿拉巴马州， Krushchev 格雷斯公主，"冷暖人间"，麻烦在苏伊士合唱小石城，帕斯捷尔纳克，米老鼠地幔，凯鲁亚克人造地球卫星，周恩来，"桂河大桥"黎巴嫩，戴高乐Charlse ，加州棒球斯塔克，凶杀，儿童的酞胺哌啶酮好友霍利"，本宾虚"，太空猴，黑手党呼啦圈，卡斯特罗，埃德塞尔是一个没有去 U - 2型，李承晚， payola和肯尼迪查检查，"心理"，比利时人在刚果合唱海明威，艾希曼，"陌生人在一个陌生的土地"迪伦，柏林，猪湾入侵"阿拉伯的劳伦斯"，英国披头士狂热奥勒小姐，约翰格伦，利斯顿节拍帕特森教皇保罗，马尔科姆X ，英国政治家性别肯尼迪国际机场，炸毁，还有什么我必须说合唱节育，胡志明，尼克松再次 Moonshot ，伍德斯托克，水，朋克摇滚首先，里根，巴勒斯坦，恐怖航空公司阿亚图拉的伊朗，俄罗斯在阿富汗"命运之轮"，萨莉赖德，重金属，自杀外债，无家可归的老兵，艾滋病，裂纹，伯尼戈茨 Hypodermics的海岸，中国的戒严岩石和轮滑可乐的战争，我不能考虑它了合唱我们没有启动火灾但是，当我们已经一去不复返将它仍然烧伤，以及，以及，以及

From the first chapter to the forth chapter, it summarizes four France capitalistic ideas on equality: the idealistic equality, the empirical equality, the systematized equality, and the singular equality. Then, it can be explored minutely from representative character, advance presupposition, doctrinal content, objective state, practical counterpoint, institutional embodiment, the tend of practice, theory extending and so on. In the fifth chapter, it researches into their contradiction and contestation between the four equalities, indicates their class-conscious essence, and tries to find out a direction to sole these questions. In the sixth chapter, as the intrinsic tendency of soling these deep-seated contradictions of the four equalities, the paper traces the process of France communism from chimerical idea to scientific theory, so that it can point out a gospel: the scientific socialism is the one and only way to surmount these embarrassments of capitalistic theories on equality. At the last chapter, according to our reviews about theories of equality during the hundred years in France, it can conclude some political apocalypse from our history. Owning the wisdom, we could choose our road to the equality, by using these experiences in the west political histories.

第一章到第四章，总结了带有法国资本主义特征的四种平等思想：法国理想平等观、法国经验平等观、法国体系平等观和法国单元平等观，并在代表人物、前提预设、学说内容、目标状态、现实对应、制度体现及其实践倾向和理论扩展等方面进行细致化地考察；第五章，探析四种平等观之间的内在矛盾和论争，指出其学说的阶级本质，同时试图探寻解决问题的方向；第六章，作为解决以上四种平等观之间深层矛盾的内在趋向，文章考察了法国共产主义平等思想由空想向科学的发展，进而指出只有科学社会主义才能走出资本主义平等理论的泥沼；在文章的最后，本文依据对法国百年平等思想史的考察，总结出历史所带给我们的政治启示，以使我们用西方政治的历史经验来选择我们自己的平等之路！

Rooted in Chinese modernization practice, deriving from Chinese traditional values, drawing the reasonable thoughts of pragmatism, developing the usefulness and discarding the uselessness of the value concept of the western market economy, Collectivism values under socialist market system is the perfect integration and high unity of individual and group、the interest of individual and collective, can be interpreted as follows: relation between individual and collective interest is the nucleus, mutual interests is the premise, impartiality and justice is the lever, utilitarian principle is the motive power, dedicatative spirit is the direction, competition and practice is the means, common prosperity is the realistic pursuit, Communism is the goal. It is no doubt that collectivism will play an important role in Socialist modernization construction, stimulate Chinese creative enthusiasm, enrich social material and spiritual wealth, stride to the boundary ideal society of"The United Body of Free Man".

植根于社会主义现代化实践，渊源于中国的传统文化、汲取了实用主义的合理思想，扬弃了西方市场经济的价值观念，以个人与集体利益关系为轴心，以互利互惠为前提，以公平和公正为杠杆，以功利原则为动力，以奉献精神为导向，以竞争务实为实现手段，以共同富裕为现实追求，以共产主义为价值指归，实现了个体与群体、个人利益与集体利益的完满结合和高度统一的社会主义市场经济条件下的集体主义价值观，必将对我国社会主义现代化建设发挥重要的价值导向作用，必将以其特有的功能激发起人们的创造热情，丰富社会的物质和精神财富，以最终向着"自由人联合体"的理想社会境界迈进。

In this century ,besides the never-ceasing regional conflicts and wars of various sizes ,humans waged , in less than twenty years' time ,two unprecedented world wars that literally wiped out millions of lives; the confrontation between communism and capitalism that lasted over seventy years split the world into two camps, east and west ,that maintained two distinct and separate economic systems

在本世纪，除各种各样的大小以外从未停止的地方冲突和战争，人类发起了，近二十年的逐字地消除成千上万生命的二次史无前例的世界大战；交锋在持续经过七十年的共产主义和资本主义之间分裂了世界成二阵营、东部和西部，维护二分明和分开的经济体制。

The sagacious remark lies in the fact in capitalistic socialites: although science and technology is neutral and have no value tendency, once it was under the control of certain social class, it would have class consciousness.

作者认为，法兰克福学派的错误在于没有认识到科学技术的合理应用根本上取决于一个健全的社会制度的建立，即共产主义社会的建立，但是法兰克福学派的作家们却共同发现了这样一个事实，即科学技术一旦为一特定社会阶级所掌握和应用，它便具有为特定的社会主体服务的社会属性。

The list of those arrested reveals a fairly well-spread age profile. Five were in their 20s. Embarrassingly for Romano Prodi's centre-left coalition, eight of them had infiltrated a trade-union federation linked to the biggest party in government, the ex-communist Democrats of the Left.

从被逮捕的嫌疑犯名单来看，其成员年龄结构的分布显得相当广泛：其中五人大约20来岁；尤其令罗曼诺·普罗迪的中左联盟[6]感到尴尬的是，其中八人已经渗透到意国的一个工会联盟中，该工会与政府中最大的党派——左翼的前共产主义民主党有所联系。

In class we will conduct a simulated "agitation trial." These trials were propaganda devices the Bolsheviks used in the 1920's to defend their policies and leaders. Download descriptions of such trials from Party newspaper Pravda. We will stage a mock trial of War Communism. Students whose last names begin with A through I will be the prosecution, and J-Z the defense. In place of reading questions, please prepare for this exercise.

在课堂上我们将引导一场刺激的&震撼审判&，这些审判是布尔什维克在1920年代用来捍卫其政策与领导者的宣传手法，下载出自党报《真理报》有关此类审判的叙述，我们将上演一场虚拟的共产主义斗争的审判，学生最后的名字是A与I之间的将扮演正方，而J与Z间的则是扮演辩方，请事先准备这项活动。

Other bad days for Czechs include November 8th, when Bohemian nobility and Protestantism were defeated at the Battle of the White Mountain in 1620; and February 25th, when a communist putsch in 1948 extinguished a brief period of post-war freedom. Be particularly nice to any Czech foreign ministers you meet on March 10th. In 1948 the most famous of them, the much-loved Jan Masaryk, died in a mysterious suicide.

让捷克人民记住的日子还有：11月8号，1620年的这一天，波西米亚贵族和新教教徒在白山战役中溃败；2月25号，1948年的这一天，一场共产主义政变为战后短暂的自由时期划上了句号；3月10号，这一天你需要对你遇到的任何一位捷克外交部长分外友好：他们最著名的前任、广受爱戴的扬·马萨里克，在1948年的这天死于原因不明的自杀。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷