共产主义制度

For Europe's Communist regimes to disappear so suddenly and bloodlessly, everything had to fall into place, above and below, within and without.

因为欧洲的共产主义政治制度消亡的如此迅速而兵不血刃，一切事情归于正轨，above and below， within and without。

From the first chapter to the forth chapter, it summarizes four France capitalistic ideas on equality: the idealistic equality, the empirical equality, the systematized equality, and the singular equality. Then, it can be explored minutely from representative character, advance presupposition, doctrinal content, objective state, practical counterpoint, institutional embodiment, the tend of practice, theory extending and so on. In the fifth chapter, it researches into their contradiction and contestation between the four equalities, indicates their class-conscious essence, and tries to find out a direction to sole these questions. In the sixth chapter, as the intrinsic tendency of soling these deep-seated contradictions of the four equalities, the paper traces the process of France communism from chimerical idea to scientific theory, so that it can point out a gospel: the scientific socialism is the one and only way to surmount these embarrassments of capitalistic theories on equality. At the last chapter, according to our reviews about theories of equality during the hundred years in France, it can conclude some political apocalypse from our history. Owning the wisdom, we could choose our road to the equality, by using these experiences in the west political histories.

第一章到第四章，总结了带有法国资本主义特征的四种平等思想：法国理想平等观、法国经验平等观、法国体系平等观和法国单元平等观，并在代表人物、前提预设、学说内容、目标状态、现实对应、制度体现及其实践倾向和理论扩展等方面进行细致化地考察；第五章，探析四种平等观之间的内在矛盾和论争，指出其学说的阶级本质，同时试图探寻解决问题的方向；第六章，作为解决以上四种平等观之间深层矛盾的内在趋向，文章考察了法国共产主义平等思想由空想向科学的发展，进而指出只有科学社会主义才能走出资本主义平等理论的泥沼；在文章的最后，本文依据对法国百年平等思想史的考察，总结出历史所带给我们的政治启示，以使我们用西方政治的历史经验来选择我们自己的平等之路！

The essential feature of the Communist Society is the liberation of humanity, which directly requires that the society take the liberation of humanity as its essential element, and set up the non-possessive system in social mechanism and communization and sharing in the way of life. That's why it is called the Communist Society.

共产社会最根本的特征是人性解放，直接要求社会以人性解放为基本要义，在社会机制上建立非占有制度，在生存方式上表现为共产共享，故称为"共产主义"。

Until the Marxism propagated in China, the Communist Party of China wasnt possible to unite the whole social power and call on all the people to begin with the new time of social Modernization, an active, powerful time, to realize the Chinese nation independence , socialist system superiority and communize social ideal.

直到马克思主义传入中国，在马克思主义社会现代化思想的指导下，中国共产党以民族的独立解放、社会主义的制度优越性和共产主义的美好理想，最大程度地团结了社会力量到现代化的进程中，从而开启了现代化主动的、积极的、声势浩大的、蓬蓬勃勃的历史时期。

This may be partly for fear of making a near-reality of private landownership, which would undermine one of the last vestiges of the party's communist heritage.

这也许是当局害怕一个事实上的私有土地所有权制度会进一步抹掉其仅存的一点共产主义的痕迹。

He also sough support from Indian communist groups for establishing a different kind of governance system in Nepal.

他又说，为在尼泊尔建议一个不同的统治制度，他寻求印度共产主义组织的帮助。

Communism is expressed in various movements, but Russian Sovietism is often referred to as a good sample.

共产主义在很多运动中被表达，但是俄国的苏维埃制度被认为是一个很好的范例

New attention came to Milan Kundera after the fall of Communism; even after the instatement of a new regime, Kundera declined to go on proposed official visits to his native land, and chose not to revoke immediately the ban he had imposed on publication of his novels in Czechoslovakia.

新的注意来米兰昆德拉后共产主义垮台；即使instatement一个新的制度，昆德拉拒绝继续提出正式访问他的祖国的土地，并决定不撤销这项禁令立即对他已出版了他的小说在捷克斯洛伐克。

Consequently this thesis find out the causes of personality cult by way of looking back the development of personality cult in our nation and the significant damage personality cult brought on. The causes of phenomena of personality cult mainly involve the serious inaccuracy in dealing with the leader-party relations in communist movement, the backward feudalistic remains, faultiness in democratic system, careerists" advocating and leaders" inclination to compliments, and so on.

所以本文通过回顾我国个人崇拜的发展历程及其所造成的严重危害，找出个人崇拜产生的原因，主要是国际共产主义运动中在处理领袖和党的关系问题中出现了严重偏差，封建专制主义的余毒，民主制度的不健全，野心家的推波助澜、领袖爱听颂歌的弱点等方面。

Arguing that communism in any country in Latin America was a threat to its national security, the US government supported a group of highly armed rebels, the Contras, in their attacks against Nicaragua's elected regime.

认为共产主义在任何一个国家在拉丁美洲是一个威胁其国家安全，美国政府支持的一组高度武装叛乱，在对比，在他们的攻击尼加拉瓜的选举制度。

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。