公法

First, this paper illustrates that punitive damages has strong prevention function, at the same time it accords with the inspirit of civil law of modern times, it doesn't conflict with basic theories of civil law, such as the partition of public law and private law, the separation of civil law and criminal law and unjust benefit, it is also the necessar...

本文首先从理论上阐明了该制度具有很强的预防功能，符合现代民法的精神，与公法与私法的划分、民刑分离、不当得利这些民法基本理论并不矛盾，是补偿性民事责任的必要补充，因此具有存在的合理性。

According to the general principles of constitutionalism, legislation, administration and judicature have different properties in public law and different features in the degree of openness and activity. To really realize governance by law, flexible choices should be made between formal positivism and formal passivism according to the different properties and features of legislation, administration and judicature, which altogether depends on the CCP's putting itself in a modest position. Only in this way can the ultimate conception of the harmonious combination of political and legal values of governance by law come into reality.

从宪政的一般原理上看，立法、行政与司法在公法上具有不同的性质，并且在开放性、能动性等方面具有不同的特性，要真正实现依法执政就必须依照立法、行政与司法的不同性质与特点在形式积极主义与形式消极主义间进行灵活选择，而这一切端赖于中国共产党的自我谦抑立场，如此方可实现将依法执政的政治价值与法治价值这两种不同的价值目标进行和谐统合的终极构想。

The journal Nature, in an editorial in the current issue, complains that 'antidoping authorities have fostered a sporting culture of suspicion, secrecy and fear' by relying on unscientifically calibrated tests, like the unreliable test for synthetic testosterone that cost Floyd Landis his 2006 Tour de France victory and even if the authorities manage to correct their tests, they can't possibly keep up with the accelerating advances in biology.

例如说，我们原本都以为政府应该是一种相较於私领域、著重在建立与规范公共领域游戏规则的一种组织；但是随著政府作很多事情完全是痛快地以私的心态在进行，我们既没有办法称呼政府为一个「私法人」，甚至「公法人」的既有意义与实践脉络也逐渐地在脱离。

The article anatomizes the dissension of the International Law and the public informations in the war ,and also probe into the relationship of the Sino-french war and the separation of Taiwan from Fujian province.

文章对闽台战场发生的公法纠纷、公共信息及中法战争和闽台分省之间的关系作了较为深入的分析和探讨。

The function of public law is to control administration of government. It appropriates the latter.

私法是规范市民社会生活的法律，适宜前者；公法是规范国家管理的法律，适宜后者。

Finally, this article provides feasible mode of objective for construction and perfection of Chinese public law system-building up and perfecting procedural mechanism of power operation, supervision and control over power operation, relief system of rights and the legal system of guarantying and enhancing power operators'' qualities.

最后，旨为有中国特色的公法制度的改革与创新提供可行的目标模式。第一，要建立、健全权力运行的程序化机制；第二，要建立、健全权力运行的监督与制约机制；第三，要建立、健全对权利的救济制度；第四，要建立、健全保障和提高行权者素质的法律制度。

But when the article deals with the idiographic genre of the tax-law contract, the author infixes to the best of his abilities to studies hairlike relation and difference between systems.

此外，本文中有关私法向公法渗透的表现、税法合同与税收法定主义的关系以及税法合同的救济等内容都具有一定的新意。

The social benefits mainly is depend on in the public laws, especially the protection of the administration method's for the social benefits suffers the law succors violate behind, in addition to adopt the administration method means take into adjust, should still give the 纠 to be partial to through a public-spirited litigation system.

社会利益主要依赖于公法，特别是行政法的保护。至于社会利益遭受侵害后的法律救济，除采用行政法手段加以调整外，还应该通过公益诉讼制度予以纠偏。

The allocations of the land resource and the land right are united and co-exist in the course of land use.

土地利用制度包括公法上的土地利用制度与私法上的土地利用制度。

The public law is maintains the national interest and the entire social benefit law; The civil law maintains all personal or the private association's benefit law.

公法是维护国家利益和整个社会利益的法律；私法是维护一切私人或私团体的利益的法律。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。