公民

Calling for the reinvigoration of civic involvement, this illuminating and insightful book offers both a philosophical and historical exploration of America's citizen-soldier tradition and the consequences involved in separating the citizenry from the armed forces.

呼唤公民参与的振兴，这本书启发性和洞察力的同时提供了美国公民的哲学和历史探索兵传统和分离从军队公民所涉及的后果。

Participatory democracy , or semidirect democracy , is a new trend of development of democracy in contemporary western developed countries.

参与式民主，又称半直接民主，是当代西方发达国家民主发展的一个新的趋向，它强调在宏观代议制民主的基础上引进更多的直接民主因素，扩大公民在国家事务和社会组织中的直接参与，即公共决策一部分由公民选举代表制定，一部分由公民自己直接参与制定。

In ancient times, civil society is a concept that corresponds to the natural state .However, in modern times, Western thinkers have begun to put forward a concept of civil society which is set up based on the dichotomy of state and society, and to the contemporary, the people also began to use the trichotomy of s...

在古代，公民社会是一个与自然状态相对应的概念，但到了近代，西方思想家开始提出一种建立在国家和社会二分法基础上的公民社会观，而在现代，人们又开始用国家—市场—社会三分法来代替国家和社会二分法，并在此基础上重新界定了公民社会的内涵。

This chapter studies the connotation of western civil society and its evolution from classic to modern and contemporary, from which we can know western civil society undergoes a process from integration, dichotomy to trisection, with which the concept of civil society changes. Therefore, we can conclude the connotation and characteristics of civil society. The concept of civil society is also suitable to Chinese context and it is the actual theoretical grasp of the new social structure elements which are brought by the social transformation.

本章研究西方公民社会内涵及其理论从古典到现代再到当代的演变，揭示了西方的社会结构经历了一个从一体到两分再到三分的过程，在此基础上总结出本文所研究的公民社会的内涵及其特征，论证了公民社会概念在中国语境下同样具有适用性，是对社会转型所催生的新的社会结构要素的准确理论把握。

To strengthen civic awareness, the following problems must be solved: the consistency of right and obligation, the coherence of individual consciousness and collective awareness, the coherence of civic awareness and professional ethics, equal of citizenhood and guiding of core values.

权利和义务的一致性、个体意识与全体意识的一致性、公民意识与职业意识的一致性、公民身份的平等性、核心价值观的指导性是增强公民意识必须解决的问题。

Citizen ; citizenly education ; citizenship consoiousness

公民；公民教育；公民意识

The main concern of this dissertation is the relations between republicanism and modern political society. It demonstrates that republican commitment is the legitimacy of modern politics, which means that all members of a civic community share the political sovereignty and civic community should put more emphasize collective self-rule, but both dynamics of modern society and cotemporary dominating political social and moral language of liberalism go against the republicanism's commitment, so this dissertation explores that the civic community should renew the common good, regenerate the deliberative public sphere and foster civic virtue so as to remedy the maladies of modern society.

本文的核心问题是共和主义与现代政治的相关性，主要论点是现代政治的正当性基础在于共和政治的公民共同体全体成员共同享有政治主权，也即公民共同体集体自治原则，但是现代政治一方面是建立在对共和政治的规范性承诺基础之上，另一方面现代社会的内在动力以及现代社会的主流政治社会道德话语对于共和政治的实现和维持或者存在威胁，或者隐含缺陷，要维持和实现共和政治的规范性承诺，需要恢复公共善的优先性、重建协商的公共领域以及塑造公民德性。

Begin from November 7, service center of inquiry of number of countrywide citizen Id faces citizen individual formally to roll out citizen identity information to check, the self-help on net of inquiry of homonymic of the same surname serves, the charge that inquires a service every time is 5 yuan, can use pay the bank on treasure and net.

从11月7日开始，全国公民身份证号码查询服务中心正式面向公民个人推出公民身份信息核查、同名同姓查询网上自助服务，每次查询服务的费用是5元，可以用支付宝和网上银行支付。

The modern citizen education, is the result of capitalist economic development and social progress, following the establishment status of citizen and explanation and propaganda on citizen's obligation constitution, coming from the west modernly.

现代公民教育源于近代西方，是资本主义经济发展和社会进步的产物，是伴随着公民地位的确立和解释、宣传宪法中关于公民义务等的规定而派生出来的。

She says it abolishes the presumption of innocence and places the citizen at the service of the state rather than the other way round.

圣米哥说新法废除了公民的无罪假定并且将公民置于为政府服务的地位，而非政府为公民服务。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷