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Firstly, a computational formula of RS which used widely in pipelines design is introduced. Secondly, a correction formula is deduced based on Spangler model. Thirdly, a model of buried pipelines is analyzed with finite element program. After compared with different results, it is found that the result from the correction formula matches with the result of FE better than that of the design code.

以现行的管道结构设计规范为例介绍了目前管道工程设计中常用的管土相对刚度计算公式，在Spangler管道土压力模型基础上推导了计算埋地管道管土相对刚度的修正公式，并采用有限元模型分析了上埋式管道的管土相互作用机理。

Both continuous paraxial approximation formula and two order discrete paraxial approximation formula are developed for one way wave motion transmitting apparently along normal direction based on kinematics model and local polynomial interpolation function.

引言 Clayton和Engquist在1977年和1980年提出的傍轴近似公式[1，2]是迄今为止最具代表性的局部人工边界条件之一。但是上述傍轴近似公式是从特定的波动微分方程出发推导建立的，因此其普适性受到限制。

On this foundation, the followingfew problems are resolved. Firstly, we have a kinematic density formula for pairs of needles by using thekinematic density formula for pairs of oriented lines. The geometric probability thatthe random pairs of needles intersect at a point in convex body K is considered.

在此基础上，重点解决了以下几个问题：首先利用R~2上有向直线偶的运动不变密度公式，得到了针偶的运动不变密度公式，考虑了针偶与凸体K相交且针偶的交点属于K的这样一个几何概率问题。

According to Lorentz transformation,the relativistic covariant of electromagnetic field tensor and 4-dimension forces,and the relativistic invariance of electric charge,it can be directly proved that a moving magnetic monopole will be acted- by a magnetic Lorentz force ,and that the magnetic Lorentz force has the same accuracy as the Coulomb low.

概述了磁单极概念的历史发展，从洛伦兹变换出发，利用电磁场张量和四维力的协变性以及电荷相对论不变，直接证明了运动磁单极受磁洛伦兹力，建议了一个磁洛伦兹力的验证方案，并用磁洛伦兹力公式导出狄拉克电荷量子化条件。证明了磁洛伦兹力公式具有与库仑定律相同的精确度

According to the connective equation of normal distribution function of these parameters, the paper proposes a simple and practical method for the reliability design of involute cylindric gear transmission, and derives a design formula and a proofread formula.

根据这些参数的正态分布函数的联接方程，提出了渐开线圆柱齿轮传动可靠性设计的一种简单适用的方法，并推导出了设计公式和校核公式。

Then, based on a large number of static and dynamic laboratory test results, the calculation formulation on dynamic modules of shear deformation, damping ratio, dynamic pore water pressure, dynamic residual deformation are proposed, the parameters of these formulations are also given.

在此基础上，对粉煤灰进行了大量的动力特性试验研究，提出了该类粉煤灰相应的动模量及阻尼比的计算公式并给出其抗液化强度、动孔隙水压力及动残余应变的计算公式及其参数。

Then the fundamental equations for plate/shell bi-nonlinear finite element model were set up with layered finite method. the fundamental geometric nonlinearity equations for the unbonded prestressed tendon and double spring element were proposed, and the double spring element was used to simulate the interaction of unbonded prestressed tendon and deviator.

最后，针对配置体外CFRP预应力筋混凝土梁的受力特性，对各规范和规程中的裂缝计算公式进行了相应的修正，建立了适用于配置体外CFRP预应力筋混凝土箱梁和T梁短期和长期裂缝宽度的计算公式。

This equation has been tested out, for example, by studying the motion of the planet Mercury-the planet closest to the Sun, and hence the one with the orbit most sensitively dependent on the details of Einstein's equation.

这个公式已经经过了验证，比如，研究水星的运动-最靠近太阳的星体，所以取决于爱因斯坦的公式，它的轨道最敏感。

Methods Through the triaxial creep test, the triaxial creep curves and isochorounous stress-strain curves have been obtained, then the creep characteristics of mica-quartzose schist have been obtained by analyzing the triaxial creep curves, and the isochrounous stress-strain characteristics of mica-quartzose schist have been obtained by analyzing the isochorounous stress-strain curves. Finally, an empirical formula of creep curve is obtained by data fitting and the analysis of the relation between time and parameter of fitting formula.

通过三轴蠕变试验首先得到了云母石英片岩的蠕变曲线和应力应变等时曲线，然后对试验曲线进行分析得到云母石英片岩的蠕变特性和云母石英片岩的等时应力应变特性，最后拟合应力应变等时曲线，并分析时间和拟合公式中参数的关系，得出了蠕变经验公式。

It is greatly efficient, because this overcomes the shortcoming of Eratosthenes algorism that need compare every natural number in the given range, This algorism can acquire all prime numbers between 1 and any given natural number m This article also has given the complexity of the algorism, and even if sift in the algorism were different, it will be...

这避免了传统Eratosthenes 筛法需要比较每个数的缺点，极大地提高了算法效率。该算法能用于求1至任意自然数m之间的所有素数。同时还给出了该算法的最多比较次数公式，即使用不同的筛子利用该公式也容易求得其最大比较次数。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。