公共事务

We cannot expect young people to become socially conscious, civic-minded citizens without teaching them how to "swim" in the "pool" of civic affairs in their communities.

如果不在他们社区公共事务这个"游泳池"之中教导他们如何"游泳"，我们怎么能够期盼青年人成为有社会意识和热心于公益事务的公民。

Government ,as a provider of public service ,a designer of public policy, a manager of public affairs and an exerciser of power, plays an important role in crisis controlling .

政府作为公共服务的提供者、公共政策的制订者、公共事务的管理者以及公共权力的行使者，在危机管理中处于更加重要的特殊地位。

Public crisis management is the basic duty of government, and the ability of public crisis management is the standard to measure the efficiency of government. As the supplier for public service, the maker of public policy, the manager of public affairs and the administrator of public power, government plays a leading role in crisis management.

公共危机管理是政府的基本职能，公共危机管理能力是衡量政府效能的重要标准，政府作为公共服务的提供者、公共政策的制定者、公共事务的管理者、公共权力的行使者，在危机管理中处于主导性地位。

The publicness of public administration can only be clearly explained from the perspective of public power.

我国目前的公共管理依然存在着公共性缺失的情况，主要表现在这样几个方面：从公共管理的主体来看，政府大包大揽所有公共事务的问题依然没有得到解决，其它社会组织在公共管理中的作用并未得到充分发挥。

It is true, he was never employed in the latter, the numerous family he had to educate and the straitness of his Circumstances keeping him close to his trade: but I remember well his being frequently visited by leading men, who consulted him for his opinion in public affairs, and those of the church he belonged to, and who showed a great respect for his judgment and advice: he was also much consulted by private persons about their affairs when any difficulty occurred, and frequently chosen an arbitrator between contending parties.

公共事务，他从未服务过，负担这个人口众多的家庭，这种窘迫的环境把他束缚在商业上；但我很清楚的记得常有领袖人物来拜访，他们征询他对于镇上事务的意见，或是关于他所进的教会内，他们对于他的审判和忠告甚为佩服，他也常和外人筹划他们的事务，若遇有困难时，便被推选为双方争吵的调解人。

General affairs of Guangdong province WTO seeks advice from a service center (next weighing Guangdong WTO center) in British Ministry of Foreign Affairs " fund of global good luck " below the leader that subsidizes office of trade of the classics outside be being saved with Guangdong, began Guangdong enterprise and guild to share trade policy the investigation and study of public general affairs.

广东省WTO事务咨询服务中心在英国外交部"全球机遇基金"资助和广东省外经贸厅的领导下，开展了广东企业和行业协会参与贸易政策公共事务的调查研究。

To meet the requirement of modernization and specialization of public administration, to carry out the strategy of strengthening the nation by the person with ability, to establish an efficiency, unisonous and canonical public administration system, to perfect the training system of public administration cadre and cultivate a high quality and specialized administration team of public affairs, Jilin University face to the whole nation to recruit specialty degree post-graduate student of MPA every year.

为适应社会公共管理现代化、科学化、专业化的要求，为实施人才强国的战略，为建立办事高效、运转协调、行为规范的公共管理体系，完善国家公共事务和行政管理干部培训制度、培养高素质的专业化国家公共事务和行政管理公务员队伍，吉林大学每年面向全国招收公共管理硕士专业学位研究生。

The new pattern o f the public affairs demands that the government should change its functions by propelling the public administration socialized and building the new model of re sponsibility shared between the government and the non-profitable organizations, equal competition and profits shared for the purpose to realize the socialist n ew trails of public administration with Chinese features.

公共事务的新形态，要求政府转变职能，推动公共管理社会化，构建政府与非营利组织责任分担，平等竞争，利益共享的新模式，实现有中国特色社会主义公共管理制度的创新。

Generally speaking, he defines "publicity" in the following three aspects:(1) public sphere's openness to all the citizens,(2) people's criticism of the public power and public affairs in public sphere, and (3) a kind of consensus which is reached through rational deliberation under the principles of freedom, democracy and justice, and can make the independent participants take un-coercive collective action.

一般来说，哈贝马斯把&公共性&宽泛地理解为公共领域对所有公民无障碍的开放性、公众在公共领域内对公共权力和公共事务的批判性，以及遵循自由、民主、正义原则进行理性商讨所达成的可以促使独立参与者在非强制状态下采取集体行动的共识。

Deliberative democracy is, on the basis of reflecting competitive democratic theory, regives citizens the enthusiasm to participate in public affairs. It reckons that citizens political participation should not be restricted to periodic vote or aperiodic activities such as demonstrations. Citizens should, under the premise of open and transparent information and according to certain procedures, freely and equally carry out in full the discussion on the public policies that affect them, and through the legalization of decision by public deliberation, the quality of democratic governance is enhanced.

协商民主就是在反省竞争性民主理论的基础上，重新赋予公民参与公共事务的积极性，认为公民的政治参与不应该局限于定期的投票和不定期的游行示威等活动方式，公民应该在信息公开透明的条件下，依据一定的程序，自由而平等地对影响到自己的公共政策进行公开且充分的讨论，通过公共协商赋予决策的合法性，从而提升民主治理的品质。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。