入射的

The proposed scheme is achieved by extracting the support of an indicator function on a sampling domain containing the penetrable object as a visualization of the unknown object where the indicator function has noticeably different values inside and outside the penetrable object.

这个算法的一个特别吸引人的性质是不需要关于障碍物的任何几何和物理的先验信息，并且只需要散射场在某个有限孔径中若干个入射和测量方向上的远场信息，即可得到可穿透目标的一个很理想的可视化。

The numerical calculation shows that the space distibution of the electromagnetic field in each sub-micro-layer changes with the varing transmission depth in the relief grating, the space distribution in each sub-micro-layer is uniformer than that in isotropic grating and the optical parameters of the anisotropic relief grating and the incident beam have a large impact on the space distribution of the electromagnetic field in relief grating and so on.

数值计算表明，光波场光强的空间分布随透射深度的变化而变化，各向异性介质光栅体内光波场的空间分布相对各向同性介质要均匀，光栅材料的性质参数和光束的入射参数对光波场光强的空间分布有较大的影响等。

So, in this paper, a circular cavity witha large radius is used to replace the straight boundary of thehalf space, then the half space problem can be changed tothe scattering problem of two circular cavities to the steadyincident P-wave . Having the aid of the mature cylinderfunction theory, the general solutions of the wave functionscan be given, and an infinite linear algebraic equations ofthe unknown coefficients in the wave functions can be gottenwith the boundary conditions and the Fourier complex seriesexpansion technology, the infinite linear algebraic equationscan be approximately solved by the finite trunction withsatisfying some definite precision, at the basis of thissolution of the equation, the variations and the lay-outs ofthe DSCF at the circular cavity boundary vs. the differentincident angles, the different embedded depths of thecircular cavity as well as the different dimensionless wavenumber of the incident P-wave.

为此，本文采用一个半径很大的圆孔来代替半空间的直边界，将该半空间问题转化为一无限大空间中两个圆孔对稳态P波的共同散射问题，借助于成熟的柱函数理论，通过写出问题波函数的一般形式解，利用问题的边界条件，并采用复数傅立叶级数展开技术将其化为一个仅包含问题波函数中未知系数的一无穷线性代数方程组，在满足一定计算精度的前提下，通过有限项截断进行近似求解，进而讨论了圆孔边界处的动应力集中系数随不同入射角、不同的圆孔掩埋深度、入射波的不同无量纲波数以及介质的泊松比变化和分布情况。

Strong vicinage effects are found in both the molecule self-energy and stopping power in the early stages of explosions, but they quickly diminish with the increasing dwell time in a manner which depends on the impact molecule speed and its axis orientation.

在库仑爆炸的早期，分子离子的总自能和总阻止本领都出现了很强的临近效应，但是在爆炸的过程中，临近效应很快就消失了，消失的时间依赖于分子离子的入射速度和分子中离子键方向与碳纳米管轴线之间的夹角。

The HEED, XRD, and XPS results confirmed the forming of intermetallic compounds between silver and rare earth. As far as silver and lanthanum be concerned, the format of intermetallic compound is AgLa.

由此，本文首次提出了稀土元素在稀土金属间化合物中的能量传递模型，认为稀土与银金属间化合物的4f能级位于费米能级附近下方，部分局域化且与导带部分耦合。4f能级与导带能级之间的电子跃迁是稀土元素在Ag-BaO薄膜中传递能量的方式，也是光电发射增强效应的来源，而4f电子的光吸收截面随入射光子能量的增加而增大的特点则是&蓝强&现象的原因。

Mathematical model was set up,on the basis of dynamics formulation,normal expanse of the target interface ,and supposed concrete medium was constringent material.

根据弹体动力学基本方程和假定混凝土为可压缩材料，基于弹靶接触表面处靶体材料的法向膨胀性，对跳弹现象进行理论分析，在合理假设的前提下，建立了跳弹现象的数学模型； 2）针对该模型编制计算机程序，在给定初始入射速度、入射角后可以判断出能否产生跳弹现象，输出产生跳弹现象时所对应的初始侵彻条件，并通过穷举法得出跳弹临界相图，对于斜侵入情况，能计算出弹体在不同侵彻阶段下的运行时间并能绘制出侵彻轨迹，结合现有的试验数据，进行对比分析，二者符合良好，证实了理论分析模型的合理性； 3）开展了跳弹现象的数值模拟研究。

Appear principle teacher to make such explanatory normally to adding those who show film when film ply is incident light when the 1/4 that grows in filmy medium wave, going up filmily, the road path difference of the reflex below is equal to half wavelengh fitly, offset each other consequently.

对于增透膜的增透原理老师通常作这样的解释当薄膜的厚度是入射光在薄膜中波长的1/4时，在薄膜的上、下面的反射光的路程差恰好等于半个波长，因而相互抵消。

In order to know irradiant dynamic process we must have excitation crosssection of electron collision with molecule. Incident electron energy is inintermediate range. At low energy, there are several good methods thatcalculate electron collision with molecule for example Variation, R-matrix.

此时入射电子的能量已经达到中能，在低能范围内的电子与分子散射有许多好的方法如变分法、R-矩阵方法，在高能范围内利用Born近似等方法也能得到满意的结果，在中等能量范围的电子与分子碰撞则没有相应的成熟的方法，使用比较多的是密耦(Closing-Couple)方法，这种方法将相互作用势分为静态势、交换势、极化势，在耦合态的选取上比较自由，可以根据实际的问题及分子的特性选取耦合作用比较强的通道，这样既能保证精度又能减少计算量。

Many nanotwins were formed in this triangular region. HREM observations showed that nanotwinning dislocations were nucleated at noncoherent twin boundaries with the local stress concentration, and the nucleation is related to the dislocation dissociations at the boundary ledges. The proceeding of these nanotwins is the homogenous shears of 1/6 [11〓] twinning dislocations, which is that the trailing 1/6 [112] twinning dislocations repel the leading twinning dislocations to proceed in the (111) planes. Therefore, twinning dislocations at the twin tip appear to be on one side of twin, forming a noncoherent twin boundary with a semilenticular shape.

在此三角区域内发现许多纳米孪晶的存在，通过高分辨电镜手段观察到纳米孪晶中的孪生位错是在具有原位应力集中的非共格入射孪晶界上形核的，纳米孪晶的形核与界面的台阶位错及其位错分解反应有关，纳米孪晶的行进是1/6[11〓]孪生位错均匀切变机制，即每一个（111）孪生面上对应一个孪生位错，其中拖尾的1/6[11〓]孪生位错将会推动领先的孪生位错行进，于是在形变孪晶头部位置的孪生位错排列常常出现在形变孪晶的一侧界面，形成一个半透镜状的非共格孪晶界。

With proper atomic coherence, the performance has the following advantages compared with that of the velocity selection of the ultracold two-level atoms by the micromaser: high resonant transmitted efficiency, low unresonant transmitted efficiency, and large velocity selection scale. The second part includes the fifth chapter.

原子透射几率只受到一种量子干涉效应的影响，其来源为V型的两个跃迁通道，因此Micromaser对入射超冷V型三能级原子束速度的选择性能深深地受到原子相干性的影响，我们发现选取适当的原子相干参数以及其它参数，速度选择性能可以达到很理想的状态：共振原子透射效率高、透射原子束的速度纯度好、速度选择范围大。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷