入射的

Simulation result of the experiment shows that unloading and recovery process of PTCS is not consistent with the local stress redistribution and concentration.It can be divided into four phases:1.local stress unloads first in the middle of PTCS;2. stress continues to unload near the incident bar.3.Stress continues to unload near the transmission bar,the first and second layer PT buckling rumple disappear;4.the whole PTCS vibrates elastically.

对具体冲击实验的数值模拟结果表明：相变柱壳的卸载恢复过程在柱壳结构中是不均匀的，伴随着壳体局部应力释放和局部应力集中，可以分为以下四个阶段：1、柱壳中部发生弯曲变形的壳体应力首先释放，2、靠近入射杆端的壳体应力继续释放，3、靠近透射杆端的壳体应力释放，第一层与第二层相变屈曲皱褶消失，4、柱壳整体弹性振动。

Secondly, we provide a two-level model to depict the one-, two-and three-photon fluorescent process and with it to calculate the one-, two-and three-photon fluorescence intensity dependence of the incident excitation intensity and time. We study the fluorescence intensity when excitation light's time distribution are square pulse、Gaussian pulse and sech pulse. We find that the influence of excitation light's time distribution on the two- and three- photon fluorescence peak intensity is larger than the one-photon fluorescence peak intensity. Two-level model can account for the behavior of saturation fluorescence.

然后用二能级模型解释了单、双、三光子激发原理，在理论上推导出了单、双、三光子吸收诱导荧光强度与脉冲强度以及脉冲作用时间的关系，并进一步研究了入射光时间分布分别为矩形、高斯型、双曲正割型时激发溶解在氯仿溶液中的C22H22N4O样品所产生的荧光峰值光强，结果表明激发光的时间分布对双、三光子荧光峰值强度的影响比对单光子的影响要大。

The effect caused by variation of distance between spectrometer and diffuse plane, angle from the light axis of the spectrometer′s entrance slit to the diffuse plane′s normal, distance between standard lamp and diffuse plane are analysed, and optimized conditions for spectral radiance calibration are obtained.

通过计算，对光谱仪与漫反射板的距离、光谱仪入射狭缝的光轴与漫反射板法线的夹角以及标准灯与漫反射板的距离等影响光谱仪标定的因素进行分析，得到了最佳的标定条件。

In allusion to the energy-concentrated property of LFM signal in the fractional Fourier domain, the data model of array matrix is constructed by the algorithm and the decorrelation ability is obtained by establishing a new Toeplitz matrix. After performing a spectrum peak research, DOA estimation of coherent wideband LFM signals is obtained.

针对分数阶傅里叶交换的谱峰聚集特点，该算法构造了分数阶傅里叶域的宽带LFM信号的阵列数据模型，在FRF域内利用Toeplitz矩阵重构特性，实现对相干信号的解相干，最后通过谱峰搜索完成入射信号的DOA估计。

Calculating with the data supplied by the soft X-ray station and from our observation, in the usual dedicated mode with multi-bucket in the storage ring the output of diamond detector should have an amplitude of order 2μV, assuming 500ps-wide, when injected by a homochromous light at 1keV with 1%BW. In the dedicated mode with single-bucket the peak power of the pulse light will be the largest, maybe an order larger than with multi-bucket.

我们根据软X光站提供的数据和实际观察结果推算，在常用的专用模式多束团运行时，如果以1keV能量处1％BW的单色光入射，金刚石探测器输出信号以500ps的半高宽计算，幅度应有2μV的量级；专用模式单束团运行时能达到最高的光脉冲峰值功率，可能比多束团大一个数量级。

The calculation takes into account the effects of grating period, noncollinear amplification geometry, crystal's length and pump intensity. The results show the grating period of PPLN and the noncollinear geometry has effects on the spectral bandwidth.

计算结果表明，参量带宽和增益带宽具有相似的特性，而且PPLN晶体的周期和非共线入射结构会对光参量放大的光谱带宽产生一定的影响，在同一波长处，通过调节晶体周期或非共线结构可以获得更大的带宽。

The conventional SHPB technique is improved by using a pulse shaper. Pulse shapers technique is used to modify the incident wave and decrease the effect of wave dispersion to ensure stress equilibrium and homogeneous deformation in specimen, and furthermore a constant strain rate is attained during the loading history. The lasting time of acceleration pulse is enhanced to numerable MSEL, which is more close to actual loading.

本文改进了传统的霍普金森压杆技术，采用波形整形技术，改变加载波形，获得了比较光滑的入射波，降低了波的弥散效应，保证实验时火工品试样中的应力平衡和均匀变形，得到了更接近常应变率的动态加载条件，使加速度脉冲持续时间t提高数倍，更加真实的反映了火工品实际加载环境。

We note that imaging dipping or curving interface is controlled by teleseismic azimuth, and receiver functions from different direction should be jointed to better resolve those complicated structures.

一个很重要的现象是，倾斜或弯曲界面的成像明显受控于远震的入射方向，其成像精度的提高有赖于不同方向接收函数的联合成像。

Finally, the parameters, such as density, thickness of porous media, thickness of steel of each material in air and porosity, pore size, thickness of porous materials, thickness of steel and incident angles in water were investigated and also the influence on the sound absorption and insulation were discussed.

最后，分别就空气中以及水中的材料参数，分门别类的观察其对吸音与隔音的影响。在空气中所讨论的参数，有多孔材密度、多孔材厚度、钢材厚度。在水中所讨论的参数，有多孔材孔隙率、孔隙尺寸、多孔材厚度、钢材厚度、声波入射角度。

The analysis on the numerical simulation results of the azimuth characteristics of the acoustic field generated by the transmitter showed that the acoustic energy generated by the phased arc array transmitter could radiate onto the sidewall of oil well in a certain azimuth range.

对模拟声场的方位特征进行的分析表明：相控圆弧阵声波辐射器产生的声波能量基本向某一周向角范围的井壁入射，进入地层的声波在一定周向角范围内传播。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷