入射

It is no surprise to find the NVA DF at the end of this competition. It is only single-coated, and its light transmission is specified as 75%, whereas a modern binocular like the Swarovski Habicht can pass between 90% and 95% of the incident light.

NVA DF排在最后并不令人惊讶，它是单层镀膜，它的透光率标注是75%，而现代望远镜如Habicht能通过入射光的90%——95%。

It is assumed that the object distance and the incident height of each lens do not change with temperature.

推导过程中假设物面位置不随温度发生变化，并且忽略分离薄透镜组中各组分上光线入射高度随温度的变化。

When used in the case of oblique incidence or large cone angle incidence, this filter reduces shift of central wavelength significantly while still maintaining its filter characteristics.

这种滤波器使用于斜入射光和大光锥角照明时，不仅中心波长移动显著减少，而且特性仍能保持良好。

A spatial distribution of diffuse reflectance produced by obliquely incident light is not centered about the point of light entry.

倾斜入射的光所产生的漫反射的空间分布，其中心与光的入射点存在一个偏差，这个偏差与组织的吸收系数和有效消光系数有直接的关系。

The calculation methods are presented for the reflection and transmission of ultrasonic waves incident from the fluid on to the arbitrary orientation interface of the general anisotropic solid. It is found that the reflection and transmission coefficients depend on, in general, the elastic parameters of the media, orientation of anisotropic solid surface and incident angle.

考虑到由流体斜入射到各向异性固体时超声波模式转换的一般情况，给出了超声在流体和各向异性固体任意取向界面上反射和折射问题的求解方法；超声反射和折射系数是媒质弹性参数、界面取向及入射角的函数。

Based on the structure of a non-tracking internal-concentrator solar PV-thermal tube collector and the absorber design requirements, the optical design for the compound parabolic concentrator with half cylinder absorber is proposed to improve the solar energy efficiency. Matlab software was used for the optimization and simulation of the concentrator curve and shape. The curve equation of concentrator for maximum incidence of light of the collector was obtained; and the installation locations for CPC/half cylinder absorber and the necessary CNC processing parameters were optimized.

针对非跟踪内聚光光电－光热复合管的结构及接收器的设计需求，对管内具有特殊形状的半圆柱接收器的复合抛物面聚光器进行了光学设计，并利用Matlab软件对聚光器曲线和形状进行了优化与数据仿真，得到了光热复合管能够得到最大入射光的聚光器的曲线方程、安装位置以及供数控机床加工所需的参数，给出了不同入射角的光线和光强分布图，提高了太阳能的利用率。

On the basic of NNLSE and the Poisson equation, using the Green function approach, we obtain the response function of the lead glass of finite-size, which is a strong nonlocal medium. Starting with the paraxial ray equation, we obtain the analytical solutions of the oscillation trajectory and period of the beam.

基于非局域非线性薛定谔方程以及热传导的泊松方程，采用格林函数法求出了强非局域介质铅玻璃的响应函数和临界功率；从光线方程出发得到了偏离材料中心入射的光束中心振荡轨迹以及周期的解析解。

The influence of paraxial incident Gaussian beam on the beam evolution in nonlocal nonlinear material.

偏离束腰入射对非局域非线性介质中高斯光束演化的影响。

Chapter 2: The vectorial properties of the paraxial beams propagating perpendicular to the optical axis of a uniaxially anisotropic crystal are investigated.

第二章：研究了垂直光轴入射的傍轴光束在单轴晶体中传输的矢量性质。

Based on continuous conditions of general displacements and stresses at interfaces of adjacent layers and given boundary conditions, the reflection and transmission coefficients of elastic wave were obtained by virtue of partial wave method and propagator matrix method.

以多层纯弹性结构为研究对象，验证本文提出方法的正确性，然后对弹性波在多层电磁弹性结构中的反射与透射特性进行了计算和分析，并讨论入射角、入射波频率和电磁边界条件对这些系数的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。