免疫系统

There is a type of immune infertility where the woman produces antibodies to her partner's sperm. It's a kind of isoimmunization. Another type of immuni infertility is autoimmunization where the man produces antibodies to his own sperm or the woman produces antibodies to her own ovum.

所谓精子的免疫，就是太太的免疫系统攻击先生的精子，这是属於同种免疫；当先生的免疫系统攻击自己的精子，或太太的免疫系统攻击自己的卵子，以上这两者就是属於自体免疫。

This is the website of the international ImMunoGeneTics information system, which is a high-quality integrated knowledge resource specializing in immunoglobulins, T cell receptors, major histocompatibility complex and related proteins of the immune system of human and other vertebrate species.

这是国际免疫遗传学信息系统的网站，它是一个高质量的综合资源信息系统，专门收集有关免疫遗传学、T细胞感受器、成人组织联合体相容性和人类及其他脊椎动物免疫系统的有关蛋白质等方面的信息。

Description: This is the website of the international ImMunoGeneTics information system, which is a high-quality integrated knowledge resource specializing in immunoglobulins, T cell receptors, major histocompatibility complex and related proteins of the immune system of human and other vertebrate species.

网站描述：这是国际免疫遗传学信息系统的网站，它是一个高质量的综合资源信息系统，专门收集有关免疫遗传学、T细胞感受器、成人组织联合体相容性和人类及其他脊椎动物免疫系统的有关蛋白质等方面的信息。

The fact that catching a cold gives the immunity to only the virus that lead the cold but not other virus can not substantiate that only through strength immure system can prevent from catching cold.

3， 作者说免疫系统可以战胜一些新病毒，可是没有说明免疫系统可以战胜所有新病毒，这说明免疫系统不是能预防所有类型病毒的感冒。

It includes four parts: 1 Part I, it introduces the basic knowledge of computer viruses such as computer virus definition, history and important viruses events, features, behavior phenomena, difference with computer software and hardware troubles, damage behavior and capability, classification, naming, future trend, etc; 2 Part II, it introduces the corresponding knowledge of computer systems related to computer viruses such as the composing of software and hardware of the computer system, storage media and its working mechanism, interrupt technologies,.com/.exe/.pe file formats and their working mechanism, etc; 3 Part III, it introduces computer virus mechanism and theory such as computer virus structure, work flow, working mechanism of key modules, typical technologies used to design computer viruses including the corresponding traditional technologies (interrupt filching, memory resident, etc.), the corresponding new routine technologies (self-encrypting, Mutation Engine, etc.), and the corresponding new technologies used by some prevalence computer viruses such as macro viruses, e-mail viruses, worm, hacker, Trojan, mobile phone viruses, the working mechanism analysis of some kinds of typical and prevalence computer viruses such as file-type viruses, macro viruses, e-mail viruses, worm viruses, hacker, Trojan, mobile phone viruses, the analysis of some typical and prevalence computer viruses examples including BALL viruses, WORD macro viruses, WantJob viruses, Code Red viruses, BO Trojan, etc; 4 Part IV, it introduces the defense and killing technologies of computer viruses such as the aim and criterion of computer viruses defense and killing, prevention methods and corresponding technologies, detection technologies (comparison method, character code scanning method, behavior inspecting method, analysis method, etc.), manual and automatic killing technologies, immunity technologies such as IBM digital immunity system, new anti-viruses technology trends (real-time anti-viruses technologies, 32 kernel technologies, active kernel technologies, etc.), some typical virus defense and killing softwares (Symantec AntiVirus product, PC-Cillin AntiVirus product, etc.), the defense and killing method analysis of some kinds of typical and prevalence computer viruses (file-type viruses, macro viruses, worm viruses, hacker, etc.), for example, firewall and intrusion detection technologies for anti-hacker, the defense and killing of some typical and prevalence computer viruses examples including WORD macro viruses, Code Red viruses, BO Trojan, etc.

课程内容具体包括四大部分：1）第一部分，介绍计算机病毒基本知识，包括：计算机病毒定义、病毒发展史及重大事件、病毒特点、病毒表现现象及与软硬件故障的区别、病毒破坏行为及危害性、病毒的传播途径及媒介、病毒分类、病毒的命名及计算机病毒技术发展趋势等内容；2）第二部分，介绍与计算机病毒有关的计算机系统相关知识，包括：计算机系统软硬件组成、存储介质结构及工作原理、计算机系统引导机理及流程、中断技术、。com/。exe/。pe等文件格式及工作机理等内容；3）第三部分，讲解计算机病毒机理，包括：计算机病毒的组成结构、病毒工作流程、病毒引导/触发/感染/破坏等模块的工作机理、计算机病毒所采取的编制技术（包括中断窃取/内存驻留等传统编制技术、自加密/隐形/变形机等新的常规编制技术、宏病毒/电子邮件病毒/网络蠕虫/特洛伊木马/黑客/手机病毒等一些新的流行病毒所采取的编制技术等）、一些类型的典型或流行计算机病毒的工作机理分析（包括：引导型病毒、文件型病毒、宏病毒、电子邮件病毒、蠕虫病毒、黑客、特洛伊木马、手机病毒等）、一些典型或流行的计算机病毒实例剖析（包括：小球病毒、WORD宏病毒、求职信病毒、红色代码病毒、冰河木马等）等内容；4）第四部分，讲解计算机病毒防治技术，包括：计算机病毒防治目的、病毒防治策略及规范、病毒在管理和技术上的预防措施、病毒检查技术（包括：比较法/病毒特征码扫描法/行为监测法/虚拟执行法/分析法等）、手工和自动病毒清杀技术、病毒免疫技术（包括：针对某种一次性感染病毒的基于病毒标签的免疫方法/基于自我完整性检查的计算机病毒免疫方法/IBM的数字免疫系统等）、反病毒技术的新发展（包括：实时反病毒技术/32位内核技术/主动内核技术/以毒攻毒技术等）、诺顿/趋势/金山等公司的病毒防治软件产品、一些类型的典型或流行的计算机病毒（包括：引导型病毒、文件型病毒、宏病毒、蠕虫病毒、电子邮件病毒、手机病毒、黑客、特洛伊木马）的防治措施（其中，也包括介绍面向防范黑客攻击的防火墙、入侵检测技术）、一些典型或流行的计算机病毒防治实例剖析（包括：WORD宏病毒、红色代码病毒、冰河木马v1.1/v2.2等）、多层次病毒防护体系等内容。

RESULTS:After pinealectomized mice was irradiated WBI with 75 mGy X-rays,we found levels of plasma corticosterone increased obviously,and the effects of the proliferative reaction of splenocytes to ConA and spontaneous proliferation of thymocytes was found to be decrease. But injecting melatonin into pinealectomized mice or putting melatonin in the cultured cell,its immune functions might renew the enhancement.CONCLUSION:Melatonin of pineal gland might regulate the immunoenhancement induced by low dose radiation.MeSH Pineal body; Melatonin; Radiation; Corticosterone; Immunity,cellular

低剂量辐射(low dose radiation，LDR)全身照射(whole body irradiation，WBI)可引起免疫系统的兴奋效应，主要表现在以T淋巴细胞功能激活为主的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的增强并可提高机体的抗瘤作用［4，5］，在LDR诱发免疫功能增强的同时伴有下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质系统功能下调等神经内分泌功能的改变，神经内分泌对免疫系统的调节可能是LDR免疫兴奋效应发生的必要条件，松果腺MLT与辐射免疫兴奋效应的关系值得研究。

The slow and constant HBV infection has distinct connection with the identification, responsion and endurance of HBV antigen by human immune systems.

HBV感染的慢性化和持续感染与免疫系统对HBV抗原的识别、应答和耐受明显相关，因此HBV特异性免疫应答对决定慢性乙肝病毒感染者的病程、病理和转归有极重要的意义，是什么因素导致了机体免疫系统一系列的免疫异常进而导致对HBV感染的持续无应答状态和疾病的慢性化过程？

After biology immunity mechanism is thoroughly analyzed, diploid immune algorithm is put forward based on the integration of biology immunity principle and biology genetic theory.

由于模拟生物免疫系统功能的免疫算法具有解决复杂工程问题的潜力，同时也存在容易陷入局部最优平衡态和进化后期搜索停滞不前的缺陷，在深入分析生物免疫系统机理之后，将生物免疫原理和生物遗传理论集成到免疫算法中，提出了双倍体免疫算法。

Construction of public emergency immune system.The emergency management agencies system and practices of typical countries are analyzed and compared,based on which a concept of biomimetic system for emergency management is put forth.Besides,the author studies the way to realize "activation" mechanism within the public emergency immune system.(3) Procedures of pre-emergency management.

2应急管理&免疫&系统建构分析了各国应急管理的组织机构设置和实务操作，并就此作了比较研究；在此基础上提出了应急管理&仿生&系统的概念，进而研究了应急管理&免疫&系统中&激活&机制的实现问题；最后借鉴用于生物免疫模拟仿真的&细胞自动机&，构建了突发公共卫生事件演化过程的(来源：ABC28论文网www.abclunwen.com)模拟模型框架。

One key feature of research on the avian immune system has been the seminal contributions it made on the key role of lymphocytes in adaptive immunity, graft-versus-host responses, deline ation of the two major lymphocyte lineages – B cells and T cells – and gene conversion for devel oping the immunoglobulin repertoire.

对禽类免疫系统的研究成功的揭示了淋巴细胞在适应性免疫、移植物抗宿主反应、两种主要淋巴细胞系的划分，以及与免疫球蛋白谱形成相关的基因转换中的关键作用。这一开创性的贡献是禽类免疫系统研究的一个重要特征。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。