免疫发生

On the morphological differentiation,by inducing of fetal calf serum,it wasshown that the cytotrophoblast cells underwent aggregation first,and the adjacentcytoplasm membranes became tightly contacted through desomosomes andcytoskeleton.Then the adjacent cytoplasm membranes disintegrated fragmentallyto form fusion pore-like structure.Finally the multinuclear cells formed and inwhich the intercellular desmosomes disappeared.Immunocytochemical stainingfurther demonstrated that the formation of syncytium was through cell membranefusion rather than the amitosis process.

细胞形态分化的研究结果表明：早孕胎盘来源的细胞滋养层细胞在血清诱导下，首先发生聚集，并通过桥粒和细胞骨架使相邻的细胞膜紧密接触；之后细胞膜发生片段断裂，形成融合孔样结构；细胞间桥粒消失，最终形成多核的合体细胞；免疫细胞化学分析进一步证实合体化是通过细胞膜融合而非无丝分裂（amitosis即细胞核分裂而细胞质不分裂）实现的。

For clinical research, its healing effects on acute ileus, acute pancreatitis, postoperative gastrointestinal disorder, delayed gastric emptying, gastrointestinal floating caused by mechanical ventilation as well as its influence on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome were reviewed; experimental research confirmed that Dachengqi decoction can enhance experimental rats' antibacterial capability, effectively regulate gastrointestinal motility and reduce antiperistalsis, promoting the recovery from digestive disorders.

临床研究阐述了其在治疗急性肠梗阻、急性胰腺炎、治疗术后胃肠功能障碍、治疗胃排空障碍，治疗机械通气所致胃肠胀气、对MODS的影响等六方面的研究及应用；实验研究证实了大承气汤可提高试验用小鼠的抗菌能力，并且可有效调节胃肠动力，减少胃肠逆蠕动的发生，从而促进消化障碍性疾病的康复，同时大承气汤可以有效防治内毒素血症和多器官功能损害的发生，并可提高严重创伤感染患者的免疫功能。

Objective:To investigate the immune function of Axilla lymph nodes which cancer cells metastasis and not metastasis in breast cancer.

目的：研究乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结发生癌转移和未发生癌转移时的免疫功能。

It may be one reason for immune escape of tumor cells that induces the development and metastasis of tumor.

这可能是肿瘤细胞发生免疫逃逸，从而导致肿瘤的发生或者转移的原因之一。

To investigate whether the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis is actually a temperature dependent event, in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to study the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in normal and cryptorchid testis. Results showed that heat would differentially hurt male germ cells in different developmental stages during spermatogenesis, especially the pachytene primary spermatocytes. Most of spermatogonia in contralateral cryptorchid testis were not harmed fatally by heat as yet, indicating that spermatogonia could resist to beat to a certain extent. In this case spermatogonia could develop to pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes, but they could not acquire the ability to complete the transition from mitosis to meiosis, and then appeared to go through apoptosis. Therefore, we could not find the descendants of meiosis: secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoon. The abdominal temperature had no significant influence on the transcription of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in the spermatogonia and pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes. In normal rabbit testis, cyclin B1 increased in the pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes before meiosis and reached its peak in the spermatids.

为了解精子正常发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1表达的低温依赖性，我们利用原位杂交和免疫组化等方法，研究了正常和隐睾精子发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1的转录和翻译调控活动，结果表明：（1）热对各阶段的雄性生殖细胞都有损害，粗线期的初级精母细胞尤为敏感，实验性隐睾内的精原细胞尚未完全受到"致命"影响，说明精原细胞对热有一定的耐受性，但即使成为粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞，却未能获得由有丝分裂过渡到减数分裂的能力，呈现不同程度的凋亡，所以在整个切片中找不到源自减数分裂的产物----次级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞，更谈不上长形精子细胞和精子的形成；（2）腹腔高温未明显地影响隐睾精原细胞和粗线期/双线期初级精母细胞中cyclinB1和cdc2的转录，说明高温并不是通过影响cyclin B1和cdc2的转录活动而导致生精过程阻断的；（3）正常兔睾丸组织中，〓在精原细胞和粗线期／双线期精母细胞中均有表达：cyclin B1蛋白在减数分裂前期的粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞中的表达量增加，于变态末期的精子细胞中达高峰。

Not only it impairs patients" genital health and Quality of life, but also is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, endometrial carcinoma, hyperlipemia, hyperpiesia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Up to now, precise pathogenesy of PCOS is yet unknown. The modern medicine indicates the etiopathogenisis of PCOS related to hereditism, endocrinology, immunology, metabolism and so on. The main features are hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia, the correlation and between the above factors and how they inference PCOS are still unclear. In the view point of Traditional Chinese Medicine ,PCOS classifies to "menopathy","infertility" and "Zhengjia , its occurrence exists a close relationship with dysfunction of liver, kidney, spleen and further inducing deficiency, sputum, sluggish stagnant and fire. Many scholars insist that pathogenesis of PCOS is a renal deficiency plus phlegmatic hygrosis. However, after many years clinical observation.

随着研究的不断深入，PCOS日益显示出其复杂性和重要性；他不仅影响到患者的生殖健康及生存质量，而且其异常的激素环境使该类患者对子宫内膜癌、高血压、高血脂及心脑血管意外等病发生危险明显增加；但目前该病的确切发病机制尚不十分清楚，现代医学认为其病因涉及到遗传、内分泌、免疫、代谢等多个方面，以高雄激素血症与高胰岛素血症为主要特征，二者在PCOS发病中的确切作用，目前尚不清楚；PCOS相当于祖国医学的"月经病""不孕""癥瘕"等范畴，本病的发生与肝、肾、脾功能失调导致虚、痰、瘀、火有关。

Locksley used this mouse model to show that the same immune process that occurs in response to a worm bite in the intestines also takes place following exposure to an allergen in the lungs.

洛克斯利运用该小鼠模型表现出在肠道内蠕虫咬后的反应中发生同样的免疫过程，在随后肺中接触该变应原也发生相同的情况。

The findings suggest that expression of HLA-G in tumors may be a wides pread phenomenon in tumor biology and this may permit tumors to escape from host immunosurveillance.

结果提示，HLA-G表达可能是肿瘤生物学中的普遍现象，生殖系统癌细胞在发生和发展过程中其基因表达有可能出现反分化现象，开始表达HLA-G，从而使癌细胞产生免疫耐受，逃逸宿主的免疫监视。

The enhancement of Immunity against diseases by oral administration of antibodies of avoid diarrhea have been reportes to be effective in prevening the infection of enterotoxic Escherichia coli and rotovirus. Suggestions have been made to fortify the immunity of young children by adding the immunoglobulins to the infant formula.

利用口服方式摄入免疫球蛋白以增强人体之免疫力已为多数学者所报导，研究发现可抑制肠毒型大肠杆菌与轮状病毒的感染，以避免下痢发生，建议在婴儿乳粉中添加免疫球蛋白以预防感染病菌。

This is another infectious agent that is becoming more frequent in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with AIDS.

另一感染性因素，更常发生于免疫缺陷病人，特别是有获得性免疫缺陷综合症的病人。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。