免疫发生

This study aims at tick vitellogenesis and its mechanism. Six hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibody against vitellin of the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis were produced by fusing myeloma cells (SP2/0) with spleen cells, both from BALB/c mouse which were immunized with the Vn. They were named as 1B5, 2A7, 2B8, 2F2, 3A1 and 3G1, respectively. Further identification indicated that 1B5, 2B8 and 2F2 were of the isotype IgGA, 2A7 was of the isotype IgG1, while 3A1 and 3G1 were of the isotype IgG2a.

为研究蜱类的卵黄发生及其机理，用长角血蜱Haemaphysalis longicornis卵黄蛋白(vitellin，Vn)免疫BALB/c小鼠，取免疫鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行融合，经3次克隆化筛选，获得6株能稳定分泌抗Vn的单克隆抗体，即1B5，2A7，2B8，2F2，3A1和3G1.1B5，2B8和2F2亚型为IgGA；2A7亚型为IgG1；3A1和3G1亚型为IgG2a.6株McAb均具有高度特异性，效价在1：105以上。

The diagnosis of histiocytic/dendritic cell sarcomas is currently based on morphology and the presence of immunophenotypic features of H/DC differentiation.

现在对组织细胞/树突状细胞肉瘤的诊断，都是依据形态特征和H/DC分化特征的免疫表型。H/DC肉瘤是否发生了克隆性免疫球蛋白受体基因的重排，此问题争论了几十年。

The nosogenesis in IgA nephropathy is concerned with heredity and functional disorder of immune system.

IgA肾病是一种免疫复合物性肾炎，其发生与遗传及机体免疫系统功能紊乱有关。

First, after contracting flu, has the complication risk high crowd, including 6 months to 5 year-old babies and infants; 60 year-old above old person; Contracts the chronic pulmonary tuberculosis, cardiovascular illness to get sick, the nephrosis, the liver disease, the nosohemia or the metabolic illness get sick the adult and the child; Has the immunosuppression condition adult and the child, including because of takes immunosuppression which the medicine or the AIDS virus infection cause; Contracts the adult who and the child for a long time nervous system illness gets sick (for example cognition barrier, spinal cord damage, epilepsy or other nerve muscle illness sickness and so on); Accepts the aspirin treatment for a long time child and young people (6 months to 18 years old); Lives for a long time in the home for the elderly, the sanatorium and other chronic illness sickness nursing organization personnel; Preparation female who is pregnant in flu season.

一是患流感后发生并发症风险较高的人群，包括6个月到5岁的婴幼儿；60岁以上的老人；患有慢性肺病、心血管疾病、肾病、肝病、血液病或代谢性疾病的成人和儿童；有免疫抑制状况的成人和儿童，包括因服用药物或艾滋病病毒感染而导致的免疫抑制；长期患有神经系统疾病的成人和儿童(如认知障碍、脊髓损伤、癫痫或其他神经肌肉疾病等)；长期接受阿司匹林治疗的儿童和青少年(6个月到18岁)；长期居住在敬老院、疗养院和其他慢性疾病护理机构的人员；准备在流感季节怀孕的女性。

Viral vector mainly contain adenovirus, retrovirus,adeno-associated virus and so on, but it has potential danger of safety; it isrepeled by immune system when it is injected to organism for a greatimmunogenicity. An injection with adenovirus vector with highconcentration, it leads to serious inflammatory reaction of liver. Viralvector such as liposome and polycation are commonly used lately. But,liposome and polycation have low specificness and targetness of genetransfer tissue, have lower transfection efficiency and short period ofgene expression, for they can be phagocytized by endothelial system.

许多的载体，病毒载体和非病毒载体以前已广泛应用，病毒载体主要包括腺病毒，逆转录病毒，腺相关病毒等；但病毒载体在安全性方面存在潜在的危险；免疫原性比较强，注射到机体后很快会被机体的免疫系统排斥，当静脉注射高浓度的腺病毒载体会使肝脏发生严重的炎症反应；非病毒载体目前常用的有脂质体及多聚阳离子聚合物；但脂质体和阳离子聚合物介导基因转移缺乏组织的特异性和靶向性，转染效率较低且易被网状内皮系统吞噬，基因表达时间短；因此研制新型的非病毒载体已成为研究的热点，纳米颗粒具有小尺寸效应，表面效应，随着颗粒直径变小，比表面积将会显著增大，故具有很高的化学活性，因而纳米成为了最有应用前景的非病毒载体。

Changes in IL-2/IL-2R system in 25 patients with thyrotoxic Graves disease and 20 eu-thyroids were investigated and compared with those of 15 normal controls. The thyrotoxic patients showed a high concentration of serum sIL-2R and a large amount of circulating IL-2R-α- cells but a decreased production of IL-2 by PBMC. However, these abnormalities had a tendency to become normal with improvement of the disease.

Graves病的发生是环境、遗传和免疫等多种因素综合作用的结果＊淋巴细胞的免疫调节异常是其中的一个重要原因，而白细胞介素-2（IL-2）及其受体在维持正常T细胞功能和兔疫调节方面发挥关键作用。

When an immune system malfunctions, it may lead to allergies or autoimmune diseases.

失调的免疫系统会导致过敏或自体免疫疾病的发生。

Results Following orchiectomy 7d,the amount of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the AP of the rat increased significantly, with the tortuous varicose fibers more densely distributed than that of NOR and the amount of varicosities increased significantly, while the thick fibers were more thicker than that of NOR,and many thin fibers were sent out from the thick fibers, and the varicosities were more larger.

结果 睾丸摘除7d后，大鼠垂体前叶CGRP免疫反应神经纤维发生了显著变化，表现为膨体型纤维较正常组稠密，分支增多，迂曲成片，盘绕成网，分布更加广泛，膨体数量显著增多；粗纤维较正常组粗，且发出许多迂曲盘绕的细纤维，膨体形态变大。t检验显示，OX组与NOR组垂体前叶内CGRP免疫反应神经纤维的平均面积密度差异显著，OX＋V与NOR组差异显著。

objective:to investigate the expression and significance of rb in the occurrence, development and regression of infantile hemangiomas.methods:the expression of rb was examined in the proliferative stage and catagen of human hemangiomas and normal skin tissues by using immunohistochemical technique.immunohistochemical technique for factorⅷ-related antigen was used to prove that the cells which expressed rb were endothelium.image analysis system was applied to measure the expression level of rb at different stages of hemangiomas and in normal skin tissues.results:the expression of rb was significantly lower in proliferating hemangiomas than that in involuting hemangomas(p.05).conclusion:rb might play an important role in the regression of human hemangioma endothelial cells and anti-angiogenesis.

目的：探讨rb蛋白在血管瘤发生、发展及退化过程中的表达状况及其意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学方法检测人皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织中rb的表达水平，并结合第ⅷ因子相关抗原的免疫组织化学染色证实表达rb的细胞是血管内皮细胞。利用计算机图像分析技术测量不同时期血管瘤组织和正常皮肤组织rb表达的积分光密度和面积。结果：增生期血管瘤内皮细胞rb表达水平低于退化期，差异有显著性（p.05），退化期血管瘤内皮细胞rb表达水平与正常皮肤组织相比，差异有显著性（p.05）。结论：rb通过抑制血管瘤内皮细胞增殖和血管生成而在血管瘤的退化过程中起重要作用。

Research determined that the immune systems of primates like mangabeys are not activated to such a high extent as the immune systems of the macaques when SIV infection occurs.

研究表明，当猴免疫缺陷病毒传染发生，白眉猴的免疫系统被激活的程度没有恒河猴的那么高。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。