免疫原性

The results show that: This tablet can decrease the rat"s footpad swell induced by Freud"s, inhibit the permeability of the blood capillary in inflammatory joint and decrease the 11-2 level in serum while increasing the rat"s body weight,(2) It can lower the rat"s temperature and the permeability of the blood capillary in inflammatory joint induced by collagen and inhibit the delayed type hypersensitivity,It can lower the stickiness of full blood and the accumulation of erythrocyte obviously inblood stasis model rats,lt can inhibit the formation of hemolysin and decrease the index of carbon granule clearance in mice, It can lower the permeability of celiac blood capillary and inhibit the granulomatous hyperplasia by sc cotton ,It can inhibit the pain induced by acetic acid and raise the pain threshold value of heat stimulation.

结果表明：关络通片能明显降低佐剂性关节炎大鼠左右足趾肿胀度，降低大鼠炎症关节的通透性，抑制其IL-2含量，对大鼠体重增长缓慢有一定的改善作用；能改善Ⅱ型胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠的表征指标及炎症关节的通透性，对其迟发型超敏反应有一定的抑制作用；对血瘀模型大鼠，能显著性降低其全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积；能抑制小鼠的溶血素抗体生成，抑制小鼠网状内皮系统的吞噬能力，具有一定的抑制机体免疫功能的作用，能抑制小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高，抑制大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生，具有一定的抗炎作用；能抑制小鼠醋酸扭体反应、提高小鼠热板痛阈值，具有一定的镇痛作用。

To investigate whether the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in spermatogenic cells during spermatogenesis is actually a temperature dependent event, in situ hybridization, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to study the expression of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in normal and cryptorchid testis. Results showed that heat would differentially hurt male germ cells in different developmental stages during spermatogenesis, especially the pachytene primary spermatocytes. Most of spermatogonia in contralateral cryptorchid testis were not harmed fatally by heat as yet, indicating that spermatogonia could resist to beat to a certain extent. In this case spermatogonia could develop to pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes, but they could not acquire the ability to complete the transition from mitosis to meiosis, and then appeared to go through apoptosis. Therefore, we could not find the descendants of meiosis: secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoon. The abdominal temperature had no significant influence on the transcription of cdc2 and cyclin B1 in the spermatogonia and pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes. In normal rabbit testis, cyclin B1 increased in the pachytene/diplotene primary spermatocytes before meiosis and reached its peak in the spermatids.

为了解精子正常发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1表达的低温依赖性，我们利用原位杂交和免疫组化等方法，研究了正常和隐睾精子发生过程中cdc2和cyclin B1的转录和翻译调控活动，结果表明：（1）热对各阶段的雄性生殖细胞都有损害，粗线期的初级精母细胞尤为敏感，实验性隐睾内的精原细胞尚未完全受到"致命"影响，说明精原细胞对热有一定的耐受性，但即使成为粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞，却未能获得由有丝分裂过渡到减数分裂的能力，呈现不同程度的凋亡，所以在整个切片中找不到源自减数分裂的产物----次级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞，更谈不上长形精子细胞和精子的形成；（2）腹腔高温未明显地影响隐睾精原细胞和粗线期/双线期初级精母细胞中cyclinB1和cdc2的转录，说明高温并不是通过影响cyclin B1和cdc2的转录活动而导致生精过程阻断的；（3）正常兔睾丸组织中，〓在精原细胞和粗线期／双线期精母细胞中均有表达：cyclin B1蛋白在减数分裂前期的粗线期／双线期初级精母细胞中的表达量增加，于变态末期的精子细胞中达高峰。

This paper provided a statistical analysis of 2000 patients with allergicdiseases in Xi'an and the surrounding area.The results of the analysis show-edg:(1) the incidence of the allergic disease had little difference be-tween male and female, while it was higher in youth and children; respi-ratory allergy, skin allergy, and pollinosis were main types of the disea-ses;(2)the positive ratio of the skin tests of atopic inhalant allergenswas 66.4%,among which, mite, pollen, mold and house dust were high...

本文分析西安及其周围地区2000例变态反应病的情况，结果表明：两性发病率基本相同；青年期和儿童期为好发病期；过敏性呼吸道疾病、皮肤疾病及花粉症是主要发病类型；特异性吸入性过敏原皮试阳性率为66.4%，其中螨、花粉、霉菌的阳性率最高，室尘次之，是本地区过敏性疾病的主要过敏原；采用免疫治疗总有效率为90.15%，非特异性免疫调节治疗可增加免疫治疗效果。

Results Same as hyaline cartilage, the calcified cartilage was stained light flavo-green and weak double refraction by the Picrosirius-polarization method. In the immunohistochemistry analysis of collagen Ⅱ protein, the calcified cartilage was stained strong green fluorescence and the collagen protein parallelled in joint surface near the tidemark. The content of collagen Ⅱ protein was (20.16%±0.96%) of tissue dry weight by amino acid analysis, and that of the hydroxyapatite was (65.09%±2.31%) of the inorganic composition in calcified cartilage.

结果 天狼猩红染色见钙化软骨层与透明软骨层一样黄绿色淡染、弱双折光性；Ⅱ型胶原蛋白免疫组织化学分析，钙化软骨层呈强绿色荧光，潮线附近的胶原蛋白呈板层平行分布；氨基酸定量分析钙化软骨层Ⅱ型胶原蛋白含量占组织干质量的（20.16%〖KG-*4〗±0.96%）；X-射线衍射定量分析钙化软骨层中的羟基磷灰石含量占无机成分的（65.09%±2.31%）。

Primary cultured chondrocytes are poly-angle, cytoplasm-rich, and their nuclei are either round or oval with clear necleole. Metachromatic and alcian blue positive staining in primary cultured chondrocytes was observed. Intercellular matrix was anti-collagen type Ⅱ staining but not anti-collagen type Ⅰ staining by IHC assay.

原代培养软骨细胞呈多角型，胞质丰富，胞核成圆形或椭圆型，核仁清楚，甲苯胺蓝呈异染性，阿尔新蓝8Gx 染色阳性，细胞外基质Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性，Ⅰ型胶原染色阴性。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

A 46-year-old man presented with a gradually growing nodule on the left dorsal foot, which had been present for over 10 years. In the beginning, the lesion was treated as a keloid. Because of poor response to treatment, biopsy was arranged. Sections showed a dermal tumor composed of numerous foamy cells, hyalinized wiry collagen, spindle cells and entrapped collagen. The foamy cells were positive for KP1(CD68) and negative for S-100 protein and HMB-45. The histological and immunohistochemical results were consistent with the diagnosis of lipidized fibrous histiocytoma.

一位46岁男性从十年前开始於左足背上出现一个逐渐长大之结节，一开始被当作蟹足肿给予治疗，因为对治疗的反应不好，故安排了切片检查，病理显示一个由大量泡沫状细胞，坚硬而透明之胶原纤维，梭状细胞，胶原纤维束所构成的真皮肿瘤，免疫组织化学染色显示KP1(CD68)阳性，S-100 protein与HMB45阴性，综合病理与免疫组织化学染色结果，诊断为脂肪性纤维组织细胞瘤。

Abstract］ Objective For the purpose of scientific evaluation and improvement on unreasonable parameter of viral inactivation,the dynamics curve of time corresponding to effect by given viral inactivation factor treated to blood plasma product were analyzed.Methods Aimed at vesicular stomatitis virus, sindbis virus, human immunodeficiency virus, polioviruses, pseudorabies virus,encephalon-yocarditis virus; validate data of viral inactivated on pasteurization of albumin, human rabies immunoglobulin with pH 4, human immunoglobulin and human hepatitis B immunoglobulin for intravenous injection with pH 4/pasteurization,treatment on human fibrinogen and human coagulation factor Ⅷ with solvent/detergent and vapor heating at 100 ℃30 min were systemic regularized respectively.The mean and standard deviation also coefficient of variation for virus survival titer in different time were stated, dynamics curve of virus inactivation were made and analyzed.

目的 分析血液制品特定灭活因子的时效动力学曲线，科学性地评价与改进不合理的病毒灭活参方法系统性整理针对水疱性口炎病毒、黄热病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、伪狂犬病毒、脑心肌炎病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒，人血白蛋白采用巴氏消毒法，狂犬病人免疫球蛋白采用低pH常温孵放法，静注人免疫球蛋白、静注人乙肝免疫球蛋白采用低pH/巴氏消毒法；人纤维蛋白原、人凝血因子Ⅷ采用有机溶剂/去污剂与干热法灭活病毒的验证资料，统计3批样品取样点的残余病毒滴度均值、标准差与变异系数，制作灭活病毒动力曲线图并进行分析。

Abstract］ objective for the purpose of scientific evaluation and improvement on unreasonable parameter of viral inactivation,the dynamics curve of time corresponding to effect by given viral inactivation factor treated to blood plasma product were analyzed.methods aimed at vesicular stomatitis virus, sindbis virus, human immunodeficiency virus, polioviruses, pseudorabies virus,encephalon-yocarditis virus; validate data of viral inactivated on pasteurization of albumin, human rabies immunoglobulin with ph 4, human immunoglobulin and human hepatitis b immunoglobulin for intravenous injection with ph 4/pasteurization,treatment on human fibrinogen and human coagulation factor ⅷ with solvent/detergent and vapor heating at 100 ℃30 min were systemic regularized respectively.the mean and standard deviation also coefficient of variation for virus survival titer in different time were stated, dynamics curve of virus inactivation were made and analyzed.results human albumin pasteurization inactivated vsv and sindbis virus,hrig low ph inactivated vsv and sindbis virus,hrig low ph inactivated hiv virus,ivig low ph/pasteurization inactivated hiv virus,ivig low ph inactivated hiv virus,hbig low ph/pasteurization inactivated vsv,sindbis and polio virus.conclusion suggestion about improvement on unreasonable parameter and standard of virus inactivation is made,cultivate target virus directly from final product by appropriate cell or method to monitoring viral safety of blood plasma product is advanced.

目的 分析血液制品特定灭活因子的时效动力学曲线，科学性地评价与改进不合理的病毒灭活参数。方法系统性整理针对水疱性口炎病毒、黄热病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、伪狂犬病毒、脑心肌炎病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒，人血白蛋白采用巴氏消毒法，狂犬病人免疫球蛋白采用低ph常温孵放法，静注人免疫球蛋白、静注人乙肝免疫球蛋白采用低ph/巴氏消毒法；人纤维蛋白原、人凝血因子ⅷ采用有机溶剂/去污剂与干热法灭活病毒的验证资料，统计3批样品多个取样点的残余病毒滴度均值、标准差与变异系数，制作灭活病毒动力曲线图并进行分析。结果人血白蛋白巴氏灭活vsv与sindbis病毒，hrig低ph灭活vsv和sindbis病毒，hrig低ph灭活hiv病毒，ivig低ph/巴氏灭活hiv病毒，ivig低ph灭活hiv病毒，hbig低ph/巴氏灭活vsv、sindbis与polio病毒。结论建议改进病毒灭活验证标准与不合理的灭活参数；采用终产品样品通过合适细胞或方法直接培养目标病毒来有效监测血液制品的病毒安全性。

Methods Aimed at vesicular stomatitis virus, sindbis virus, human immunodeficiency virus, polioviruses, pseudorabies virus,encephalon-yocarditis virus; validate data of viral inactivated on pasteurization of albumin, human rabies immunoglobulin with pH 4, human immunoglobulin and human hepatitis B immunoglobulin for intravenous injection with pH 4/pasteurization,treatment on human fibrinogen and human coagulation factor Ⅷ with solvent/detergent and vapor heating at 100 ℃30 min were systemic regularized respectively.The mean and standard deviation also coefficient of variation for virus survival titer in different time were stated, dynamics curve of virus inactivation were made and analyzed.

系统性整理针对水疱性口炎病毒、黄热病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、伪狂犬病毒、脑心肌炎病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒，人血白蛋白采用巴氏消毒法，狂犬病人免疫球蛋白采用低pH常温孵放法，静注人免疫球蛋白、静注人乙肝免疫球蛋白采用低pH/巴氏消毒法；人纤维蛋白原、人凝血因子Ⅷ采用有机溶剂/去污剂与干热法灭活病毒的验证资料，统计3批样品多个取样点的残余病毒滴度均值、标准差与变异系数，制作灭活病毒动力曲线图并进行分析。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。