免疫

Routine detecting techniquefor cell immunity such as white blood count and differential, lymphocyte blastogenesis test has beenused, and combine with flow cell technology to detect the level of cell immunization after advancedimmunization at several important aspect, and tracking experiments to observe changes in the numberof the WBC and lymphocytes, lymphocyte proliferation, the dynamic changes of CD4~+ and CD8~+lymphocyte subsets andγ-IFN; and detected dynamic changes rules of IgG, IgM in humor andmucosa with indirect ELISA, then compare with ordinary immunization methods.

主要采用白细胞计数和分类计数、淋巴细胞转化试验等常规细胞免疫检测技术结合先进的流式细胞技术从细胞免疫的几个重要方面入手检测猪瘟超前免疫后细胞免疫的水平，并进行跟踪试验，观察其白细胞、淋巴细胞数目变化情况，淋巴细胞增殖情况，CD~(4+)和CD~(8+)淋巴细胞亚群及γ-IFN的动态变化规律；同时通过间接ELISA方法检测体液和黏膜中各IgG、IgM的动态变化规律，同时与普通免疫方法进行比较。

Levels of the antibody in the cattle re-vaccinated on days 15 and 60 post-PI were higher than that in the primarily-immunized cattle,the cattle belonging to protection range of 50% made up 56.3% and 63.1%, and the cattle belonging to protection range of 100% made up 34.3% and 29.5%,respectively.

结果，首免后第15d加强免疫牛和第60d加强免疫牛抗体水平较高，50%保护牛所占比例分别为56.3％和63.1％，完全受保护的牛所占比例分别为34.3％和29.5％。第60d加强免疫牛的保护率要高于第15d加强免疫牛和一次免疫牛的保护率。

Results The serum antibody level reached to 0.71±0.08-0.77±0.06 after genetic vaccine pCD-HCV1(100 μg/mouse) were inoculated into the mice(n=12) three or four times while blank vector pCD-SRα1 could not induce the mice(n=8) to generate antibody response in same way.After the antibody levels in mice(n=8) immunized by pCD-HCV1 had ascended to peak value(0.71), there was no trend of descending during the following 18 weeks of detection(0.68±0.06-0.75±0.07). Specific fragment of HCV cDNA identified by polymerase chain reaction from DNA extracted from the muscles of the mice after pCD-HCV1 had beed inoculated three months.

结果 基因疫苗pCD-HCV1(100 μg/只)3-4次接种小鼠后(n=12)，血清抗体水平达0.71±0.08-0.77±0.06，空载体pCD-SRα1免疫鼠血清抗体阴性；免疫鼠(n=8)抗体水平达高峰后(0.71)，持续检测18周未见下降趋势(0.68±0.06-0.75±0.07)；pCD-HCV1免疫小鼠3个月后，用聚合酶链反应仍可从肌肉组织中扩增出特异性HCV cDNA片段；免疫鼠PBMC对HCV合成肽CP9、基因重组抗原C、E1刺激后均出现增殖反应，刺激指数分别为4.07±1.58、3.88±0.70和3.69±1.30，与pCD-SRα1免疫鼠相比，差异有显著性(P.001)。

Gelsemium total alkaloids improved some blood and immune function of mice when it less than 0.30mg/kg body weight, but more than 1.5mg/kg body weight, the gelsemium total alkaloids can reduced some blood and immune function of mice; below the dose of 3%, GEB"s power can improve some blood and immune function of broilers, but GEB"s power can reduce some blood and immune function of broilers above the dose of 6%.

结论是：钩吻对小鼠和肉鸡的血液学及免疫功能的影响均存在着剂量差别，钩吻总碱稀释液在0.30mg／kg剂量以下，能够提高小鼠的某些血液指标与免疫功能(p＜0.05)，而在1.5mg／kg以上，则降低小鼠的某些血液指标与免疫功能(p＜0.05)；3％以下的钩吻干粉能够提高肉鸡的某些血液指标与免疫功能，而6％以上的钩吻干粉则降低某些血液指标与免疫功能。

Immune function is a essential activity of white blood cells. It was puzzled for the diversity and complexity of immune response. Polarized immune response of immune cells was discovered 30 years ago, which facilitates the study on differentiation of lymphocyte. Recently recognition on multifunctional polarized immune response of lymphocyte and monocyte/macrophage would promote to elucidate the regulatory network of immune cells, diversity and complexity of immune response as well as the study on hemopoiesis.

免疫功能是白细胞的主要功能，免疫反应的多样性和复杂性令人困惑。30年前发现的免疫细胞的功能性极化促进了对淋巴细胞分化的研究，近年来对淋巴细胞、单核／巨噬细胞功能多极化的研究为阐明免疫细胞的调控网络奠定了基础，为阐明免疫反应的多样性和复杂性提供了线索，也为深入研究造血细胞的分化拓展了思路。

Altogether, these data suggest that recombinant plasmid BCSP31/pVAX1 is a good immunogen for the production of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice and would be a better candidate for use in the future studies of vaccination against brucellosis.

研制的BCSP31/pVAX1重组表达质粒免疫BALB/c小鼠能产生高水平的特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫，以细胞免疫为主，并产生有效的免疫保护效果，为布氏杆菌病新型疫苗的研究奠定了基础。

The number of chickens in each group is 16 for SPF chicken At 4 weeks of age, chickens were eye-drop immunized with the recommended dose of commercial IBV vaccine, or vaccinated intradermally via wing with 5×106 PFU rFPV-IBVS1 or 5×106 PFU S-FPV-017. Four weeks after vaccination, chickens in all groups were challenged by bronchitis injection with a lethal dose (0.2ml 8.5EID50/0.1ml) of IBV XJ3 strain After challenge, chickens immunized with rFPV-IBVS1 and commercial IBV vaccine were all protected from death; the result indicated that rFPV-IBVS1 can protect chickens from the infection of IBV.

攻毒后的结果显示所有含rFPV-IBVS1免疫组的SPF鸡均100%保护而免于死亡；IBV弱毒疫苗免疫的SPF鸡也获100%保护，免疫以后的抗体跟踪检测证明rFPV-IBVS1诱导的抗IBV抗体水平低于IBV弱毒疫苗免疫组；攻毒后进行的IBV分离和PCR检测结果表明IBV弱毒疫苗免疫的SPF鸡能够更好地阻止攻击强毒的感染。

Results showed that casein could be completely removed of by adjusting pH 4.6 and centrifuging at 1100g.β-lactoglobulin was absorbed by the cation-exchange resin eluented by phosphate buffer. Through limiting the quantity of acid whey, the purity concentration percent of immunoglobulin was above 80% determined by SDS-PAGE. The ratio of activity of immunoglobulin losing decreased in simulated pepsin and the residual immunoglobulin content percentage was about 80% in 60 minutes.

实验结果表明：调节脱脂牛初乳pH=4.6采用1100g低速离心即可达到完全去除酪蛋白的良好效果；利用含有磷酸根基团的缓冲液处理阳离子树脂柱会专一吸附酸性乳清中的β—乳球蛋白，达到分离乳清中免疫球蛋白与β—乳球蛋白的良好效果，控制乳清样品处理量可使免疫球蛋白纯度达到80%以上；微胶囊化的免疫球蛋白可以延缓胃液对免疫球蛋白的消化分解，减缓免疫球蛋白活性损失速率，在60分钟内仍可保留80%的活性。

BALB/c mice were co-inoculated muscularly by this plasmid and the nucleic acid vaccine plasmid pVAXGE expressing the HIV-1 (Human immunodeficiency virus type I) gag-gp120 protein. The level of serum antibodies after immunization showed that the specific antibodies against HIV-1 appeared at the second week and raised to the peak level at the sixth week for the co-immunization group.

将它与表达I型人免疫缺陷病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus 1， HIV-1) gag-gp120的核酸疫苗质粒pVAXGE共同肌肉注射BALB/c小鼠，免疫3次后，以ELISA法检测免疫小鼠血清中抗HIV-1抗体水平，结果显示联合免疫组小鼠在免疫2周后已有抗体产生，6周后进入高峰。

objective the aim of this study is to investigate the expression and the distribution of the nerve growth factor during the period of neural tube development of human embryo.method early development of neural tube was studied in human embryos about 35 gestational days by using immunocytochemical abc technique.result there were ngf immuno-positive substances in the cytoplasm and nuclei of neuroepithelial cells in the ventricular zones of neural tube.in the intermediate zone of neural tube,ngf immunoreactivity was detected in the nuclei of some neurons,or the processes of other neurons which contained no ngf-immunoreactive substances in their nuclei;the expression pattern of ngf in the marginal zone of neural tube was similar to that of the intermediate zone.the density of ngf-immunorecative particles was higher on the rostrum side of neural tube than on the caudal side.the ngf immuno-positive cells were also observed among the somites of embryo under the neural tube.conclusion these results suggest that ngf was an important signal molecule to induce neural tube differentiation,and that ngf may play a significant role in regulation of the biological function of neurons in developing neural tube.

目的 研究捷安肽素的抗真菌作用机理。方法采用形态学方法和同位素标记法。显微形态观察经捷安肽素处理后的供试真菌的形态学变化。进一步采用14c同位素标记的特异底物&尿苷二磷酸-（14c）-葡萄糖&示踪，研究捷安肽素对真菌(1，3)-β-d-葡聚糖合成酶活性反应的影响。结果研究神经生长因子在早期人胚神经管发育过程中的定位表达。方法采用免疫细胞化学 abc法染色，研究35天人胚的发育情况。结果在人胚神经管的室管带中，神经元的细胞质和细胞核ngf免疫反应阳性；在中间带，一部分神经元的细胞核ngf免疫反应阳性，另外一部分神经元的细胞核ngf免疫反应阴性，而其突起ngf免疫反应阳性；在边缘带ngf的表达与中间带相似。在神经管的头侧ngf阳性反应较强，神经管的尾侧ngf阳性反应较弱。结论 ngf在人胚神经管免疫反应阳性，表明ngf可能是诱导神经管分化发育的重要信号分子，提示ngf可能在人胚神经管的发育中具有十分重要的作用。神经生长因子；人胚；神经管；发育

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。