免疫

Abstract］ To investigate the mechanism of reception and transmission of immune molecules in vagus, the expression of IL-1 receptor type Ⅰ in nodose ganglion and vagal paraganglion was studied by using immunohistochemistry.

摘要］ 为研究迷走神经感受和传递免疫信息的机制，用免疫组织化学方法研究了IL-1Ⅰ型受体在正常和免疫激活的大鼠结状神经节和迷走旁节中的表达。

METHODS: A total of 264 chronic HBVinfected patients were enrolled in our study, and were divided into lowlevel HBsAg group(147 cases) and highlevel HBsAg group(117 cases) based on the HBsAg level or were divided into immune tolerance stage, immune clearance stage and nonactive stage based on the natural history. Realtime PCR and microparticle enzyme immunoassay were used to determine the content of HBV DNA and HBV M in serum samples of highlevel and lowlevel HBsAg patients, respectively, then the quantitative results were compared.

对264例慢性HBV感染者的HBsAg浓度(高浓度HBsAg组、低浓度HBsAg组)及自然史(免疫耐受期、免疫清除期、非活动期)进行分组，采用实时荧光聚合酶链反应和微粒子酶免疫试验对147例低浓度HBsA组和117例高浓度HBsAg组的血清标本进行HBV DNA和HBV M的定量测定并进行比较。

Starting with the same number of resistant and nonresistant mosquitoes, they found that after nine generations the resistant type made up 70 percent of the population -- raising the possibility of replacing regular mosquitoes with resistant ones that don't spread disease.

实验开始时放置相同数量的免疫的和未免疫的蚊子，他们发现在繁殖九代之后，未免疫的占据了蚊子总数量的70％――这提升了用不传播疾病蚊子来取代传播疾病蚊子的可能性。

Malaria infection does exact a toll on mosquitoes and in laboratory work they found that the resistant insects were able to outcompete nonresistant mosquitoes.

疟疾免疫在蚊子身上极其有效，并且在试验中他们发现免疫的蚊子能够在与未免疫蚊子的竞争中处于优势。

Microbial infections of eye such as microbial keratitis, ocular onchocerciasis, bacterial endophthalmitis, viral retinitis and infectious uveitis are unfortunately common.

Toll样受体是自身免疫的关键受体，它参与宿主对致病微生物的识别和防御等感染免疫过程，也与人体的获得性免疫密切相关，是目前免疫学研究的重点和热点。

Serum and Ig in serum of the three sturgeons can react with serum of rabbit anti each of the three sturgeons' Ig, but cannot react with serum of rabbit anti Ig of carp Cyprynus carpio. The Ouchterlony results show that Ig of sturgeons are immune homologous in structure and sequence, but have little immune homologous characters compared with Ig of high-classification Osteichthyes such as carp.

免疫沉淀反应的结果显示，3种鲟鱼的血清及其Ig与相互之间的兔抗Ig血清有免疫沉淀反应，但与兔抗鲤Ig血清无免疫沉淀反应，这表明3种鲟科鱼类的Ig在结构和序列上是较为相似的，而与鲤鱼等高等硬骨鱼类的Ig存在较大的差别。

The whole immune enhancement of bacterial DNA adjuvants was weaker than aluminium oxyhydrogen adjuvant, but bacterial DNA adjuvants could induce Th1 immune response in vivo, activate immune cells to kill pathogenic microbe.

细菌DNA佐剂的整体免疫增强作用弱于氢氧化铝佐剂，但其能在体内诱导Th1型免疫应答，使IgG2a/IgG1比值上升，激活免疫细胞杀灭病原体。

Challenge was made after one month of immunization by vein. Re sults:The parasitemia of recombinant virus immunized monkey was 0.0 1%in first tw o days of post-challenge. No parasites were determined from third to 12th day. W hereas the parasitemia of control virus immunized-monkey and blank control monk ey rose progressively,went to 2.5%～6.0% at 6th～8th days of post-challenge, an d the t ime of parasitemia was 12～13 days.

结果： 在免疫后1个月攻虫，重组痘苗病毒免疫猴从第3天一直到第12 d的采血检查中均未发现疟原虫；非重组痘苗病毒免疫猴第3天后原虫感染率上升，第6天原虫感染率最高达到6.0%，而后原虫感染率逐渐下降，原虫持续时间为13天；空白对照猴第3天后原虫感染率也上升，第8天原虫感染率最高达到2.5%，而后原虫感染率逐渐下降，原虫持续出现时间为12 d。

The blood IgG and IgA level of new soldiers is significantly lower than that of control,But the IgM level is higher than that of control.Conclusion It suggest that old soldiers' paratroop stress is normal,the high stress can be lessen by training.

新兵在跳伞应激状态下免疫功能受抑制，但老兵免疫能力没有下降，某些免疫指标还有增高，表明老兵跳伞应激的反应是适度的，严重的跳伞应激可通过多次的训练而得以减轻。

TheDNA vaccine can effectively stimulate the organism to produce persistent humoral immunity andcellular immunologic response. Meanwhile, using a DNA vaccine dose not interfere with the allergydetection of bovine paratuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis.

由于DNA疫苗能有效地刺激机体产生持久的体液免疫和细胞免疫应答，同时，DNA疫苗免疫后，不干扰副结核病和牛结核病的变态反应检测。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷