免疫

There is a type of immune infertility where the woman produces antibodies to her partner's sperm. It's a kind of isoimmunization. Another type of immuni infertility is autoimmunization where the man produces antibodies to his own sperm or the woman produces antibodies to her own ovum.

所谓精子的免疫，就是太太的免疫系统攻击先生的精子，这是属於同种免疫；当先生的免疫系统攻击自己的精子，或太太的免疫系统攻击自己的卵子，以上这两者就是属於自体免疫。

At present, Chinas main method control classical swine fever is vaccine injection, that artificialactive immunization, As for it is no final conclusion that the difference of domestic CSF immuneeffects with advanced immunization and ordinary routine immunization. And it will take enormousmanpower and resources for farms to take advanced immunization, and there is a possibility of certainanaphylactic response. It is not easy extensive, the immune programme of each hoggery is difference.

目前我国防治猪瘟主要采取注射猪瘟疫苗的人工主动免疫方法，由于国内对猪瘟超前免疫和普通常规免疫两种方法在免疫效果上的差别没有定论，且养殖场采取超前免疫措施需要大量的人力及物力，且存在一定的过敏反应，不容易广泛开展，因此各个养猪场所采取的猪瘟免疫程序各不相同。

We used Aeromonas hydrophila which we separated from the diseased Paralichthys olivaceus to made a inactivated whole cell bacterin .We injected this vaccine in the mice and the Paralichthys olivaceus .Both the mice and the Paralichthys olivaceus gained a good protection of 80% and 70%.The fish with dipping immersion gained a good protection of 85%,and the incidence of disease was 6%.We detected the antibody level in the antiserum by agglutination reaction and indirect ELISA which seemed to be immunogenic crucially.We anatomized the mice then we found that all the purtenance of the immunzied mice are healty.All of this proved that the vaccine is effective.

本实验将所分离到的嗜水气单胞菌用终浓度为0.2%~0.5%的甲醛对菌体进行灭活，制备了灭活疫苗，并优化灭活疫苗的灭活条件；将制备的灭活疫苗分别注射小鼠和牙鲆，均取得了较为理想的效果，其中小鼠的免疫保护率达到80%，牙鲆的免疫保护率达到70%；采用渗透压差法大规模浸泡免疫牙鲆也取得了很好的效果，浸泡免疫过的牙鲆发病率仅为6%，攻毒后免疫保护率为85%；通过应用间接ELISA方法检测受免动物的抗血清，并将牙鲆的抗血清注射新西兰白兔，从而获得兔抗鱼血清，更便于检测，结果都表明动物体内产生了较高的抗体水平；剖检攻毒后的动物，发现免疫过的动物内脏健康无异样，表明该疫苗安全有效，从而为防治牙鲆腹水症开辟了一条新途径，也为进一步制备其基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。

A series of indexes reflecting free radical changes, anti-oxidations, Immune function, endocrine function was studied by Chemiluminescence method, immunoturbidimetry, ANAE dye method, micro-hemagglutination inhibition test and radio immunoassay in the chicken with encephalomalicia induced by giving the feed being deficient in VE and extra fish oil artificially. The pathological changes including microscopic and ultramicroscopic changes in the relative organs and tissues were observed.

本实验以一日龄150只海兰兰蛋鸡为实验动物，用低维生素E且添加鱼油日粮饲喂雏鸡，复制脑软化症动物模型，采用化学发光法、免疫浊度测定法、酸性α-醋酸萘脂酶染色法、微量血凝抑制试验、放射免疫测定技术等方法系统地检测了脑软化雏鸡的自由基代谢和抗氧化功能、红细胞免疫功能、细胞免疫功能、体液免疫功能及非特异性免疫功能等指标，并对患雏病理组织进行了显微及超微结构观察。

To evaluate the efficacy of the recombinant fowlpox virus vaccine against the heterotype IBV, the chickens were challenged with the homotype IBV LX4 strain and the heterotype IBV LTJ95I strain after three weeks post vaccination. Antibodies against IBV were detected in vaccinated chickens one week post inoculation. The CD4+ T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood increased rapidly in all groups challenged with IBV, except for the vaccinated group challenged by heterotype strain and the low level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes remained until end of the experiment. In all the groups, a high level of CD8+ T-lymphocytes only was observed in the vaccinated group after challenging with IBVhomotype strain. The morbidity and the mortality of this group were 21.43 % and 0 %, respectively, which showed significant difference with other groups. In addition, the lesions of chickens and virus shedding were less in the vaccinated group challenged by IBV homotype strain comparing with other groups, but there was no difference for the average body weight of chickens in all groups.

结果显示，重组疫苗接种1周后，免疫鸡产生抗IBV的抗体；而且外周血中CD4+和CD8+ T淋巴细胞的含量略高于非免疫对照组；攻毒后，异源强毒株攻毒的免疫组CD4+ T淋巴细胞呈下降趋势，并且该组低水平CD4+的状态一直持续到试验结束，而其他组CD4+ T淋巴细胞均迅速上升，峰值达到14.5 %；同源强毒株攻毒的免疫组CD8+ T淋巴细胞呈高水平的表达，而其他组攻毒后均无明显变化；保护率结果显示，同源强毒株攻毒免疫组的发病率和死亡率为21.43 %和0 %，与其他各组相比均有显著差异；另外同源强毒株攻毒的免疫组病理损伤与异源强毒株攻毒的试验组相比明显减轻，其排毒时间和排毒量也均有所减少；强毒攻毒后所有试验组体重无显著差异。

Pioneering work by Cohen and coworkers about T cell vaccination in the experimental autoimmune disease, has showed that the establishment of immune response against T cell vaccine, such as anti-idiotype T cells or anti -idiotype antibody, by the way of the upregulation of immune networks, and subsequently functional depression of autoimmune to self-antigen were made by vaccining mice or rate with the attenuated autoreactive T cells .

从研究TCV在防治自身免疫性疾病中的作用机制表明，人为的TCV免疫，建立了拮抗T细胞的免疫应答，使免疫网络产生上调作用，抑制了原有的或即将出现的相关T细胞的功能，由此推测，是否能够把同种反应性T细胞作为TCV，来建立抗同种免疫反应的内环境，诱导抗原特异性的同种免疫耐受或免疫低反应性。

Chronicity maybe result from many factors with complex mechanism.HCV may evade the host immune surveillance due to the hypermutation of HCV gene; HCV has the nature of pantropic,the tissues outside liver can provide virus for repeatedly infection of liver; The HCV receptors,such as CD81,LDL receptor,scavenger receptor B type I,L-SIGN,DC-SIGN and so on,may influence organism humoral immunity and the cellular immunity function in different degrees; HCV infection also may cause the reduction of quantity of organism immune cell or functional defect,low response of humoral immune response,tolerance of cellular immunity,then,the host finally transforms into chronic infection condition.

其慢性化的机制非常复杂，是由多个因素造成的，HCV因其基因高变性可以逃避宿主的免疫监视；HCV具有泛嗜性，肝外组织又可为肝组织的反复感染提供病毒来源；CD81、LDL受体、清道夫受体B类Ⅰ型及L-SIGN、DC-SIGN等HCV受体又可不同程度地影响机体的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能；HCV感染亦可直接导致机体免疫细胞数量减少或功能缺陷，体液免疫应答水平低下、细胞免疫耐受，宿主最终转变为慢性感染状态。

In peripheral blood,〓increases, so cause 〓 balance is broken, and 〓 which can induce inflammatory reaction increases obviously too; meanwhile, there are immuno- function change in the red cells, the RBC-〓 receptor rosette promoting rate of serum decrease, indicate this uveitic animal model have both cellular immunity dysfunction induced by T cells and the changes of RBC immuno-function. The analysis of the local and systemic immuno-function changes of uveitic animal model offers objective theoretical bases for combining the local treatment and the systemic treatment.

葡萄膜炎兔房水中房水中〓及IL-2均升高，病变葡萄膜组织中T细胞表面分化抗原的免疫组化检查显示大量阳性细胞，表明兔葡萄膜组织本身存在着免疫功能亢进所导致的病理改变，而外周血中〓增高，导致〓平衡失调，介导炎症反应的〓亦明显增高，同时伴有红细胞免疫功能改变，外周血中RBC-〓受体花环率及血清中RBC-〓受体花环促进率均降低，显示葡萄膜炎兔本身既存在T细胞介导的细胞免疫反应功能紊乱，也存在红细胞免疫功能改变，这种局部和全身的免疫功能改变分析为葡萄膜炎的治疗局部和全身相结合提供了客观的理论依据。

The objective was to determine the effects of active immunization of T-3-BSA in Rom cockerels, 400 cockerels were divided into 4 groups, group 1,2 and 3 were treated with T-3-BSA on different dose(0.2,0.4,0.8mg/mI respectively),within each group,there were 5 treatments following different vaccination schedules, group 4 served as controls. Every injection of immunogen was conducted on different sites around the neck, and the datas were measured at week 11,15,19, combs,wattles,body weight,serum T concentration,carass traits and testicular development and histology were studied in order to find out the most reasonable vaccination schedule and the most possible mechanism in the H-P-G axis of T.

本试验测定了睾酮—3—牛血清白蛋白(T-3-BSA)主动免疫对公鸡性腺与冠垂发育及雄激素水平的影响。400只罗曼蛋用雏公鸡除随机取25只作对照组外，另375只随机分成3大组，每大组125只再随机分成5小组，每小组25只，3大组分别使用0.2mg/ml、0.4mg/ml和0.8mg/ml的T-3-BSA免疫注射，每大组的①②③小组分别于3、6、9周龄免疫注射，④小组于3周龄首次免疫，6周龄加强免疫，⑤小组于3周龄首次免疫，9周龄加强免疫。

After biology immunity mechanism is thoroughly analyzed, diploid immune algorithm is put forward based on the integration of biology immunity principle and biology genetic theory.

由于模拟生物免疫系统功能的免疫算法具有解决复杂工程问题的潜力，同时也存在容易陷入局部最优平衡态和进化后期搜索停滞不前的缺陷，在深入分析生物免疫系统机理之后，将生物免疫原理和生物遗传理论集成到免疫算法中，提出了双倍体免疫算法。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。