光纤

The traditional transformer online monitoring system generally adopts oxygen carrier gas, chromatographic column. And the equipment is not simple with many shortages such as periodic calibration of chromatography column and sensor, low reliability of equipments and overelaborate detection procedure of gas composition.

由于变压器传统的在线监测系统一般采用色谱柱，需要消耗氧气和载气，而且色谱柱和传感器需定期标定，装置可靠性不高，检测气体成分过程繁琐，因此第6章根据比尔-朗伯特(Beer-Lambert)定律，按照光纤气体差分吸收的原理，设计了一套基于光纤气体传感器的变压器在线监测系统。

In this thesis, the propagation properties of TIR-PCF were discussed reasonedly with effective index model and the classical electromagnetic theory.

本文应用有效折射率模型，利用传统阶跃光纤的经典电磁理论，对全内反射光子晶体光纤的传输特性和结构参数的设计作了详细的研究。

One side, the endlessly single-mode property was illuminated, and the relation between V value and the structure parameter and wavelength has been given. On the other hand, the dispersion property of TIR-PCF was discussed reasonedly.

一方面，对光子晶体光纤的无尽单模特性进行了较详细研究，得到了归一化频率与结构参数以及光波波长的关系，为研制实际应用的光子晶体光纤提供了参考。

In an optical transmit-receive module, an optical fiber plug connected with an optical fiber for optical transmission is removably inserted in a housing.

一种光传输－接收模块，其中和用于光学传输的光纤连接的光纤插塞可活动地插入在壳体内。

A long period fiber grating is a band rejection fiber device with periodical retractive index modulation formed along the axis of the fiber core.

长周期光纤光栅是在光纤纤芯中沿轴向形成折射率周期性调制的带阻型光纤器件。

Based on the mechanism of the fiber Bragg grating's cross-sensitivity to temperature and strain, a new fiber Bragg grating superficial bonded strain sensor with temperature compensation and strain sensibilization was designed and fabricated.

在分析光纤Bragg光栅的温度应变交叉敏感机理的基础上，设计并制作了一种新型的具有温度补偿和应变增敏效果的光纤Bragg光栅表面粘贴式应变传感器。

Presented the settle means of Fiber Bragg Grating sensor's cross-talking problem or simultaneously measu- ring of temperature and strain. Introduced some main problems of Fiber Bragg Grating senso- rs that needed to be solved when it's applied in practical use.

提供了光纤光栅传感器在温度和应变测量中交叉敏感问题的解决办法，介绍了光纤光栅传感器在实际应用中需要解决的几个主要问题。

The thesis based on Yellow River Diversion Project. Through the research of the existing design of the supervising system of Yellow River Diversion Project, this passage pointed out some problems hard to be dealt with as follows:(1) Owing to the dispersion of control points and remote transfers of data, it cost a lot to construct the network of the supervising system and it was hard to implement the construction.(2) The connection mode of network needed to be taken into acount. Once the configuration of network changed or the nodes increased, the supervising system needed to be reconfigured.(3) Owing to the tanglesome physical communication line, the man-made communication error happened frequently.(4) When the communication malfunction occured, it needed various engineers to check and repair the fault.(5) It cost a lot to operate and maintain the supervising system.

本文以世界银行援建项目&Yellow River Diversion Project&(引黄入晋工程，编号：0015-K81062)为背景，在对引黄入晋工程的远程监控系统进行研究分析的过程中，指出了该系统在目前采用的有线光纤和有线电缆通讯技术下难以处理的一些问题：(1)由于监控点分散且传输距离较远，有线光纤和有线电缆的网络建设成本很高，实施困难；(2)需要考虑节点之间的连接形式，一旦网络结构发生变化或节点需要扩充，监控系统便需要调整，耗费大量的人力物力；(3)由于系统庞大，通讯的物理线路较为繁乱，在建设和维护阶段容易出现人为触碰等引起的通讯故障；(4)在出现通讯故障时，需要多方人员配合进行故障检测，不仅耗费人力和物力，且不利于故障排除；(5)运行和维护成本较高，需要很多运行维护人员进行大量繁杂的工作。

Using an optical fiber whose transmission loss depends in a linear way on temperature, a thermometric system can be designed that will allow direct measurement of the temperature averaged along the length ...

利用光纤的传输损耗取决于直线方式，对温度，测温系统，可设计，这将使直接测量温度的平均值沿长度的纤维。本文介绍了这种系统可用来测试的可行性，采用稀土掺杂光纤的实际分布测量的平均温度。

I.! y P,{7 v: R; O0 D INTRODUCTIONIn most of the previous studies like [1-3], the effect of SRS in DWDM fiber opticsystems has been treated under various assumptions like undepleted pump approximation, wavelength independent fiber loss coefficient, triangular approximation of Raman gainprofile, negligible loss of energy whenever a short wavelength photon is transformed into a long wavelength photon (i.e., l i / l k ~ 1), equal power loading in all the wavelength channels and equal channel spacing.

P _ W/ I 在以往的绝大多数研究中，如[1-3]，人们都认为， SRS 在 DWDM 光纤系统中的影响是在诸多假设，如未衰减泵近似值，波长依赖光纤损耗系数，喇曼增益表的三角近似值，当短波光子被转变为长波光子时(i.e。， l i / l k ~ 1可忽略不计的能量损耗，各波长通道均等的动力负载以及均等的信道的频率间隔。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。