光电

By using Monte-Carlo simulation and empirical equation, the sensitivity of a CdWO4-photodiode detector under the radiation of 9MeV LINAC, 6MeV LINAC and 60Co source was estimated and compared with the measurement data.

分析了由CdWO4晶体耦合光电二极管所组成的探测器单元探测灵敏度的决定因素，采用蒙－卡计算、经验估算等对其在高能加速器和60Co源下的探测灵敏度进行了估算，并和测量值进行比较。

The performance of device is dependent on the concentration of TiO2-nanotubes,appropriate concentration of TiO2-nanotubes can connect moles of C60 which afford more direct band pathway for carrier transport especially electron transport.

实验表明，TiO2纳米管的加入增强了器件的光伏特性，并且随着TiO2纳米管混合比例的提高，器件的电加热管短路光电流和光电转换效率也相应的提高了。

The error source of CMM is complex, and the current main research is its geometric error. In the paper, 21 items of geometric error are measured accurately, simply and fast with the 2-D laser interferometer and four quadrants photo detector. The measurement gets rid of measuring so many lines and several diagonal lines in linear displacement method, and also solves the question that error measure of large-scale CMM can not be measured with 1-D ball array and ball plate conveniently.

坐标测量机的误差源纷繁复杂，当前主要研究的是其几何误差，课题中研究了一种采用二维激光干涉仪和四象限光电探测器相结合的测量方法，对三坐标测量机的21项几何误差进行了准确、简便、快速的测量，摆脱了线位移法测量直线过多且包含多条对角线测量的弊端，同时也解决了一维球列和球板不方便检测的大型测量机的误差检测问题。

It uses a macro laser sensor based on optical-electronic triangulation method to get diametric size, and uses grating linear transducer and scanning sensor composed of laser diode and photo-diode to get axial size of the work-piece to be measured.

它利用基于光学三角法的激光位移传感器获得轴类零件的径向尺寸，利用半导体激光器与光电二极管组成的扫描式发讯传感器和光栅传感器的组合获得轴向尺寸。

On the base of the single-diameter laser-scanned measuring technology, a double direction laser-scanned measuring system is presented. Which combinate the laser-scanned measuring technology with special optical system. In the system, the collimation semiconductor laser-scanned beam scanning two perpendiculars direct of one plane of the measured workpiece at the same time is made. The beams with the dimension information of two perpendiculars direct are processed by the scanning receive system, the high-speed photoelectric transition and electronic data process. Two measured results of the diametric directs and ellipse tolerance,etc, parameter, of the turning workpiece on the same plane are obtained by non-contact automatic measurement. The problem of non-contact measurement of two perpendiculars direct of one plane of turning workpiece is settled. It processes many peculiarities, such as high speed, high accuracy and non-contact automatic measurement, etc.

在单向激光扫描检测技术的基础之上，提出了一种双向激光扫描检测系统，其采用激光扫描检测技术与特殊光学系统相结合，用准直半导体激光扫描光束对被测工件径向某一截面的两个相互垂直方向同时扫描，经扫描接收光学系统、高速光电变换、电子学系统和微机数据处理系统，对将携带有垂直方向被测量信息的光束进行处理，实现了回转体工件同一截面两个垂直方向的径向尺寸和椭圆度等参数的非接触自动测量，解决了同时非接触测量回转体零件同一截面两个径向尺寸的难题，它具有高速，高精度和非接触自动测量等特点。

In the system , the collimation semiconductor laser - scanned beam scanning two perpendiculars direct of one plane of the measured workpiece at the same time is made . the beams with the dimension information of two perpendiculars direct are processed by the scanning receive system , the high - speed photoelectric transition and electronic data process . two measured results of the diametric directs and ellipse tolerance , etc , parameter , of the turning workpiece on the same plane are obtained by non - contact automatic measurement

在单向激光扫描检测技术的基础之上，提出了一种双向激光扫描检测系统，其采用激光扫描检测技术与特殊光学系统相结合，用准直半导体激光扫描光束对被测工件径向某一截面的两个相互垂直方向同时扫描，经扫描接收光学系统、高速光电变换、电子学系统和微机数据处理系统，对将携带有垂直方向被测量信息的光束进行处理，实现了回转体工件同一截面两个垂直方向的径向尺寸和椭圆度等参数的非接触自动测量，解决了同时非接触测量回转体零件同一截面两个径向尺寸的难题，它具有高速，高精度和非接触自动测量等特点。

In this paper,a method of digital difference but not analogy difference was used.

目前，电机中应用的主要是分辨率比较高的光电编码器。

A photodiode current is amplified and converted into a differential voltage.A common-gate topology is adopted to reduce input resistance.

前置放大器将光电二极管产生的电流信号放大并转换为差分电压信号。

One is based on the photoelectricity diffusibility reflection theory. In this method, an expensive photoelectricity sensor is laid closely with the signatures which are lightened by red LEDs. It will be judged by the analog reflection value from the detected area whether the signature is good or not. The other method uses the complex electronic image processing technology to identify some content in the signature.

一是采用光电扩散反射原理，利用特制的光传感器，在和书帖密切接触的情况下，以红色LED作为投光源照射书帖，根据检查区域内的反射光的强弱模拟量大小进行判别；二是使用复杂的电子图像识别技术，针对书帖中部分内容作图像识别。

Based on DRF-II direct reading rotary ferrography ,the quantitative testing methods were proposed to measure lubricating oil ferrography quantitative testing,lubricating oil quality testing and oil stain diffusibility testing.

在自行研制开发的DRF-II型直读式旋转铁谱仪的基础上，提出了利用光电传感器对包括斑点、油质、旋转谱片等进行测试的在用润滑油定量测试方法，并在机械设备的磨损状态检测中进行了试验应用研究。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。