光束

The nonlinear Goos-Hanchen shift of a reflection light beam and the refraction angle of a transmission light beam can all be changed by adjusting the power of the incident light beam.

同时发现反射光束的非线性古斯-汉辰平移量及透射光束的折射角都可以通过适当改变入射光束的功率来调整。

The integral area for calculating the beam width by using the definition of generalized second-order moments is selected to ensure the energy in the angular domain more than 75% of the total beam energy and the measurement method and steps still follow the relevant ISO standards. The generalized M2 factor of truncated Gaussian beam has been measured. The experimental results for different truncated parameters have been compared with the theoretical results, showing the validness of the method proposed.

在利用广义强度二阶矩计算光束束宽时，以积分角谱范围能够包含光束总能量的75%以上作为积分范围的选取标准，并遵循现有的国际标准化组织规定的测量步骤和方法对截断高斯光束的广义M2因子进行了测量，并将不同截断参量时的实验结果与理论计算结果进行了比较，证明了该方法的正确性。

In this paper, the propagation and focus properties for several modes describing hollow beam are analyzed, and the focus properties for hollow gaussian mode are particularly discussed. Furthermore, a new mode, high-order Bessel-Gauss mode, is put forward to describe hollow beams. The results for high order Bessel-Gauss beams propagating through lens focusing system and free space are derived by terms of Collins integral formula.

本文分析了几种描述空心光束数学模型的传输特性和聚焦特性，着重讨论了描述非中空光束的数学模型的聚焦特性；同时提出了一种描述完全中空的空心光束的新模型――高阶贝赛耳高斯模型，并且运用Collins积分公式，分析了这种新模型的空心光束的传输特性和聚焦特性。

The result indicates that the output power oscillates and weakens along with increasing input power,and its oscillation period depends on the distance between the medium and beam focal point.Limiter′s limiting ability will decrease if waist size of the incident Gaussian beam and the aperture size increase.With a fixed input power scope,medium′s best limiting position will move towards the focal point if waist size of Gaussian beam and the aperture size increase,but the best limiting position will change a lot with different input power scopes.

结果表明：限幅器的出射功率随入射功率的增加衰减振荡，其振荡周期取决于介质相对于光束焦点的位置；限幅器的限幅能力随入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径的变大而减弱；入射功率范围固定，入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径增大时，介质的最佳限幅位置向入射光束的焦点靠近，但是在某些入射功率范围内会存在多个最佳限幅位置；光限幅器的箝位输出功率随光阑线性透过率的增加存在线性增加和非线性增加两个不同区域，实际应用中应在线性增加区域确定光阑孔径的大小。

The light source directs rays through a plane convex lens that focuses the light into a parallel beam. The light beam passes through the grid diaphragm, which splits it to produce a second beam of light 90° out of phase.

光源将光线照射到平凸透镜上，透镜将光线聚焦成平行光束，光束穿过光栅膜片，光栅将光束分离出第二根90度异相光束。

Focusing properties of elegant cosh square Gaussian and Sinh square Gaussian beams through a thin lens are studied in detail. And intensity distribution on the axis and focusing intensity distribution are analyzed. Also focal shift of Sinh square Gaussian beams are studied.

详细研究了复宗量双曲余弦平方-高斯光束和双曲正弦平方-高斯光束通过薄透镜时的聚焦特性，分析了光束的轴上光强分布和聚焦场的光强分布，讨论了双曲正弦平方-高斯光束的焦移。

And this paper also shows the structure and parameters of the optical system. The Xenon light of super high voltage is used as interferential source. The position of it is on the focus of the reflector of ellipsoid surface. After reflecting, its lights form a collective point . This point and objective focus of collimation lens are superposition. Though the collimation lens, the beam of light become parallel lights. Then though the Coude Reflector and radiation system of special prism, the lights become a beam of light with 3 ° emanative angle.

该光学系统选用超高压氙灯作光源，使其位于椭球面反射镜的一个焦点上，发出的光线经椭球面反射后所形成的汇聚点与准直负透镜组的物方焦点重合，光束经准直系统后变为平行光束，此平行光束再经库德反射镜和特殊发散棱镜系统，形成具有3°发散角的发散光束，用来干扰敌方设备。

This study used the pick-up head from the commercial DVD-ROM as the basis for optical path, and drilled a 2mm hole on the focusing object lens. After combined with the design of a beams plitter, the laser beam source of the two DVD formed two in-line laser beams. One laser beam passed through the undrilled part, and focused on the surface of the object to be tested, in order to measure the displacement variance of the surface.

於三自由光学测探头的研制上，则将DVD 探头之聚焦物镜做一2mm 的穿孔，於搭配一分光镜的设计后，使个DVD 的光源形成同轴光束，将其中ㄧ光束经由聚焦物镜未穿孔部分，聚焦於待测物表面，用以测待测物表面的位移变化，另一光束则穿透过聚焦物镜穿孔部分，直接将光束投射至待测物表面，作为待测物表面之个角的变化测。

In chapter 3, characteristic paraments, focusing structure were discussed, the processing of double cell for phase conjugation was analyzed. Designing criteria of double cell phase conjugation mirror was given out. All phase aberrations could be compensated by using phase conjugation theoretically, but compensation is only effective to phase aberration of uniform polarizing state, it is not effective to aberration by thermally induced depolarization an diffractive effecting by aperture.

在第三章，我们讨论了SBS介质的特性参数，相位共轭镜的聚焦结构，分析了双池相位共轭镜的相互作用过程，给出了相位共轭镜的设计原则；从理论上讲相位共轭技术可以完全补偿热畸变以及因各种光学不均匀性造成的光束畸变，但是相位共轭技术只对偏振态均匀的相位畸变造成的光束畸变起补偿作用，而对由于热致双折射效应造成的退偏以及光束通过硬边光阑时的衍射效应造成的光束畸变无能为力。

In the first part of this thesis, I will give a general description to synchrotron radiation source and beamline design; and then the comparison to the difference in the designs of hard X ray and soft X ray beamline is given; some detailed features on hard X ray beamline design is also discussed especially in this part.

本文第一部分对同步辐射光源特点及光束线设计作了概述，并对硬X光束线与软X光束线的设计特点作了比较，这一部分中还着重讨论了硬X光束线的不同设计路线。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。