光度计的

To evaluate the specificity of the PCR, genomic DNA of Theileria annulata,Babesia bovis,Toxoplasma gondii,Leishmania donovani and standard strain of N. caninum were used as a template in the PCR. For determining the detection limit of amplification procedure, PCR was run on a dilution series of genomic DNA from N. caninum（1.562 5-200 ng/ml）. Brain tissue samples of 32 aborted fetuses were detected by PCR-based assay, and 23 blood samples from mothers were tested by ELISA. Results The amplified DNA fragment （350 bp）had a high identity of 98% with the Nc-5 gene sequence of N.

以环形泰勒虫、牛巴贝斯虫、刚地弓形虫、杜氏利什曼原虫以及犬新孢子虫标准株DNA为模板进行扩增以验证PCR的特异性，采用紫外分光光度计测定犬新孢子虫标准株DNA浓度和纯度，取高纯度的DNA样品用灭菌水稀释，分别取不同量的DNA进行PCR扩增，确定PCR方法的敏感性；利用该方法对32份奶牛流产的胎牛脑组织样品进行检测，同时，对其中23份流产的母牛血样进行ELISA血清学检测，以评价犬新孢子虫PCR方法的检测效果。

Regular porosity in about 38 nanometer size was observed using atomic force microscopy. Excitation and Emission spectrum were obtained by using F-4500 fluorometer.

用F-4500型荧光分光光度计测量其三维荧光谱，与未经氧化的铝片作对比，发现前者的激发谱在280 nm~340 nm有一个较宽的谱带，并且在253.8 nm附近有一个肩峰，发射谱有一个以417.4 nm为峰值的较宽谱带，而后者却无任何明显的发射峰和激发峰。

Based on the different permeability of DNA-intercalant dyes YO-PRO-1 and propidium iodide to the membrane of viable, apoptotic and necrotic cells, cell samples were stained with 4μmol/L YP and 4μg/ml PI for 10 min, and the fluorescence intensity of both YP and PI were measured by fluorometer at Ex/Em wavelength of 485/538nm and 530/590nm, respectively.

根据正常细胞、凋亡细胞和坏死细胞的细胞膜对核酸荧光染料的不同选择通透性，用4μmol/LYO-PRO-1和4μg/ml碘化丙啶(Propidiumiodide，PI)染色96孔板中的细胞样品。分别在485/538和530/590的检测波长下借助荧光分光光度计检测细胞样品孔的YP和PI荧光强度。

In this paper the thymus DNA of calf and the pBs plasmid are the main objects of our studies in ultraweak luminescence. By means of PIAS(Photon-counting image acquisition), ultraweak luminescence detector and Lambda Bio 40 of UV/VIS spectrophotometer, we studied the UL of DNA induced by the three oxygen free radicals: singlet oxygen Oa, hydroxy radical and superoxide anion(O2 ). We found that the OH can greatly increase the UL intensity of DNA.

本论文以小牛胸腺DNA和质粒pBs为实验材料，利用光子图像探测系统(Photon-counting image acquistion，PIAS)、微弱发光测量仪和UV／VIS分光光度计和生物统计学的成组比较法原理对单线态氧(~1O_2)、羟自由基、超氧阴离子(O_2~-)三种氧自由基诱导DNA超弱发光的变化过程进行了研究，结果发现这三种氧自由基中·OH能诱导DNA的超弱发光发生显著的增强变化，而其他两种氧自由基对DNA的超弱发光并无显著诱导作用。

The distribution of Na(superscript +) in intracellular and extracellular spaces in leaves of arrowleaf saltbush subjected to salt stresses was investigated by using a scanning electron microscope facilitated with an Auger electron spectrometer. The role of salt bladders in salt resistance of A. triangularis was analysed in terms of salt accumulation and secretion.

用扫描电镜和能谱仪测定不同浓度NaCl胁迫2 wk后的三角滨藜幼叶和成熟叶中Na在细胞外和细胞内的分布情况，并利用原子吸收分光光度计测定叶片中Na的积累量，同时还观测了盐囊泡及其与盐的积累、分泌之间的关系。

The distribution of Na^＋ in iutracellular and extracellular spaces in leaves of arrowleaf saltbush subjected to salt stresses was investigated by using a scanning electron microscope facilitated with an Auger electron spectrometer. The role of salt bladders in salt resistance ofA. triangularis was analysed in terms of salt accumulation and secretion.

用扫描电镜和能谱仪测定不同浓度NaCl胁迫2wk后的三角滨藜幼叶和成熟叶中Na^＋在细胞外和细胞内的分布情况，并利用原子吸收分光光度计测定叶片中Na^＋的积累量，同时还观测了盐囊泡及其与盐的积累、分泌之间的关系。

Methods: Eighty mice were randomly divided into high, middle, and low dosage groups which were orally given 1.5 g/kg, 0.75 g/kg, 0. 375 g/kg of ant powder respectively, twice a day for 10 days. A blank control group was set up which was given water instead. Body weight, thymus weight and spleen weight were measured. Thymus indexes and spleen index were calculated. Neutrophil phagocytose rate, Ea and Et rosette formation rate of T lymphocytes, and hemolysin titre were detected. QHS values were achieved with spleen cell mediated sheep red cell spectrophotometer quantitative assay.

根据黑蚂蚁的用药量将小鼠分成高、中、低剂量及空白对照组，黑蚂蚁粉给药量按小鼠体重1.5g/kg、0.75g/kg、0.375g/kg计算，连续10d灌胃给药后，测定各组小鼠的体重、胸腺和脾脏重量，计算胸脾指数；检测中性粒细胞的吞噬率、T淋巴细胞E花环形成率及小鼠的溶血素效价和脾细胞介导的羊红细胞分光光度计定量测定法。

A blank control group was set up which was given water instead. Body weight, thymus weight and spleen weight were measured. Thymus indexes and spleen index were calculated. Neutrophil phagocytose rate, Ea and Et rosette formation rate of T lymphocytes, and hemolysin titre were detected. QHS values were achieved with spleen cell mediated sheep red cell spectrophotometer quantitative assay.

根据黑蚂蚁的用药量将小鼠分成高、中、低剂量及空白对照组，黑蚂蚁粉给药量按小鼠体重1.5 g/kg、0.75 g/kg、0.375 g/kg计算，连续10 d灌胃给药后，测定各组小鼠的体重、胸腺和脾脏重量，计算胸脾指数；检测中性粒细胞的吞噬率、T淋巴细胞E花环形成率及小鼠的溶血素效价和脾细胞介导的羊红细胞分光光度计定量测定法。

Finally, the properties of the drug-loaded SN have been evaluated with the help of UV spectrophotometer, and with the small molecular and water insoluble drug-sulpiride as a model drug. It is found that the entrapping efficiency of drug-loaded SN in entrapping method can amount to 96.87% and that in adsorption method is 87.63%, which show that the loading mechanism of SN is mainly adsorptive mechanism.

最后，利用紫外分光光度计，以疏水性小分子药物舒必利为模型药物，对所制备的淀粉纳米粒的载药性能进行了评价，发现淀粉纳米粒包埋载药的包封率可达到96.87％，吸附载药的包封率达到87.63％，淀粉纳米粒对舒必利的载药机理主要是吸附机理。

Because of the difficulties caused by absorption by oxygen and the low output of conventional spectrophotometers at this wavelength, measurements are more conveniently made at 205 nm, where the absorbance is about half that at 190 nm.

由于氧气吸收带来的困难和常规分光光度计在这个波长的低输出。205nm更常见地用于测量。这里的吸收大概只有190nm的一半。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。