光导

Calretinin; fovea centralis; macula lutea; ora serrata; photoreceptors; rods; cones; optic tract; optic nerve; visual cortex; color vision; photoreception; opsin; rhodopsin; guanine nucleotide-binding protein; G protein-coupled receptors; ion channels (cyclic GMP-gated); guanylate cyclase; cyclic GMP; dark adaptation; visual pigments; polyenes; 11-cis-retinal; vitamin A; chromophores; arrestin; recoverin; phosducin; transducin; bipolar cells; retinal ganglion cells; retinal progenitor cells; amacrine cells; Mueller cells; light; retinogenesis; ommatidia; optic vesicles; retinitis pigmentosa; blindness; macular degeneration; blind spot; Mach bands; electroretinograms; binocular vision; visual acuity; vision; retina

光感受；视蛋白；视紫质；鸟苷酸-结合蛋白；G蛋白-电偶受体；离子通道；鸟苷酸环化酶；环鸟苷酸；暗适应；视色素；多烯；11 - cis -视网膜的；抗干眼醇；发色团；抑制蛋白；恢复蛋白；phosducin；转导蛋白；双极细胞；视网膜神经节细胞；视网膜祖细胞；无长突细胞；米勒细胞；光；retinogenesis；小眼；视泡；色素性视网膜炎；盲的；黄斑变性；盲点；马赫带；视网膜电流图；双目视觉；视敏度；视觉；视网膜

In order to improve the photoconductivity of OPC, the photoconductivity of TiOPc/TiO_2/AZO systems were also studied in this thesis.

为了提高有机光导体的光电导性，本文还研究了TiOPc/TiO_2/AZO三元复合体系的光电导性。

The HEED, XRD, and XPS results confirmed the forming of intermetallic compounds between silver and rare earth. As far as silver and lanthanum be concerned, the format of intermetallic compound is AgLa.

由此，本文首次提出了稀土元素在稀土金属间化合物中的能量传递模型，认为稀土与银金属间化合物的4f能级位于费米能级附近下方，部分局域化且与导带部分耦合。4f能级与导带能级之间的电子跃迁是稀土元素在Ag-BaO薄膜中传递能量的方式，也是光电发射增强效应的来源，而4f电子的光吸收截面随入射光子能量的增加而增大的特点则是&蓝强&现象的原因。

Based on the scheme, we have fabricated successfully many phase elements in LiNbO3: Fe, such as photorefractive phase mask, phasing zone plate, lens array, Daman grating and array waveguides, ring and elliptic waveguides and so on.

按照此方案，我们在LiNbO3：Fe晶体中成功制作了光折变位相图、相位型波带片、透镜阵列、达曼光栅及阵列波导、圆形及椭圆形波导等位相元件。

MTT assay FAK signaling pathway inhibitor genistein on human corneal epithelial cell cytotoxicity;RT-PCR detection of human corneal epithelial cells adhesion to fungus at different times,extracellular matrix protein including laminin,fibronectin,FN glass,Ⅳcollagen,transmembrane protein integrinαⅤ,integrinβ1(ITGβ1),as well as the FAK signaling pathway FAK1,FAK2 and Paxillin gene expression;Western blot detection of the signal transduction pathway adhesion-associated protein ITGβ1,FAK and PAX expression and the inhibition of genistein. Immunocytochemical method was used to observe the LN,FN and FAK expression in human corneal epithelial cells during interaction with the fungues;Laser scanning confocal microscope had a cell positioning on FN,FAK and PAX,observed the changing of the human corneal epithelial cytoskeleton after stimulated by fungues;Quantitatived by flow cytometry to detect of human corneal epithelial cells with PAX at ITGβ1 fungal expression after adhesion;Optical microscopy quantitied the fungues and human corneal epithelial cell adhesion and recorded to determination the integral optical density afrer adhesion;Scanning and transmitted electron microscope observed the changing of cell ultrastructure after fungues and human corneal epithelial cell adhesion.

第一部分真菌激活人角膜上皮细胞FAK信号转导通路的体外实验研究将三种常见致病真菌(白色念珠菌、烟曲霉菌和茄病镰刀菌)分别与人角膜上皮细胞共孵育，MTT法检测FAK信号通路抑制剂染料木黄酮的对人角膜上皮细胞的细胞毒性作用；RT-PCR检测真菌黏附人角膜上皮细胞后不同时间细胞外基质层连蛋白、纤连蛋白、玻连蛋白、Ⅳ型胶原、跨膜蛋白整合素αV、整合素β1(ITGβ1)，以及FAK信号通路中FAK1、FAK2和桩蛋白基因的表达情况；Western blot的方法检测黏附信号转导途径相关蛋白ITGβ1、FAK和PAX的表达，以及染料木黄酮对真菌刺激人角膜上皮细胞FAK信息通路活化的抑制作用；免疫细胞化学方法观察人角膜上皮细胞与真菌相互作用过程中LN、FN和FAK的表达；激光共聚焦显微镜对FN、FAK和PAX进行了细胞定位，并观察真菌刺激后人角膜上皮细胞骨架的变化；流式细胞仪定量检测人角膜上皮细胞ITGβ1与PAX在真菌黏附后表达的改变；光学显微镜观察真菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附数量，记录并测定了黏附后积分光密度值OD扫描及投射电镜观察了真菌与人角膜上皮细胞黏附后，细胞超微结构的改变。

Common lifetime measurement methods for minority carrier of crystalline silicon and crystalline silicon solar cells were introduced, including microwave photoconductivity decay, quasi-steady state photo-conductance, surface photoelectric voltage, infrared carrier density imaging, modulation free-carrier absorption and laser beam-induced current microscopy.

分别介绍了常用的测量晶体硅和晶体硅太阳电池少子寿命的各种方法，包括微波光电导衰减法，准稳态光电导方法，表面光电压，IR浓度载流子浓度成像，调制自由载流子吸收和光束诱导电流，并指出了各种方法的优点和不足。

Advertisement creative design and production - Business VI Visual Identity System - posters, advertising, outdoor ads, such as print media advertising creative, design and production - the effect of three-dimensional space design - Terminal publicity materials design, printing, printing and production of terminal logo logo display terminal design and production - retail, restaurant chains, the Exhibition Hall, proprietary point of sale visual, display, logo design and production - large-scale buildings and public facilitiessystem design and production - display display rack, Steel-wood counters , props, metal, plexiglass products, design and production planning and implementation of the Convention and Exhibition Events - Exhibition design, exhibition and set up the planning, organization - the contractors of various large-scale exhibition PR campaign society System: display cabinets and display of aircraft products and Exhibition Items Exhibition Logo Products Terminal Units structures: the word independent Lightbox plexiglass signs carved three-dimensional packing of hard metal processing of aluminum and neon signboards word products LED advertising signs lightguide plate flipped three ultra-thin light box light box cloth 3M Film 3M Inkjet Printer Photo Posters posters from scratch, from a point to face, from the visual culture, from the surface to the deep, from products to brands, Norma are consistent pursuit.

广告创意设计及制作-企业VI视觉识别系统-海报、车身广告、户外广告等平面媒体的广告创意、设计及制作-三维立体空间效果设计-终端宣传品的设计、印刷、喷绘及制作终端标识终端标识展示设计及制作-零售、餐饮连锁店、展示厅、专卖售点的视觉、展示、标识设计和制作-大型建筑物及公共设施导视系统的设计和制作-展示展架、钢木柜台、道具、金属、有机玻璃制品的设计和制作会展活动策划及执行-展览会设计、布展及搭建策划、组织-承办各项大型社会公关活动展览展示系统：展示柜及陈列架产品展示道具展览展台搭建终端标识产品：独立字灯箱有机玻璃雕刻立体吸塑硬招牌金属加工铝字招牌霓虹灯及LED制品三翻转广告招牌导光板超薄灯箱 3M灯箱布喷绘 3M贴膜宣传画招贴喷绘写真从无到有，从点到面，从视觉到文化，从表面到深邃，从产品到品牌，是诺玛一贯的追求。

The multimode interference couplers are used to implement the conversion or combination of modes in integrated optical circuit.

多模波导干涉耦合器在集成光路中被用来实现波导模式的转换或合并。

The integrated optical chip we designed in the dissertation is composed of a symmetrical Y-branch power splitter, two phase modulators and the TE/TM mode polarizer. Here the up-electrode of phase modulator covers the rib waveguide directly. For the metal-cladded rib waveguide, the loss of different mode is different.

由于相位调制器采用上下电极结构，上电极直接覆盖在脊波导之上；因此利用金属覆盖的脊波导对不同偏振模式的光具有不同的传输损耗这一特性，将相位调制器的上电极同时作为TE/TM模式偏振器使用，这样无需制作额外的偏振器，整个器件的尺寸可以减小。

The three-arm interferometer includes three waveguides each exhibiting a linearly increasing path length optically connected to a 1x3 coupler and a 3x3 coupler.

所述三臂干涉仪包括与1×3耦合器和3×3耦合器光连接的三根波导，每根波导的路径长度呈线性增加。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。