光学的

We studied that the transfer matrix ABCD theorem for the passage of paraxial rays or the optical system possessing a rotational symmetry axis can be generalized for the skew rays propagated off-axis, whether the optical system possessing rotational symmetry axis or not.

本文推广了几何光学近轴光线传输的ABCD定理，使之适用于远离光轴的空间光线的传输，无论光学系统是旋转对称的还是非旋转对称的。

The colour of pigment is characterizated by means of energy spectrum, reflectivity, chrominance value, coating rate and specific surface. The relationship between optical thickness and rainbow effect, optical properties and law of periodic progressively change are also discussed.

通过电子能谱、光谱反射率、色度值、涂覆率及比表面积等的测试，表征了颜料的组成及颜色，归纳出涂层的光学厚度与虹彩效应、光学性能的关系及周期性递变规律的机理。

Because the optical system of optical characteristics and the nature of the launch of the optical microscope is not the true meaning of the linear shift-invariant systems, the PSF is usually perpendicular to the optical axis in the xy plane was the distribution of radial symmetry, but the direction along the z axis significant expansion.

因为光学系统的特点和发射光的性质决定了光学显微镜不是真正意义上的线性移不变系统，所以PSF通常在垂直于光轴的x-y平面上呈径向对称分布，但沿z光轴方向具有明显的扩展。

Without any doubt, the Swarovski Habicht delivers the best optical performance of this competition. This is a high tech Porro prism binocular with almost perfect optics and accurate mechanics.

毫无疑问，施华洛世奇的Habicht提供了本测试最佳的光学表现，这是一个高科技保罗棱镜望远镜，拥有几乎完美的光学和精确的机械性能，它只有一个弱点：单薄的视场。

Ferroelectric thin films possess a set of unique properties, such as electronic, optical, electro-optic, pyroelectricity, piezoelectricity, for many applications in electronic and optical devices.

由于铁电薄膜具有独特的电学、光学、热学、声学等性能，在光电子学、集成光学、微电子学等高新技术领域中有着广泛的应用前景，八十年代以来铁电薄膜的制备、表征和应用已经成为了世界范围新材料研究中的热点。

The optical element comprises: a plurality of rectangular prisms for dividing linear visual field, and is characterized in that the effective work area of each rectangular prism is a linear narrow slit, which can perform visual field division of the light beam from a long linear geographical object and turn the divided visual field into separate light beams for the rational space arrangement of the subsequent optical elements.

光学组件包括：用于分割线型视场的多个直角棱镜，其特征在于：各直角棱镜中的有效工作区域均为一线型窄缝，可将长线型地物目标光束按需要进行视场分割，并将各分割后的视场形成空间分离的光束，以便于后续光学组件的空间合理排布。

Based on the vector law of refection in optics, the scanning error′s academic formula is educed.

分析表明，用激光及其扫描装置建立光学基准面时，扫描误差是不可避免的，这种误差不加补偿，则最终将引入基准光学平面影响基准精度，进而降低参数的评定精度；借助于所推导的误差补偿公式，是可以补偿这种误差的，这对于建立高精度的扫描基准平面具有理论指导意义。

Firstly, the infrared optical system was usually designed to large-sized relative aperture system by reason of the target detected by the system was far, and weak radiant energy. However, the infrared image was suffered from geometric distortions due to wide-angle design of the infrared optical system.

为了获得更多的辐射能量，红外光学系统一般设计为大相对口径系统，这就不可避免的造成光学上像差校正的困难，进而导致红外图像的几何畸变。

To an asymmetric synthesis of (1), we applied a type of Roush addition in the first step to introduce the C4 stereocenter, and then the chair substance -122 are readily transformed into the title compound -aphanorphine using the same route as to the racemic target molecular.

aphanorphine分子的不对称合成是在第一步通过对甲氧基苯乙醛（119）发生Roush反应引入手性，得到手性高烯丙醇-122，然后利用与合成外消旋目标分子相同的方法，光学纯化合物-122经一系列转化可得到光学纯中间体化合物139；化合物139发生分子内傅—克反应的过程中，由C4位手性立体特异地控制C1位手性的生成，从而解决-aphanorphine分子中的手性问题。

To form the theory and method of hybrid refractive-diffractive optical design that can join to the Chinese conventional optical design system, the primary aberration theory expressed by PWC about HRD systems has been investigated, and the function relation between Seidel sums and P, W, C, between ∞,∞,∞ and the diffractive lens structure have been established.

为了形成与中国传统光学设计体系相街接的折衍混合光学设计的理论和方法，研究了PWC表示的折衍混合薄透镜系统初级像差理论，建立了赛德尔像差和数与P、W、C的函数关系，以及∞、∞、∞与衍射透镜结构的函数关系。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。