光学的

The invention is a rotary image-free 45-degree scan optical system, and it includes a 45-degree scanning mirror, double-reflecting optical converging primary system, K mirror rotary image eliminating system and after optical system, where the rotary axis of the 45-degree scanning mirror coincides with the optical axes of the other three systems, composing its optical axis.

一种无像旋的45°镜扫描光学系统，该系统包括45°扫描镜、双反射光学会聚主系统、K镜消像旋系统和后光学系统，45°扫描镜的旋转轴与双反射光学会聚主系统、K镜消像旋系统和后光学系统的光轴重合，构成本光学系统的光轴。

Secondly, three kinds of mathematics model of optical vortex beams were introduced here. Then the propagation dynamics of optical vortex beams through the non-axis symmetry system is studied, this chapter includes the introduction of the symmetry vortex beam and the non- symmetry vortex beam, the deduction of the Collins diffract integral formula for the non-axis symmetry system, and the transformation of the vortex beam passing through the non-axis symmetry system has been described by using the numerical simulation. Then the general calculation for the orbit momentum of vortex beams, the matrix form for the orbit momentum of vortex beams, and the photon method to describe the orbit momentum of vortex beams are also introduced here. Finally, the interference about optical vortex beams was studied.

本文对涡旋光束进行了较为全面的介绍和研究，主要内容包括：（1）光学涡旋光束的基本理论，主要是介绍了单个光学涡旋光束在柱坐标中的一些表征，涡旋光束的奇异相位和光学涡旋的相位结构；（2）光学涡旋光束的三种数学模型；（3）光学涡旋光束在非轴对称光学系统中的传播动力学，其中介绍了对称涡旋光束与非对称涡旋光束，推导了非轴对称光学系统的 Collins 衍射积分公式，并利用计算机模拟图描述了对称涡旋光束经过非轴对称光学系统后涡旋形态的改变；（4）涡旋光束轨道角动量的一般计算，涡旋光束轨道角动量的矩阵形式，光子法描述涡旋的轨道角动量；（5）涡旋光束的干涉。

This project is to analyze the distribution of the light in the high-power laser system, it bases on principles of ray optical, use the paraxial ray trace and real ray trace , proposes a new data structure and way to simulate the light in the optical system in the computer.

本课题就是以含衍射元件的大功率激光装置中由于多次残余反射形成的鬼像为研究对象，从光线光学的基本原理出发，应用近轴光线与空间光线追迹相结合的技术路线，提出一种新型的分析方法和数据结构，开发出用于含衍射元件的高功率激光系统杂散光分析的软件。

A scheme of microscope polarization interference imaging spectrometer based on a Savart polariscope and its basic principles are introduced,and the relative expression of depth of field of MPIIS is derived with the geometrical-optics method.

提出了一种基于萨伐尔偏光镜双折射晶体进行光谱分光的显微偏振干涉成像光谱仪的创新性原理和方案；从几何光学的角度推导了显微偏振干涉成像光谱仪景深的理论计算公式；给出了景深与光谱分辨力的变化关系，证明了景深的存在使系统光谱分辨力不再唯一确定，而是在一定范围内连续变化；通过计算机模拟分析了景深对系统分辨力的影响。

The orthographic projection of thread will produce when the axis of thread is vertical to optical axis, which can reflect the real shape and size of thread, but the experiment and calculation show that the spiral line of thread will shield part of the teeth contour in projecting plane, and so to cause a projection with flaw.

当线的轴是垂直的时候，线的正字法发射将会生产对光学的轴，能反映真正的形状和线的大小，但是实验和计算表演线的螺旋形线将会在突出的飞机中保护牙齿等高线的部份和如此用缺点引起发射。

The curvature radius of optical sphere is an important parameter to determine the properties of an optical sphere. The measurement result of the spherical curvature radius can be used to assess the quality of an optical component.

光学球面曲率半径是决定光学球面光学特性的重要参量，通过测量光学球面的曲率半径，可以审核光学元件设计制造质量。

As Lao Tzu said,"Too much color blinds the eye. Too much tone deafens the ear...." Pervasive virtual images make people visually insensitive. People have started to question the existence of what they are seeing. When new optical technology and drawing is working together, a new journey of art creation begins. Human's visual sensation has gradually lost its original sensibility apathetically in this changing period.

老子：「五色令人目盲，五音令人耳聋，五味令人口爽，…」，虚拟影像氾滥到造成人类视觉麻痹的情况，人们开始怀疑自己所见的事实的真伪问题，当光学的科技发展和素描产生交集时，艺术创作开始一个新的旅程，而当代人类的视觉感受是在时代多变里，逐渐在麻木中丧失原有的感觉。

The efforts that have been made to explain optical phenomena by means of the hypothesis of a medium having the same physical character as an elastic solid body led, in the first instance, to the understanding of a concrete具体的 example of a medium which can transmit transverse横向的 vibrations, and at a later stage to the definite conclusion that there is no luminiferous medium having the physical character assumed in the hypothesis.

为了解释光学现象，人们曾试图假定有一种具有与弹性固体相同的物理性质的介质。这种尝试的结果，最初曾使人们了解到一种能传输横向振动的介质，后来又使人们得到一个肯定的结论即具有上述假定所认为的那种物理性质的发光介质是没有的。

The electronic structures and the non-linear optical properties of bis schiff base and their derivatives have been studied using FF/HF method.The effects of electron donor/acceptor on nonlinear optical property were examined at the molecular level.As a result,the NLO coefficients of the substituted compounds are all larger than the unsubstituted compound.Among them, the β value of compound 4 is the largest one.

自1961年激光发现以来，非线性光学和非线性光学材料迅速发展起来[1～4]，随着光通讯、光电子学和光信息处理等在实际中的应用，对非线性光学材料的理论与实验研究进一步展开，寻找和设计具有较大非线性光学系数，超快光学响应，较低的光学损伤阈值，良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性的非线性光学材料成为这一领域的主题[5～12]。

In chapter 2 and 3, experimentally, using the Angular-Resolved high-resolution fast Electron Energy Loss Spectrometer , at the condition of 2. 5 keV incident energy and 50-60 meV energy resolution, we measured the Optical Oscillator Strength Density Spectra for the excitations of 4p, 4s or 3d electron. The oscillator strengths for excitations of the valent shell 4p electron were obtained, and comparisons were done between presently experimental and previously experimental and theoretical results. The experimental results of different groups agree with each other approximately, but the semi-experientially theoretical results do not match with the experimental results. The delayed maximum in the photoabsorption spectra was discussed. It should arise from the transition of 4p→∈d. For the excitation of the inner-valent 4s electron, the discrepancies for the resonant structures in previous electron-impact results and photoionization results were clarified in present work, which confirms again that the fast electron impact method is suitable to measure the optical oscillator strengths. The autoionization Rydberg series 4s〓ns (n=5, 6, 7) and 4s〓nd (n=4, 5, 6, 7) were identified without ambiguity by the measurement at 0°, 2° and 4°scattering angles. The energy levels and natural widths of the excitations of Kr3d and Ar2p inner shell, including optically allowed and forbidden transitions, were determined. The widths of these inner shell excitations are nearly the same, which was interpreted by the Resonant Auger effect .

在第二章和第三章，实验上，使用角分辨的高能量分辨快电子能量损失谱仪，在2.5keV电子入射能量和50-60meV能量分辨下，测量了Kr原子由价壳层4p到内价壳层4s，再到内壳层3d电子激发的光学振子强度密度谱；得到了价壳层4p电子激发束缚态的光学振子强度，与前人实验和半经验理论结果作了细致的比较，说明几家实验是比较符合的，但半经验的理论计算存在问题；分析了光吸收谱中的延迟极大现象，说明在第一电离阈值以上几个eV范围内的极大值源于4p→εd跃迁产生的延迟极大；对于内价壳层4s激发的自电离区，澄清了前人实验中电子碰撞方法和光学方法在共振结构上存在差异的问题，再一次肯定了快电子碰撞方法是获得绝对光学振子强度的一种好方法；通过在非0°散射角的测量（如2°和4°），清楚地标识了4s电子激发的光学禁戒跃迁自电离里德堡系列4s〓ns（n=5，6，7）和4s〓nd（n=4，5，6，7）；通过在0°和4°散射角的测量，观测并标识了几个新的内壳层光学禁戒跃迁能级，得到了Kr原子3d和Ar原子2p内壳层激发态（包括光学允许和禁戒跃迁形成的）的能级位置和自然宽度，用共振俄歇效应解释了这些内壳层激发态（不管是光学允许还是禁戒跃迁产生的）的自然宽度彼此比较接近的原因。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了