光子

Because the EPWE method is designed to derive easily the evanescent modes which can be used for the matching boundary conditions, we can get the transmittance for the semi-infinite photonic crystal. In this study, some interesting behaviors can be observed, for example, the transmittance is very sensitive to the surface we chose. The transmittance even can be almost 1 or 0 when the cutting planes of photonic crystal are different for the specific frequency. In this proposal I want to see the reason of the total reflection which seems to be conflicted with the existence of the propagation modes at that frequency and what will be happened when we consider the finite thickness case.

在EPWE 的方面，在这三年的时间里，我会尽量完成有限厚度的光子晶体的计算，因为以前主要算的是半无穷的光子晶体的计算，当中也看到了一些很有趣的行为，比方某些频率下，其穿透率与它的介面有很大的关系，因为，当光子晶体的切面不同，在特定频率下，其穿透率可以由几乎全穿透变成全反射，这里我想看看如果考虑厚度，到底会对系统有什麼影响。

We show that, compared to most photonic crystals made from two different dielectrics, these doped semiconductor/dielectrics 1D photonic crystals can not only form the photonic gap, but also can enhance the terahertz transmission through n-GaAs.

研究结果发现，与一般由两种介电材料组成的一维光子晶体不同，由于掺杂半导体中自由载流子对太赫兹波存在较强的吸收，所以这种材料组成的一维光子晶体除可形成光子带隙外，还可以增强n-GaAs对太赫兹波的透射。

As the double photon cross section is large enough to be observed from experiment, the study of double photon production may be practical for exploring the structure of resolved photon.

由于双光子的产生截面大到可以测量，因此，研究双光子产生对于探明分解光子的结构有现实意义。

Metals on the absorption of laser light energy to the metal actually inside the transmission, once the incident laser photon to metal crystals, photon elastic collision with electrons, photons transfer their energy to the electronics, from the low-energy level of electronic transitions to the high-energy level.

金属对激光的吸收实际上也是光能向金属内的传输，一旦激光光子入射到金属晶体，光子就与电子发生弹性碰撞，光子将其能量传递给电子，使电子由原来的低能级跃迁到高能级。

Secondly, opaline photonic balls which are narrow dispersed in size and in the range of a few or tens micrometers in diameter, were fabricated using monodisperse polystyrene latex particles.

第三，利用聚合物乳胶粒子形成的蛋白石结构的胶体晶体和光子球作模板，通过渗入二氧化钛前驱体，成功制备出以二氧化钛为骨架的，有序大孔反蛋白石结构的光子晶体和光子球。

The techniques of optical beam induced current have found wide-spread applications in characterizing many semiconductor and optoelectronic devices. A two-photon confocal microscope is adapted for investigating the dynamics of light emitting devices through the contrast mechanisms of two-photon DC and radio frequency optical beam induced current.

摘要 光致电流的技术至今已经广泛的被应用在检测半导体特性以及光学元件上，共焦显微镜搭配双光子激发技术相当适合用来检测LED元件，与单光子激发相较之下，利用脉冲雷射双光子激发术可以使用光子能量小於能隙的长波长光源来完成激发，并且具有高度的空间解析度。

Secondly, we provide a two-level model to depict the one-, two-and three-photon fluorescent process and with it to calculate the one-, two-and three-photon fluorescence intensity dependence of the incident excitation intensity and time. We study the fluorescence intensity when excitation light's time distribution are square pulse、Gaussian pulse and sech pulse. We find that the influence of excitation light's time distribution on the two- and three- photon fluorescence peak intensity is larger than the one-photon fluorescence peak intensity. Two-level model can account for the behavior of saturation fluorescence.

然后用二能级模型解释了单、双、三光子激发原理，在理论上推导出了单、双、三光子吸收诱导荧光强度与脉冲强度以及脉冲作用时间的关系，并进一步研究了入射光时间分布分别为矩形、高斯型、双曲正割型时激发溶解在氯仿溶液中的C22H22N4O样品所产生的荧光峰值光强，结果表明激发光的时间分布对双、三光子荧光峰值强度的影响比对单光子的影响要大。

However, you can play a very remarkable trick," van Bibber said."If I shoot a photon into a magnetic field (which you can think of as a sea of virtual photons), a real photon and a virtual photon to make an axion and vice versa.

然而，我们可以耍一个非同寻常的花招，&范·比伯说，&如果我将一个光子射进磁场中，你可以将磁场当作是一个虚拟光子的海洋，那么一个真实光子和一个虚拟光子相互作用，可以变成一个轴子，反之亦然。

Based on the transmission characteration of optical fiber and the methods of fabrication colloidal photonic crystals,electric field-controlled method is used to fabricate colloidal photonic crystals with the photonic band-gap in communications wavelength.

基于对光纤传输特性和胶体光子晶体制备方法的研究，提出了用外加电场控制的方法制备光子带隙位于通讯波段的FCC结构的胶体光子晶体，并用光纤系统测试胶体光子晶体的带隙特性。

Based on the comprehensive researches on the related fields and two years elaborate preparation, the first modulation experiment of precise torsion balance was completed.

在全面调研历史上关于光子静止质量的各种实验检验和理论分析方法以及与光子静止质量相关理论的基础上，经过两年多的准备，作者于2002年首次采用精密扭秤调制法完成了光子静止质量的实验检验，数据分析结果给出光子静止质量的上限为1.2×10-51克。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。