光子

A large mode area core erbium doped K9-glass single-mode photonic crystal fiber is designed by getting the pump and signal intensity profiles from plane wave expansion methodand solving propagation-rate equations.Its diameter is 20μm,limit ellipticity error is 94.7%,and limit offset of inner ventage is 0.1μm.Then we analyze its amplifier characteristics.

根据平面波展开法给出泵浦光和信号光本征模场分布，结合速率方程和功率传输方程设计一种大单模尺寸的实芯掺铒K9玻璃大模式面积单模光子晶体光纤，芯径为20μm；分析其椭圆度容差为94.7%，最内层小孔最大允许偏移量为0.1μm；分析了掺铒K9玻璃光子晶体光纤放大器的放大特性。

In this dissertation, InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser and its characterization were presented. Some conclusions are as following: the characteristics of lasing threshold was discussed by using rate equation. The dependent relations between threshold and cavity volume, spontaneous emission coupling efficiency β were investigated. The whispering gallery mode and spontaneous emission in a microdisk geometry were then studied. Almost all spontaneous emission was coupled into the lowest order TE mode when the normalized thickness of photonics well was between 0.15 and 0.5. The design principle and device process of InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser were presented. The microdisk lasers with the diameter of 8μm, 4. 5μm and 2μm were succesfully fabricated by using etching techniques. The pulse lasing thresholds for the microdisk with the diameter of 8μm and 4. 5μm were 170μW and 15μW, a record results compared with the published in the literature. The cw lasing threshold for a 2-μm-diameter microdisk was only a few μW. We haven't found similar report up to now. To solve the problem of directional output in a microdisk laser, the power coupling efficiency in a double disk geometry was investigated with the theory of waveguide mode couple. A new structure of electrically pumped microdisk laser with output waveguide was designed, making a foundation for the practical use of microdisk laser.

本文主要研究InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱半导体碟型激光器的研制和特性表征，并取得如下结果：利用速率方程理论讨论了激光器激射阈值的特性，分析了阈值与腔体积和自发发射耦合系数β之间的关系；讨论了微碟光子阱结构中的自发发射特性和微碟中WGM模式特性；光子阱结构在其归一化厚度在0.15-0.5之间时，几乎全部自发发射进入到最低阶TE模式中；研究了InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱微碟激光器的结构设计原理和器件的制备工艺；利用刻蚀方法成功制备出直径分别为8μm、4.5μm、2μm的碟型微腔激光器；直径8μm和4.5μm的微碟脉冲光泵浦激射阈值分别为170μW、15μW，是目前所见文献报导中比较低的；直径2μm的微碟连续光泵浦激射阈值仅几μW，目前尚未见到达到类似结果的研究报导；为解决微碟激光器激射光定向引出的问题，通过波导耦合模理论分析了双层碟之间功率耦合效率；据此设计了新型带耦合输出波导的电泵浦微腔激光器，为进一步研制可实用的电泵浦微腔激光器打下基础。

Finally, six new kind structures of MPOFs are presented and analyzed approximatively using average-index model.

最后，本文在深入了解光子晶体光纤传输特性的基础上，设计了六种不同结构的塑料光子晶体光纤，分别给出其结构参数，并采用等效折射率方法对每种结构进行了近似分析。

In chapter five we have calculated the photonic band structures of PCs consisting of uniaxially/biaxially dielectric spheres with extraordinary axis along [111] direction.

在第五章，我们计算了单轴各向异性和双轴各向异性介质球构成的光子晶体的光子能带结构，并且取其异常轴沿[111]方向。

The relation between gap to midgap ratio and the filling fraction is studied as well for fcc PCs consisting of biaxially dielectric spheres.

对于双轴各向异性介质球构成的面心立方结构光子晶体，我们还考察了光子带隙宽度与介质填充比间的关系。

The photon propagation model and photon propagation rule are two key components of bioluminescent imaging.

研究生物组织中的光子传输模型和光子传输规律，是开展在体生物光学成像研究的两个关键环节。

The results indicate that, three-dimensional double-porphyrin derivatives with butadiyne linkages have very large TPA cross section, which is a promising direction for further development of novel TPA materials.

研究发现，以丁二烯为连接桥的三维双卟啉衍生物具有大的双光子吸收截面，是一类有应用前景的双光子吸收材料。

These excellent properties of 9E-BHVC all mentioned above imply that it would be a true two-photon nucleic acid fluorescent probe if it can specially recognize the DNA in complex cellulous environment.So this dissertation has investigated the ability of 9E-BHVC on the cell nucleus imaging detaily.

与BMVC相比，9E-BHVC表现出作为双光子荧光探针更好的特性，例如具有更大的活性吸收截面和更高的结合常数，且具有更好的水溶性。9E-BHVC这些优良的性质预示着该分子如果能够在复杂的细胞环境中特异性地识别DNA，那么它将是真正意义的双光子核成像探针。

Compared to BMVC,9E-BHVC has many better features needed by a two-photon probe,such as larger two-photon action cross sections,stronger affinity to DNA and better water-solubility.These excellent properties of 9E-BHVC all mentioned above imply that it would be a true two-photon nucleic acid fluorescent probe if it can specially recognize the DNA in complex cellulous environment.So this dissertation has investigated the ability of 9E-BHVC on the cell nucleus imaging detaily.

与BMVC相比，9E-BHVC表现出作为双光子荧光探针更好的特性，例如具有更大的活性吸收截面和更高的结合常数，且具有更好的水溶性。9E-BHVC这些优良的性质预示着该分子如果能够在复杂的细胞环境中特异性地识别DNA，那么它将是真正意义的双光子核成像探针。

As chargeless particles, photons have extensive applications in quantum communication, quantum key distribution and quantum computation because of its low loss, impartibility, getting phase delay and combining on beamsplitters easily.

光子作为中性粒子，由于其具有低损耗性、不可分离性、易于实现相位延迟以及容易通过分束器耦合等特性，使得单光子在量子通信、量子密钥分配及量子计算等研究中具有广泛的应用前景。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。