光与光化的

It proved that yellow-mutant belongs to the type of absence of chlorophyll; etiolation had relation to the lack of chlorophyll.The biology characteristic of the yellow-mutant cultured in vitro was investigated. The results showed that the mutant behaved etiolation character in different temperature and illumination time condition.

在离体培养条件下，探讨了桑树黄化突变体的生物学特性，发现在不同温度及光照条件下均表现黄化特征，证明该突变体叶色黄化与否与温度变化无关，不属于温敏型或光敏型叶色突变体，但突变体的黄化程度受温度影响而有一定的变化。

an approach divides the sonoluminescence from the sound field by using test tube with black plastics and the isotropic light trap is applied to collect sonoluminescence in the trough which irradiates hematoporphyrin out of the sound field.the results of our work suggest that ultrasonically induced cavitation produces nonequilibrium high temperature, emits shock waves, together with the cavitation energy in hematoporphyrin solution activating hematoporphyrin.

从超声空化产生的声致荧光出发，采用试管外包裹黑色塑料的方法将大量生理盐水的声致发光与其余能量形式分开，在相同条件下，使用集光球收集水槽中盐水的声致荧光，将荧光引出声场单独作用血卟啉。结果表明，水槽中盐水的空化热能、冲击波与试管中血卟啉溶液空化产生的高温、高压、冲击波等多种能量的合作用激活血卟啉。

Photoelectron rise and decay signal curve of various emulsion samples, which is exposed by 35ps short pulse laser, is measured. The corresponding relation of photo-absorption saturation curve and the photographic characteristic curve is obtained, and farther the quanta efficiency of free photoelectron is also obtained.

本文从卤化银材料的微观光作用动力学的角度出发，依据微波吸收原理，设计并建立了纳秒量级卤化银材料光生电子信号检测装置，在超短脉冲激光作用下，测量了不同材料的光电子产生与衰减信号曲线。

It was found that the selective photoreductionreaction of this uranyl compound could take place under pulsed IR laser irradiation and the rate ofphotoreduction depended on the frequency, energy fluence and numbers of pulses of laser.

用TEA-CO_2激光研究了室温下固体的甲酸铀酰钠的红外光化学反应，发现该化合物在脉冲红外激光照射下可产生选择性的光化还原反应，其光化还原率与激光频率、能量密度和脉冲数有关。

Arc-glow plasma depositing technique is a new surface coating method. With the help of vacuum arc discharge, a cold cathode arc source continually emits ion beams of coating elements with high currency density and high ionizing ratio.Upon the ion bombard and diffusion work on, the surfaces of the parts form deposited layers, diffusion layers. In this study, a commercial magnesium alloy AZ91 was coated with Ti film layer.

加弧辉光离子渗镀技术将辉光放电与弧光放电有机地结合起来，利用辉光放电空心阴极效应使工件迅速升温，同时在真空容器壁上设置一个或多个金属阴极电弧靶源，利用真空电弧放电而不断地发射出高能量、高电流密度、高离化率的欲渗金属离子流，依靠扩散和离子轰击作用快速渗入工件表面层，在工件表面可以形成渗层、镀层、渗镀结合层。

For different surface roughness of electrodes and glycol concentration of glycol/water mixture, pressurized water breakdown experiments are carried out. Experimental results suggest that Mirza's formula is valid and independent of surface roughness and glycol concentration, and it is accumulative for surface polish, glycol additive, and pressurization for the capability to improve electrical breakdown strength. Moreover, the increase of electrical breakdown strength of water dielectric for surface polish is explained with bubble breakdown. Especially, highest stress of 235.5kV/cm observed in glycol/water mixture with a glycol concentration of 80% at a hydrostatic pressure of 12atm is about one time greater than that in pure water at constant pressure.

通过改变电极表面光滑程度和乙二醇浓度，分别进行了加压水介质击穿实验，证实了不同电极表面光滑程度和乙二醇浓度下Mirza关系式仍成立，抛光电极表面、添加乙二醇与加压在提高水介质电击穿能力方面具有可叠加性，将抛光电极表面、添加乙二醇与加压分别进行了比较，特别，在静压12atm、乙二醇浓度80%下，得到实测最高击穿场强为235.5kV/cm，其有效时间归一化后的击穿场强比常压下纯水的相应值提高了112.2%，运用气泡击穿模型对抛光提高水介质击穿场强进行了物理解释。

The tryptophan residues play important roles in DNA photoreactivation catalyzed by CPD photolyases. We have investigated the action mechanism concerning Trp in DNA photoreactivation, and obtained the results as follows: 1 We proposed a mechanism of photosensitized splitting of CPDs by Trp and Trp-containing peptides. 2 Quantum yields of splitting of the model compounds that a Trp linked covalently a CPD were obtained under 290 nm light in various solvents, these values changing with solvent, range from 0.01 to 0.5. 3 Utilizing pulse radiolysis technique, splitting processes were observed in aqueous solution of the CPDs with hydrated electron and some oxidative species (such as hydroxyl radical, bromic radical and azide radical), and obtained their rate constants. In the case of interaction between CPD and hydrated electron, splitting of the CPD anion, and pyrimidine anion transfer an electron to FAD or Rf, were observed. The process rate was slower one order more than that in photolyase. Minor, but highly mutagenic UV-light-induced lesions are (6-4) photoproducts, which are repaired by (6-4) photolyases. These enzymes, discovered in 1993, are not well characterized and their mechanism is still under investigation.

我们研究它的作用机理，获得以下结果：1）建立了色氨酸及其肽对嘧啶二聚体光敏化裂解的直接修复作用机理模型；2）获得了色氨酸共价键连接于嘧啶二聚体的化合物在多种溶剂中290nm光辐照裂解的量子效率，其值随溶剂而变化，范围在0.01-0.5；3）运用脉冲辐解观察到嘧啶二聚体与水合电子和一些氧化性的自由基作用裂解过程，得到相应速率常数；对二聚体与水合电子作用发生裂解以及向FAD返还电子的过程进行了体外模拟；4）（6-4）光解酶的作用机理中一个关键假定是氧杂环丁烷中间体在接受电子后能自发裂解，恢复二嘧啶的结构。

Research result indicated that the cooperative effect between swell and precursor is main factor for the nanoparticle loaded in Nafion, and moreover, polarity of solvent and water content in Nafion also affects the load largely. To improve away the surface concentration of CdS nanocrystal on two side of membrane for general preparation, thioacetamide was first used as a precursor instead of inorganic sulfur source(H2S and Na2S) in synthesis of CdS nanocrystal. The assembly mechanism for several sulfur source had been studied, and CdS/Nafion with the character of homogeneous disperse had been prepared, which is fit for mass transmission in photocatalitic reaction. Following the investigation of several crystallizing way, simple and reliable hydrothermal-crystallizing was found. According to this way, maximal TiO2 load in Nafion achieved 43%. Activity of TiO2/Nafion or CdS/Nafion as a photocatalyst was explored initially for disintegrating liquid contamination. Maximal decompose rate achieved 86% under condition of this research.

研究结果表明：Nafion膜对纳米粒子负载量的主要影响因素是溶胀作用与前驱体协同效应，同时溶剂极性和薄膜含水量对负载量也影响相当大；本课题首次使用硫代乙酰胺代替传统无机硫源（H2S、Na2S）合成CdS纳晶，研究了各种硫源的组装机理，克服了常规技术存在的CdS纳晶趋于膜表面富集的缺点，得到了有利于光催化传质需要的体相均匀分布CdS/Nafion；研究了多种Nafion膜内纳米粒子晶化途径，找到了简单可靠的水热晶化法，TiO2纳晶最高负载量达43％；初步探索了TiO2/Nafion、CdS/Nafion作为光催化剂降解水中模拟污染物的活性，在本实验条件下最高降解率达86％。

Emulsion, Emulsion Layer:(1) Broadly, any light sensitive photographic material consisting of a gelatin emulsion containing silver halides together with the base and any other layers or ingredients that may be required to produce a film having desirable mechanical and photographic properties.

广义上说，是指任何光敏感性的摄影材料，它包括含卤化银的明胶乳剂和片基以及其它层或组分结合在一起，后者可能是胶片具有要求的机械和摄影性能所需要的。2）在讨论摄影胶片的构造时，乳剂层是任何一种包含光敏感性的卤化银颗粒的涂层，与背层，片基，黏结层或滤层有所区别。

In this thesis, the electrical and optical properties of the InGaN light-emitting diodes were analyzed by the temperature-dependent electroluminescence and photoluminescence systems.

中文摘要本论文利用变温光激发萤光系统以及电激发光系统，针对氮化铟镓结构的发光二极体做了一系列的光性与电性分析。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐