光

The objective of this study is to understand the characteristics of photoinhibition and mechanisms of photoprotection in broccoli leaves.

明确青花菜叶片的光抑制特性和主要光破坏防御机制，为青花菜高产高效栽培和选育光破坏防御能力强的品种提供理论依据。

In this article, we briefly review the history of photoinhibition research and elucidate the modern photoinhibition theory, which comprises two aspects: dissipation of excess photon energy and damage of photosynthetic apparatus caused by excess photon energy.

本文首先简要回顾了光抑制研究发展的历程，阐明现代光抑制理论包括耗散过剩光能的光保持机制运转和过剩光能对光合机构的破坏两个方面。

The photolysis of deoxyadenosylcobalmin and methylcobalamin in water was studied. The results showed that the speed of photolytic cleavage is related to photolytic energy.

采用HPLC检测法研究5，脱氧腺苷钴胺素和甲基基钴胺素的水溶液在不同光源及不同照度下的光解情况，结果表明随着光能量的增加光解速度加快。

When plants absorb more light than that can be used for photosynthesis, the excess energy, which is not promptly quenched, can reduce the photosynthetic efficiency and result in photoinhibition, even photooxidative damage to the photosynthetic reaction center.

然而，大多数情况下植物接受的能量要超过其所能转化的能量，如果过量的光能不及时耗散掉，光合功能会降低，导致光合作用的光抑制，甚至出现光氧化、光破坏。

PhyA is the photoreceptor of far-red light perception in Arabidopsis and mediates the inhibition of the hypocotyl elongation under FR light. phyA has two domains : the N-terminal photosensory domain with a chromophore-binding site and the C-terminal domain which contains signaling motifs such as a kinase domain.

phyA为阿拉伯芥中远红光的接受体，在远红光中可抑制下胚轴延长，phyA的N端带有一个可感受光讯息的色基，C端含有可传递讯息给下游基因的kinase区域。

The extinct coefficients being greater for photosynthetically active radiation than those for total radiation are closely related to the inverse proportion of solar altitudes (sinh0) during one day.

光合有效辐射的消光系数大于总辐射的消光系数；一天中，群体下部的光照条件以中午前后为佳，消光系数最小；k值与太阳高度角的正弦成反比。

Drawn to light; exhibiting a positive phototactic or phototropic response.

正趋光性的，光正性的吸光的：显示出阳性趋光的或趋光性反应的

The molecular designs and synthesis of triarylamine-based picolinic acid derivatives used as ancillary ligands, and their cyclometalated iridium complexes used as red-and green-emitters, as well as optoelectronics properites of these compounds were investigated in order to solve current problems of organic/polymeric electroluminescent materials and devices.

本论文针对目前有机/聚合物电致磷光材料和器件存在的问题，开展了新型三芳胺吡啶羧酸类辅助配体及其红光和绿光环金属铱配合物电致磷光材料的分子设计、合成和光电性能研究，主要包括：(1)设计、合成了三种新型的三芳胺吡啶羧酸类双齿阴离子型辅助配体；(2)以三芳胺吡啶羧酸衍生物作为双齿阴离子型辅助配体，合成得到了两个系列的红光和绿光环金属铱配合物；(3)研究了三芳胺吡啶羧酸类辅助配体分子结构对环金属配合物的紫外吸收和光致发光性能的影响；(4)以环金属配合物为客体，聚芴和恶二唑衍生物为主体，制作了聚合物电磷光器件，研究了含三芳胺吡啶羧酸类辅助配体、环金属配合物客体材料和聚合物主体材料等分子结构对电致发光性能的影响。

This observation provided a strong support to the point that most leaves export the most of assimilates in the light time. Plasmodesmal densities between SE/CC, CC/PP, PP/PP and PP/BSC (bundle-sheath cell) decreased in weak light. Plasmodesmata were observed between CC/SE (nacreous-walled sieve element), PP/BSC in branch veins in normal light intensity, but not in weak light. Thus apoplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in weak light, however symplasmic pathway may be the main mode of transport of assimilates in normal light intensity.

在筛管/伴胞、伴胞/韧皮薄壁细胞、韧皮薄壁细胞/韧皮薄壁细胞和韧皮薄壁细胞/维管束鞘细胞之间的胞间连丝密度都在弱光条件下下降，在正常光照强度下支脉筛管/伴胞和韧皮薄壁细胞/维管束鞘细胞之间可以观察到胞间连丝，而在弱光下几乎观察不到胞间连丝的存在，所以同化物的运输在弱光条件下可能以质外体运输为主，而在正常光照强度下，共质体运输可能是主要的运输方式。

Stable optical trapping of human red blood cells, Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow cells and Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous cells was achieved using this system.

三比较了飞秒激光光镊和连续激光光镊的捕获能力；实验发现，较长时间捕获细胞后，两种光镊对细胞表现出不同的捕获能力。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。