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With diagram, this paper explains the representing function and applying characteristics of 3 scene impressing lights which do not aim at illumination and character stuffing. The distinction is briefly made between the light decoration and impression in concept and function.

结合图例介绍不以照明和人物造型为布光目的的三种场景效果光的表现功能和应用特点，最后对装饰性和写意性两种光效在概念和作用上的一些区别作了简要的对比和叙述。

By analyzing the optical characteristic of the off-axis and multi-pass amplified high power solid-state laser facility,using the theory of binary tree tracing and matrix optics,and dividing the system into four parts that include cavity amplification part,boost amplification part,beam reverser and beam output part,the ghost image are analyzed and traced.Main of ghost image that are devastating are given in all parts.

为了有效地避免鬼像破坏，针对采用离轴多程放大的高功率固体激光实验装置的光路特点，利用"光路二叉树"原理和"矩阵光学"方法，将全光路"单元化"为主放大、助推放大、反转器和输出4个部分进行光线追迹和鬼像分析，给出了各个部分的主要鬼像分布。

The blue color is caused not only by Rigel 's blue color but because the dust grains reflect blue light more efficiently than red.

星云中的蓝色不仅仅是由参宿七的蓝光形成的，还因为尘埃反射蓝光比红光更有效。

By using the laser-lift-off technique followed by plasma etching process to roughen the surface, the VLEDs with n-GaN surface roughening has been fabricated.

另一部份，则是在垂直式氮化镓发光二极体的表面制造粗化的效果，以来增进光从发光二极体中萃取出的效率，利用乾式蚀刻将表面制造出粗化的效果，再利用标准的黄光微影制成技术，因此成功的制造出n型表面粗化的垂直式氮化镓发光二极体，至於出光强度的增强量会随者表面粗化情况的不同有著30%？

The reflection of the LO mode, RLO, and its ratio, RLO/RTO, with the reflection RTO of the LO mode increase with increasing angle of incidence. In the case of the polarized incident light,ωLO is a function of angle of incidence and polarization state of the incident.

在45°入射角附近，ωLO几乎与入射光的偏振方向无关；在这个临近角45°两侧，ωLO和入射光的偏振方向的关系呈现相反趋势：当入射角小于45°，ωLO随着入射光极化仰角θ的增大而减小，当入射角大于45°，ωLO随着极化仰角θ的增大而增大。

Based on the analysis of Optics Valleys' current const ruction situation at home and abroad,the article pinpoints some problems which o ccurred during the course of domestic Optics Valleys' construction.

本文在分析国内外"光谷"建设的现状及趋势的基础上，剖析了我国"光谷"建设中存在的问题，提出了我国建设"光谷"的相应对策。

A prediction model has been proposed to deal with threshold voltage shift as a function of 1MeV neutron flux and gate oxide thickness, and to deal with room-temperature annealing of threshold voltage shift induced-by 〓Coγ as a function of electric field and gate oxide thickness. The commonness and individuality of MOS device degradation between hot-carrier effect and ionizing radiation were investigated. The dependence of substrate current, gate current and threshold voltage shift due to hot-carrier on gate oxide thickness were simulated with MEDICI-2D simulator. The photocurrents of PN junction and bipolar transistor were studied. Their transient responses on varied bias voltages, pulse durations and absorbed doses were simulated. The influences of NPN base width on base and collector photocurrents were investigated. We also studied 1MeV neutron displacement damage in PN junction, and calculated reverse current leakage under the neutron flux of 2. 67×10〓 per square centimeter. 3 The study of nondestructive screening method for MOS radiation tolerance A theoretical and experimental study of nondestructive screening methods for radiation tolerance of nMOS and pMOS were firstly fulfilled. We determined the informative parameters pertinent to the method and proposed how to deal with experimental data and verify obtained results statistically, as well as make the required steps for nondestructive screening. Based on the experimental data of 180 samples of discrete pMOS devices, the relation between sample quantity and correlation coefficient, screening equation, and other significant results were obtained from the threshold voltage shifts of pre-and post-irradiation samples.

二、分立器件电离和位移辐射损伤响应研究在国内首次开展了电离辐射引起的氧化层阈值电压漂移和退火理论研究，编程计算了1MeV中子引起的MOS器件阈值电压漂移与中子通量及栅氧厚度的关系，计算了〓Coγ光子引起的阈值电压漂移及退火的时效曲线与纵向电场和栅氧厚度的关系等，对评估MOS型集成电路电离损伤和加固方法研究，以及论文中开展的MOSFETs无损筛选方法研究奠定了基础；分析了MOS器件热载流子损伤效应与辐射电离损伤效应之间的异同性，利用二维模拟软件MEDICI-2D模拟了衬底电流和栅电流，在不同栅氧厚度下随栅压的变化曲线，计算了热载流子效应造成的阈值电压漂移，研究结果对当前存在的以热载流子效应研究取代电离辐射损伤实验研究的设想，具有重要的参考价值；开展了PN结和双极晶体管电离光电流研究，计算了不同偏压、不同辐射脉宽和不同吸收剂量下PN结光电流的瞬时响应，计算了不同辐射脉宽下NPN晶体管基极电流和收集极电流的瞬时响应，以及基区宽度对NPN晶体管光电流的影响，研究结果对双极器件抗电离辐射损伤响应及加固方法研究具有重要意义；在国内首次开展了器件位移损伤的理论研究，分析了辐射产生的缺陷对电性能的影响，计算了注量为2.67×10〓cm〓的1MeV中子产生的缺陷对PN结反向电流的影响。

First observation of the essential oil of UVA (320-400nm) absorption, taking nine more before the absorption of essential oils and nine of the past record or doubt further analysis of essential oils, UVA nine large oil absorption of the former are: cinnamon, pheasant pepper, sweet orange, lemon, basil, grapefruit, bluegrass rock, roses, dill, 9 kinds of essential oils may be phototoxic as follows: orange blossom, bergamot, fennel, lemon grass, red mandarin, citronella oil, ginger oil, Australia sandalwood oil, lime; E.

首先观察精油的UVA(320-400nm)吸收度，取前九名有较大吸收之精油及九种过往记载或存疑之精油进一步分析，UVA较大吸收度之前九名精油分别为：肉桂、山鸡椒、甜橙、柠檬、罗勒、葡萄柚、岩兰草、玫瑰、莳萝，九种可能光毒精油为：橙花、佛手柑、茴香、柠檬草、红柑、香茅油、姜油、澳洲檀香油、莱姆；大肠杆菌抑菌圈变化中，柠檬、红柑及葡萄柚精油有明显的扩大现象；pUC119 DNA电泳结果，不同精油於电泳模式中，随UVA照光能量增加产生不等断裂情形，除玫瑰精油无影响，其余精油在UVA照光能量增加下皆有不等的DNA断裂情形发生，须再进一步试验。

Secondly, we provide a two-level model to depict the one-, two-and three-photon fluorescent process and with it to calculate the one-, two-and three-photon fluorescence intensity dependence of the incident excitation intensity and time. We study the fluorescence intensity when excitation light's time distribution are square pulse、Gaussian pulse and sech pulse. We find that the influence of excitation light's time distribution on the two- and three- photon fluorescence peak intensity is larger than the one-photon fluorescence peak intensity. Two-level model can account for the behavior of saturation fluorescence.

然后用二能级模型解释了单、双、三光子激发原理，在理论上推导出了单、双、三光子吸收诱导荧光强度与脉冲强度以及脉冲作用时间的关系，并进一步研究了入射光时间分布分别为矩形、高斯型、双曲正割型时激发溶解在氯仿溶液中的C22H22N4O样品所产生的荧光峰值光强，结果表明激发光的时间分布对双、三光子荧光峰值强度的影响比对单光子的影响要大。

In order to improve high energy laser beam quality,with the combination of theory and experiment,the far field focusing characteristics of different serrate type apertures were studied and compared with those of circular apertures.

为了提高高能激光系统光束质量，采用理论和实验相结合方法，对圆孔光阑和齿形切趾光阑的远场聚焦特性进行了理论分析和实验验证，并与圆孔光阑的远场衍射作了比较。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。