光

Experimental results show the recognition rate of the method is 95%for a known expresser and 72% for a novel expresser. Aiming at the shortcomings of optical flow technique,two improved optical flow algorithms are presented.One way is to introduce forward and backword constraint eqution and Hessian matrix of optical flow equation is computed.The well- posedness of each point of local neighbourhood is examined and the weight of Lucas-Kanade's method is defined as the reciprocal of the conditioning number of its Hessian Matrix.

3针对传统光流法的缺点，分别提出了两种不同的改进方法：其一为引入前向-后向光流方程，计算其Hessian矩阵，把Hessian矩阵条件数的倒数作为Lucas-Kanade光流法的加权阵，可有效消除局部邻域中不可靠约束点，同时提高基本约束方程解的稳定性；其二为针对传统光流法只适用于刚体运动的特点，在扩展约束光流方程的基础上引入了div-curl样条函数作为扩展光流约束方程的附加约束条件，给出了一阶和二阶div-curl样条约束下光流的数值解。

Selective doping has been proved to be a semiconductor oxide improve the photocatalytic activity of the most effective ways The introduction of certain metal ions can greatly improve the photocatalytic oxidation efficiency, Recently, a lot on the adoption of the doping to improve the photocatalytic oxidation performance reports, doped semiconductor photocatalysis material because of its physical and optical properties change, thereby improving the photocatalytic properties.

有选择性的进行掺杂已被证明是一种提高半导体氧化物光催化活性的极其有效的方法，掺入一定的金属阳离子能极大的提高TiO2的光催化效率，最近有大量的关于通过掺杂来提高TiO2的光催化性能的报道，掺杂的半导体光催化材料由于其物理和光学性质的改变，通过扩展光响应范围和提高光生电荷的分，从而提高了光催化性能。

The invented parts can be optical logic operation and can form other all optical parts, such as: monostable flip-flop, optical modulator in optical signal control and optical switch in optical signal control etc. Said parts can be used in optical fiber communication system with wave division multiplex, all optical communication network or optical computer.

本发明可以进行光数字逻辑运算还可构成光的单稳态触发器、光信号控制的光调制器、光信号控制的光开关等全光器件，可应用于波分复用光纤通信系统，全光通信网络以及光计算机中。

The recent advances in the studies of phototropism are reviewed in this paper:more and more evidences support Bruinsma-Hasagawa hypothesis that tissues within the plant are affected by the Pfr gradient and express growth redistribution; Fluence-response studies of phototropism indicate that fPIPP and TDP are general types of multiple response types of phototropism; several photoreceptors involving phototropism have been characterized; four genetic loci affecting phototropism have been identified by mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana .

本文综述近年来植物向光反应研究方面的进展：（1）植物内部组织感受Pfr梯度引起生长再分布，越来越多的证据支持Bruinsma-Hasagawa假说；（2）光强-反应曲线的研究表明，向光反应存在多种反应类型，其中第一次正向光弯曲和第二次正向光弯曲最为普遍；（3）已鉴定了几种参与向光反应的光受体；（4）通过拟南芥突变体的研究确定了影响向光反应的4个基因。

The result suggested the presence of three typesreceptors at least in the compound eye of Chrysopa sinica Tjedar and Chrysopa50septempunctata Wesmacl, but four type receptor in Chrysopaformosa Brauer.3 The intensity make effect on ERGs value .The result indicate that the stronger the luminance, the higher the ERG value in a certain intensity range of monochromatic and white light stimuli,but the rate of improvement make creeping until the extent to intensity.

光强度对3种草蛉ERG值有影响，—定光强度范围内，草蛉复眼的ERG值皆随白光刺激光强度的增加而增大，至一定光强度时增加变缓，(但是在光强度为log=0时，并没有出现—个反应平台)，呈现出—种近似线型的式样，表明：草蛉成虫复眼具有较强的光强度自调节和耐光能力。

Seven grapevine cultivars originated from different regions, i. e.'Carbernet Sauvignon' and'Queen of Vineyard'(two members of the Western Europe Cultivars Group),'Rizamat'(a member of the East Cultivars Group),'Red Double Taste'(a hybridized cultivar from Vitis vinifera L. and V. labrusca L.),'1103Paulsen','Red Globe'and 'Autumn Royal'(two new hybridized cultivars between cultivars groups which were warmly planted in recent years) were selected. After different drought stress, a combined measurement of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence was conducted to evaluate the effects of drought stress to photoinhibition, as well as the role of photorespiration and xanthophyll cycle in photoprotective mechanism. After photorespiration and xanthophyll cycle were separately inhibited, the complementary effect of these two photoprotective pathways was discussed. Detached leaves of different grapevine cultivars, i. e.'Cabernet Sauvignon','Cabernet Franc','Merlot', and a rootstock,'1103Paulsen'were selected as materials, and photoinhibition degree, photorespiration activity as well as its photoprotective function under drought stress were studied. The results are as follows: 1. Under the same drought stress treatment, different photoinhibition degrees formed in different grapevine cultivars.

本研究选择不同起源地的葡萄品种－－包括西欧品种群的赤霞珠和葡萄园皇后、东方品种群的里扎马特、欧美杂种红双味、美洲种砧木1103Paulsen，以及近年来发展较快的品种群间杂交新品种红地球和皇家秋天等七个品种盆栽苗，在进行不同程度的干旱胁迫处理后，利用气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数同步测定的方法，研究干旱对其光抑制程度的影响，以及光呼吸和叶黄素循环组分在其光保护中的作用；并在分别抑制光呼吸和叶黄素循环的基础上，探讨了赤霞珠葡萄两种光保护机制的互补效应；同时选择不同的酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠、品丽珠、梅鹿辄和砧木1103Paulsen的叶片，研究其离体干旱条件下光抑制程度、光呼吸活性及其光保护作用，结果发现： 1。

Induction (diapasue and nondiapause; sex and non-sex) supervenes when summation surpasses the internal threshold. The review reports some characters of the photoperiodic counter in insects and mites, including the following aspects:(1) the accumulation of photoperiodic information during photoperiodic sensitive period of insects.(2) the thre...

本文报导了昆虫和螨类光周期计数器的一些特点，主要包括以下几方面的内容：(1)光周期信息的积累主要发生在光敏感期内；(2)光周期信息的积累存在一个阈值，即需要积累一定数量的长夜或短夜循环去诱导50%的个体发育或滞育；(3)光周期信息的积累受温度、地理纬度和食料的影响；(4)长夜和短夜循环的光周期信息积累的方式；(5)光周期信息的积累的数量反应和质量反应；(6)光周期计数器的内分泌调控。

In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical fingerprint sensor includes:(1) a light source on a PCB assembly,(2) a diffuser that receives light from the light source,(3) a right angle prism that receives light from the diffuser,(4) a collimating lens that receives light from the prism,(5) a first mirror that receives light from the collimating lens,(6) a second mirror that receives light from the first mirror,(7) a third mirror that receives light from the second mirror,(8) an imaging lens that receives light from the third mirror, and (9) an image sensor on the same PCB assembly as the light source that receives light from the imaging lens.

在本发明的实例中，该光学指纹传感器包括有：①一个装在印刷电路板上的光源；②一个散射镜接收从光源发出的光；③一个直角棱镜接收从散射镜出来的光；④一个准直透镜接收从棱镜出来的光；⑤第一块镜子接收从准直透镜出来的光；⑥第二块镜子接收从第一块镜子出来的光；⑦第三块镜子接收从第二块镜子出来的光；⑧一块成像镜接收从第三块镜子出来的光；⑨一个与光源安装在同一块印刷电路板上的图像传感器接收从成像镜出来的光。

Electrochemical properties, photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties of a series of copolymer with different content are studied detailedly. The results indicated there is strong energy transfer between blue- and green-yellow light emission units, so only single blue- or green-yellow emission peak appears in the PL and EL spectra and white light-emission cannot get.

对一系列不同含量的绿-黄光链段共聚物的电化学性能、光致发光和电致发光性能进行了研究，发现蓝光链段与绿-黄光链段间由于存在强的能量转移，导致共聚物膜的光致发光和电致发光光谱只出现单一的蓝-绿光或绿-黄光，而不能复合出白光。

In order to bring about the spatial depth resolution of the image data obtained, the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: an electromagnetic wave is beamed onto the surface of a photonic mixed element comprising at least one pixel, the pixel having at least two light-sensitive modulation light gates Gam and Gbm and associated accumulation gates Ga and Gb; modulation light gate voltages Uam and Ubm, which are configured as Uam=Uo Um and Ubm=Uo-Um, are applied to the modulation light gates Gam and Gbm; a direct voltage, whose magnitude is at least the same as that of the total of Uo and the amplitude of the modulation voltage Um, is applied to the accumulation gates Ga and Gb; the charge carriers produced in the space charge region of the modulation light gates Gam and Gbm by the incident electromagnetic wave are subjected, as a function of the polarity of the modulation light gate voltages Uam and Ubm, to the potential gradient of a drift field and drift to the corresponding accumulation gate Ga or Gb; and the charges qa and qb which have drifted to the accumulation gates Ga and Gb, respectively, are diverted.

为了使得采用这样一种方法获得的图象数据具有空间深度分辨率，按照本发明的方法包含下述步骤：使电磁波成束在至少包含一个象素的光混合元件的表面上，该象素至少具有两个光敏调制光门G am 和G bm 以及相关的累积门G a 和G b ；将调制光门电压U am 和U bm 施加到调制光门G a 和G b 上，而调制光门电压的构成是U am=U o U m，U bm=U o -U m；将直流电压施加到累积门G a 和G b 上，而直流电压的幅度至少与U o 和调制电压U am的幅度的总和相同；使由入射电磁波在调制光门G am 和G bm 的空间电荷区中产生的载流子经受漂移场的电位梯度，并漂移到相应的累积门G a 或G b ，而电磁波是调制光门电压U am和U bm的极性的函数；已经分别漂移到累积门G a 和G b 的电荷的方向反向。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。