光

Firstly, we investigated the mechanism of material removal and formation of super smooth surface in CMP. And the material removal mechanism of CMP at atomic level was described. The comprehension and hypothesis of material removal mechanism of super smooth surface polishing were enunciated. For instance, we circumstantiated material removal mechanism and formation of super smooth surface in CMP of LBO crystal.

化学机械抛光是超精密加工技术中最重要的方法之一，作者首先调研化学机械抛光的材料去除和超光滑表面形成机理，研究原子级材料去除机理，提出对化学机械抛光材料去除和超光滑表面形成的理解；并以LBO晶体为例详细描述化学机械抛光过程中材料去除和超光滑表面形成。

An optical demodulator and accompanying method that demodulates a DQPSK signal employing a single optical delay interferometer comprising a free-space Michelson interferometer having two optical paths, connected to a 1x2 coupler.

本发明提供了一种光解调器及其所附方法，它采用单个光延迟干涉仪来解调DQPSK信号，单个光延迟干涉仪由与1×2的耦合器相连的具有两条光路的自由空间迈克尔逊干涉仪组成。

The Bengtsson-Jacobson conjecture that "degenerate phase boundaries are always null" is studied by the mapping language in Chapter 4. By distinguishing a "phase boundary" from its image in the "covariant approach", the nulless of the image is proved. Time-like and null hypersurfaces in the degenerate space-times in the Ashtekar theory are denned, and then the phase boundary obtained by the "covariant approach" is shown to be always null.

我们在第四章用映射的语言分析了Bengtsson和Jacobson关于&相边界为类光&的猜想；通过区分&协变方法&中的&相边界&和它的像，我们证明了像的类光性；在定义了Ashtekar退化时空中的类时和类光超曲面之后，我们证明了&协变方法&得到的相边界必定是类光的。

Photoluminescence properties of ZnSe/silica gel-glasses were investigated by an advanced spectrum system. Excitated by laser of two different wavelength, the electron transition occurred in two different relaxation approaches. Interband radiation spectra and the surface defect radiation spectra of ZnSe nanoparticles were obtained. The correlation between the wavelength of eradiated light and the incident light verifies that the electronic-hole structures change with the size of the nanoparticle.

利用先进的稳态光谱测试系统研究了ZnSe/SiO〓凝胶玻璃纳米复合材料的光致发光特性，凝胶玻璃基纳米复合材料样品中观察到不同波长激发光激发样品，导致激发态电子经两种不同的弛豫途径的辐射跃迁发光，即ZnSe纳米粒子的带间发射光谱和ZnSe纳米粒子的表面缺陷态发光，辐射光的波长与入射光的波长是连续相关的，证实了凝胶玻璃中ZnSe纳米粒子存在随尺寸变化分立的能级结构。

There is different influence on calli and etiolated seedling under the same red light fluence. This result indicated that rml1 RNA levels in calli and etiolated seedling were regulated by different phytochrome under various light-responsive mechanisms.

在相同的红光流率照射下，愈伤组织和黄花苗表现出不同的红光效应，暗示着不同的光敏色素通过不同的光效应途径调控这两种组织中rml1基因的表达。

The results showed that, as a kind of anode corrosion inhibitor, BTA adsorbed on the copper surface and then funned a protective film by condensation reaction, and then decreased the corrosion current of copper by increasing the equilibrium potential.

结果表明。当H2O2存在时，抛光液中BTA作为阳极缓蚀剂吸附在抛光表面，提高了阳极铜溶解的平衡电位，并通过缩合反应生成保护膜，减小了抛光后的表面粗糙度，提高了表面质量，同时在一定程度上增加了抛光过程中的摩擦系数。

This article starts with the two literatures of Guangqi Xu, and mainly focus on three points: Chapter 1: review about his forepart idea from the characteristic of his research on Shijing;Chapter 2: summarize his opinion about the way to unscramble Shi;Chapter 3: discuss his comprehension about the significance of Shijing, observe and study the source of his idea, and summarize his cognition between the inner lyric hypostases and outside form of Shijing.

本文主要从徐光启关于《诗经》的两部著作入手，论述了三方面的问题：第一章从徐光启的《诗经》研究的特点，考察他的早期思想：第二章总结徐光启在读《诗》方法上的见解；第三章论述徐光启对《诗经》文学意义的认识，考究其思想渊源，总结他对《诗经》内在抒情本质与外在表现形式的认识。

Various colors; According to gloss different, divided into mercerizing, semi-light and bright exterior wall dispersion paint.

多种颜色；根据光泽不同，分为平光、丝光、半光、有光和高光外墙乳胶漆。

Studies on combining optical absorption and PL from free-standing PS films with porosities in a range of 41% to 94% have been performed.

三、详细研究了在多种硅衬底上制备的多孔硅自支撑膜的光吸收和光致发光性质，并在很宽的多孔度范围内(58-94％)对多孔硅的光吸收和光致发光性质进行了对比。

Light responses of R/G HCs and LHCs were intracellularly recorded in isolated superfused carp retina, and the response dynamics analyzed.

本文第三部分工作，分别比较了R／G HC对红光反应和对绿光反应、LHC对红光反应和R／G HC对红光反应来验证级联模型的正确性，结果显示R／G HC可能还接受来自红敏视锥的直接输入。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。