光

The comparison experiment results for measuring the displacement with the Abbe apparatus were given in this paper.

测试系统的光路包括四光束双焦点差动式光路和双光束双焦点参考光式光路。

The experimental and analytical results show that the axial rigidity of the corrugated pipe is 23.0 percent of the bare pipe with the same thickness and diameter,and the thermal compensation performance of the former is 2.27 times the latter's under equal-stress condition.By using corrugated pipe bundle instead of the bare pipe bundle with the same stiffness as its tube sheet,the axial thermal compensation can be increased by 40.4 percent,and the corresponding pulling-out force is 53.2 percent of that of the bare pipe bundle.

研究结果表明，波节换热管单管的刚度为相应光管的23.4%；在最大应力相同的条件下，波节换热管的轴向热补偿量为相应光管的2.27倍；在光管管束与壳体等刚度条件下，用波节管管束代替光管管束，轴向热补偿量可提高40.4%，相应的拉脱力为光管管束的53.2%。

In order to obtain more exact analytical solution to study the output characteristics of double-clad fiber lasers,according to the continuous-wave rate equations of fiber lasers,using typical parameters of double-clad fiber lasers,the contribution of the re-emission effect arising from the interaction between the upper-level atoms and pump light was estimated.Taking into account the predominant part of the re-emission to improve the accuracy of the integration approximated rate equations,the integration of the product of the loss and radiation should be found and explicit analytical expressions for the output of the DCFLs and gradient efficiency of the pump radiation,were deduced,and certain issues of concern were discussed.

为了求得用于研究双包层光纤激光器输出特性的更为精确的解析解，根据稳态速率方程组，针对典型的双包层光纤激光器参量，在估计了上能级粒子再发射项和抽运光产生的影响后，采用保留再发射贡献主导部分的办法以提高可积分近似方程的精确度，明确地提出了要获得光纤激光器输出功率的解析表达式的关键在于求出损耗系数与光场乘积的积分值，简洁地求得了输出功率和抽运光斜线效率的显函数解析表达式，并对其相关问题进行了讨论，以915nm，920nm和975nm的抽运光为例，当输出激光为1090nm时，得出975nm抽运光产生的斜率效率最高并可高达约87%。

The result show that the N elements curbed the transition from anatase phase to rutile phase , Doped-N was in the structure of the TiO2 as the form of Ti-O-N and formed a new bond energy level;N-doped changed the paramagnetic of the characteristics. The paramagnetic resonance spectrum of TiO2 showed anisotropic and showed hyperfine splitting, The Lande factor of Ti3 + combined with the N is 1.956. UV-Vis absorption spectra showed that the photocatalytic ability of photocatalyst TiO2-xNx to expand to the visible region, the sample (3.84wt %) has the highest photo catalytic activity, the adsorption edge extend to 520nm and degradation is 55.54% under the visible light for 1.5h.

研究结果显示，N元素抑制了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变，阻止了晶粒的长大，掺杂的N元素以O-Ti-N的形式存在于光催化剂结构中，形成了新的能级结构；N掺杂改变了催化剂的顺磁特征，使TiO2的顺磁共振谱线呈现各向异性，发生了超精细分裂，其中g2=1.956，是与N结合的Ti3+的朗德因子；紫外可见光吸收谱表明，催化剂TiO2-xNx的光响应能力拓展到可见光区，光吸收带发生红移；光催化测试结果显示，掺杂量为3.84的TiO2-xNx在可见光区的响应能力最高，吸收波长延伸至520nm，其光催化活性最大，1.5h降解率达到55.54%。

This paper presents aconcept of " Space for Brightness Perception ", and transforms the design of lightand space into the design of Space for Brightness Perception correspondingly, andbrings forward a method of dynamic integrative design of light and space.

在此基础上，提出了&光视空间&的概念，把空间的视觉设计归结为光视空间的设计，并进而采取现象学的方法，对光视空间的本质进行还原，探讨光视空间设计的基本观念和源泉，提出了光与空间一体化设计的方法，提倡光与空间的双向的互动的设计模式。

Aiming to solve the shortcoming in the prior art that any on-line DCF dispersion compensation technology is not provided for long distance, and the nonlinear effect in the dispersion compensation technology is restrained, the invention provides the dispersion compensation method, which includes the steps that after a sending end implements electric pre-compensation treatment on a digital signal to be transmitted, a control electric/optical converter module outputs a distorted optical signal; after receiving the optical signal, a receiving end conducts a post compensation treatment after converting the optical signal into an electric signal, or converts the optical signal into the electric signal after implementing the post compensation treatment.

为了解决现有技术中长距离无在线DCF色散补偿技术的不足和抑制色散补偿技术中的非线性效应，本发明提供了一种色散补偿方法，包括发送端将待发射的数字信号进行电预补偿处理后，控制电/光转换模块输出畸变光信号，接收端收到光信号后，将光信号转换为电信号后进行后补偿处理，或将光信号进行后补偿处理后转换为电信号的步骤。

In the case of short light pulses irradiance, photovoltaic effect has no effect on the writing and erasing photorefractive gratings in the LiNbO3 crystal.

因此，在短脉冲光入射光折变晶体材料情况下，考虑光生伏打效应与不考虑光伏效应，对短脉冲光在光折变LiNbO3晶体中写入和擦除光栅基本没有影响。

Based on analyzing the optical activity of BSO and the principle and structure of the BSO-based optical-addressed spatial light modulator, the influences of the optical activity of BSO on the performance of SLM are concluded.

对BSO晶体的旋光效应特性及BSO基光寻址空间光调制器的结构及工作原理的研究表明晶体旋光效应会影响空间光调制器的图像转换质量。

According to the self-trapping that takes place in both transversedimensions,we show that an addressing optical switch is possible bychanging the lateral displacement of the beam,that the soliton wavelengthdivision multiplexing devices may be made by using the self-deflection ofspatial solitons,and that soliton devices with two or three controlledparameters are made by using screening-photovoltaic solitons for shortcircuit or closed circuit with an external resistor.

根据光孤子的自陷获仅发生在横向上，由此我们提出：控制横向空间光孤子的方法实现光的快速互连切换光开关；用短路或有外电阻的屏蔽光伏孤子研制具有两种或三种控制参数的孤子器件；用控制空间光孤子的自偏转的方法研制波分复用器。

The design principle of the laser receiver with wide FOV for the laser command guidance and laser-beam riding guidance is introduced. A mathematic model of receiving light field is presented. The formula for the viewing angle of the detecting optical system was derived according to the diffraction light field of the oblique incidence parallel light. Taking a detecting optical system with the collecting objective for example, the design characteristic that the receiving optical system needs not only an extra large relative aperture but also an unvignetting receiving performance is discussed on the premise of meeting the requirement of 1064nm WFOV laser receiver.

介绍激光指令制导和激光驾束制导的大视场激光接收机的设计原理，给出接收光场的数学模型，由斜入射平行光的衍射光场推出探测光学系统的视场角公式，根据1064nm大视场激光接收机技术要求，以聚光物镜型探测光学系统为例，探讨接收光学系统既须具备特大相对孔径，又须具备无晕接收性能的设计特点，采用窄带干涉滤光镜进行光学滤波降噪。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。