先验概率

First, the concept emergence probability is assumed to be a random variable with a priori Beta distribution. Second, its priori parameters are designated by the distance-based similarity algorithm, calculated by Bayesian Estimation.

该算法首先假定概念出现概率是符合Beta分布的随机变量，然后基于语义距离的相似度算法计算先验参数，并根据统计样本计算该先验分布下基于最小风险的贝叶斯估计后验参数。

By means of proposing a priori Markovian transition probability used in the model predictive probability in input synthesize, the IMM estimation algorithm not only utilizes the sufficiency system's posteriori information, but also utilizes rationally the system's priori information, which enhances estimation performance highly Theoretical analysis and simulation show the IMM algorithm is one of the most cost-effective schemes in all generalized pseudo Bayesian algorithms.

IMM估计方法通过在用于输入综合的模型预测概率中引入一个马尔可夫先验转移概率，使得IMM估计不但充分地利用了系统的后验信息，而且合理地利用了系统的先验信息，从而大大地提高了估计的精度和性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明：IMM估计方法是各种广义伪贝叶斯算法中性能最优的一种自适应估计算法。

Using assumed explained variable condition, applying the maximum entropy principle and with the condition probability distribution complying with that of sample data and prior distribution, the author finally estimates an optimal conditional probability density of the LGD.

利用假定的解释变量条件，应用最大熵原理，并要求所估计的条件概率分布一致于样本数据和先验分布，最终对违约损失率估计出最佳的条件概率密度。

According to the characteristics of large scale systems, a fuzzy fault diagnosis algorithm based on digraph models is proposed.

基于最大后验概率准则的复杂系统多故障诊断推理算法依赖于系统先验故障概率的获取。

Provided that the initial prior intensity of the states is Gaussian or can be identified as a Gaus- sian sum, the analytical results of the algorithm show that the posterior intensity at any subsequent time step remains a Gaussian sum under the assumption that the state noise, the measurement noise, target spawn intensity, new target birth intensity, target survival prob- ability, and detection probability are all Gaussian sums.

分析的结果表明，当初始的先验强度满足高斯或者可以表示成高斯和的形式时，通过将状态噪声、观测噪声、目标的繁衍、新目标的产生、目标的存活概率和检测概率表示成高斯和的形式，之后每个时刻的后验强度均能表示成高斯和形式。

The Pinyin model is Trigram that adds up same voice data in language model and it is a new link between original acoustic and language model.It can be used to obtain probability of interrelated Pinyin string.The results in experiments show that by using the model to make final process of the recognition of acoustic layer,the recognition rate of the top one can be increased 13 percent,and the rate of the front fine is similar with the...

拼音模型是累加语言模型中同音字的相关数据后得到的 3元模型，是在原来的声学模型和语言模型之间增加的一个新环节，可用来求取相关拼音串的先验概率，实验结果表明，用它作为声学层识别的后处理，可使第 1名的识别率提高 13个百分点，可使前 5名的识别率与原来声学模型输出前 10名的识别率相当

The acquirement and expression of knowledge include two aspects: the first is that the spectrum knowledge of each land use type is automatically obtained from old land use map matched and overlain with remote sensing images; the other is that the changing knowledge of land use types are collected and analyzed, and changed into prior knowledge and probability.

二是通过对研究区各土地利用类型变化特点进行分析研究，并从中得到原有各土地利用类型经数年后变成其它类型的可能性及其大小。并将其定量化表达成新遥感图像上各类型的先验性概率。在知识的应用和分类方面，分别对原土地利用各类型所对应的遥感图像进行知识的应用和处理，利用各自可能出现的类型及其各类型的先验性概率进行最大似然法分类。

The modified D-S combines the advantage of the two arithmetics—G-S and D-S, it defines the function of belief renewably by using the information of the prophetic probability distributing to define the subject and the correlation degree's realization of the fuzzy aggregate.

修正的D-S方法则结合了前两类算法的优点，利用包含在先验概率分布中的信息，通过定义模糊集合的&包含度&和&相关度&实现，并将置信函数重新定义。

The last section of chapter 3 discusses the local sensitivityof the Bayes VaR when the contaminated probability ε close to zero. Consider adifferent contaminated class 〓,where Q consists ofsuch functions q that π can be regulized to be a proper probability distribution.

当〓是由定义在参数空间上的所有概率分布组成的分布类时，在没有观测数据和存在观测数据两种情况下，我们分别得到了基准先验分布〓下BayesVaR在ε污染类上对应概率水平的变化范围，该范围越小，表示基准先验分布下BayesVaR的稳健性越好，该范围越大意味着稳健性越差。

Firstly, a mathematic model was constructed to deal with fault isolation. This model mainly considered the associations among fault sources and available testing of hierarchical system, the affiliation of faults with replaceable units in different levels, the prior probability of fault sources and the available testing costs. Secondly, a quasi multi-step look-ahead search algorithm was presented which employed the information gain as its heuristics. This algorithm could realize optimization of testing sequence in different isolation levels.

首先基于层次系统故障与测试之间的关联关系，以及故障与不同层级可更换单元的隶属关系，结合故障的先验概率与可用测试成本，构造了层次系统故障隔离问题的数学描述模型；然后以信息增益为启发策略，提出了一种准多步前向搜索算法，实现了不同隔离级的测试顺序优化。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。