先例的

Reputable literary precedent exists for this usage, and the confusion is understandable, given that the stigmatized use of repulse is parallel to the unexceptionable uses of repulsion and repulsive.

这一用法有着为优秀作家所认可的文学先例，而且这一困惑是可以理解的，如果repulse 这一被指责的用法是与 repulsion 以及 repulsive 的无懈可击的用法相对应的。

My Favourite Hero or Procrastination is the Thief of Time composed during schoolyears, seemed to him to contain in itself and in conjunction with the personal equation certain possibilities of financial, social, personal and sexual success, whether specially collected and selected as model pedagogic themes for the use of preparatory and junior grade students or contributed in printed form, following the precedent of Philip Beaufoy or Doctor Dick or Heblon's Studies in Blue , to a publication of certified circulation and solvency or employed verbally as intellectual stimulation for sympathetic auditors, tacitly appreciative of successful narrative and confidently augurative of successful achievement, during the increasingly longer nights gradually following the summer solstice on the day but three following, videlicet, Tuesday, 21 June S.

不论是作为模范的教育题材特别选拔出来收入全集或选集，供预科及初级班的学生使用；要么就仿效菲利普。博福伊、迪克博士或是赫布仑的《蓝色研究》的先例，把稿子投给销路和槁酬都有保证的杂志，排印出来；要么就迎着四天后到来的夏至（日出为凌晨三点三十三分，日没为下午八点二十九分），即六月二十一日（星期二，圣阿洛伊苏斯。

I may add that an Englishman should be better able than a foreigner to appreciate the historical fact that the "Themistes" preceded any conception of law, because, amid the many inconsistent theories which prevail concerning the character of English jurisprudence, the most popular, or at all events the one which most affects practice, is certainly a theory which assumes that adjudged cases and precedents exist antecedently to rules, principles, and distinctions.

我可以说，一个英国人应该比外国人更能够理解这样的一个历史事实，即&地美士第&的发生先于任何法律概念，这是因为，在流行着的有关英国法律学性质的许多相互矛盾的理论中，其最得人心的，或者无论如何是最能影响实践的，当然是假定成案和先例先于规则、原则及差别而存在的理论。

In the regions inhabited by ethnic groups in Russia, the living conditions manifest in many aspects the fontal pattern in modern society. This paper reveals at both the levels of the world outlook and the living context the influences that the sub-culture of the polytheism has on the said inhabitants, and then shows the embodiment of the precedent in the inhabitants' daily life and the significance of this phenomenon.

俄罗斯少数民族地区由于地域和意识形态方面的差异，在现代化社会中，人们的生活状态在多方面仍表现出本源的范型，特别是在世界观和生活语境的层面上，多神教亚文化予以了该地区居民以深刻的影响，继而生成先例现象在居民日常生活中的体现并由此揭示了一定的文化伴随意蕴。

Again, civil law and common law tend to integrate with each other, and many countries have adopted the system of prejudication, and countries implementing common law have established the corresponding rules of law.

其次，我国古代有使用判例制度的先例，我们去除了很多古代的糟粕，因为其阻止了国家的发展脚步，但是，作为精华的判例制度能很好的弥补我国法律制度的缺点，我们不该割舍的。

We must keep within those interstitial limits which precedent and custom and the long and silent and almost indefinable practice of other judges through the centuries of the common law have set to judge-made innovations.

我们必须在保持在普通法的空隙界限之内来进行法官实施的创新，这些界限是多少世纪以来的先例、习惯和法官其他长期、沉默的以及几乎是无法界定的实践所确定下来的。

The two brand related consumer responses, brand status and brand attitude, were hypothesised as consequences of an important marketing concept, consumer involvement, and as antecedents of an ultimate consumer reaction, willingness to pay a premium.

这两个品牌有关的消费者反应，品牌地位和品牌的态度，是科学家的假设作为一个重要的营销观念的影响，消费者的参与，并作为最终消费者的反应先例，愿意支付溢价。

Such a birth requires, as its antecedents, not only a series of carefully arranged intermarriages, but also a long, continued exercise of frugality and self-control on the part of the would-be ancestors of the coming Equilateral, and a patient, systematic, and continuous development of the Isosceles intellect through many generations.

这样的生育需要，因为它的先例，不仅精心安排了一系列通婚，但也是一项长期，持续行使节俭和自我控制的想成为祖先的一部分，未来等边，和病人，系统性和持续发展的等腰经过许多代人的智慧。

When another enterprising defense lawyer appealed to the Eighth Circuit to get a trial judge removed and cited the Woods case as precedent, a different, less ideological panel refused the request and criticized the Woods decision, saying it was both unprecedented and unjustified.

另一位有魄力的辩护律师向第八上诉法院起诉，援引伍兹的先例，要求撤掉一位审判法官，另一个意识形态不那么明显的陪审团拒绝了这个要求，并批评对伍兹的判决，认为这是史无前例的，也是不公正的。

Level meeting was the predecessor of the modern Parliament. Parliament passed the 1327 "King denounced the book", of all the members unanimously agreed to the deposed King Edward II, King of legislation for his eldest son, thus creating a precedent for Parliament to impeach the King. The 1688 "Glorious Revolution" and overthrow the restoration of the Stuart dynasty, in 1689 Parliament passed "Bill of Rights," the highest authority of Parliament finally fixed the form of statute law, as a Parliament and the King turning point in the history of power relations.

等级会议是近代议会的前身。1327年议会通过了《斥国王书》，全体议员一致同意废黜爱德华二世，立其长子为国王，从而开创了议会弹劾国王的先例。1688年的&光荣革命&推翻复辟的斯图亚特王朝，议会于1689年通过《权利法案》，议会的最高权力终于以成文法的形式固定下来，成为议会与国王权力关系史上的转折点。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。