元音变化

Based on＂The Data Bank System of the Standard Phonetic Features of Different Level in PSC＂, the thesis analyzes the variants of affricative versus fricative in syllables: z, c ,s - zh, ch, sh - j, q, x which are obscure in physiology; analyzes timbre phonetic variants aroused from the different match of seven main simple vowels and initials as well as the tonal patterns with the help of drawing the synthetic spectrograph and pitch spectrograph. So that the data can be offered to describe phonemes in 396 syllables in common use according to the acoustic analysis.

本文在"普通话水平测试各等级标准语言特征数据库系统"的支持下，通过制作396个常用音节语音样本的音高图和综合语图，考察在普通话教学和测试中从生理角度难以准确把握的一组仅有细微差异的塞擦音和擦音声母z、c、s-zh、ch、sh-j、q、x在音节拼合中的变体；考察7个主要单元音在与不同声母拼合构成的音节中音质上的变化模式；考察四个声调的变化形式，力图从语音声学物理特征角度的分析中为普通话常用音节音位语音规范度的描写提供客观的数据说明。

Not only the bilabial stop between two vowels is weakened to , but also the case ending with as the beginning sound is also weakened to .

不仅在词汇中处于元音之间的塞音b弱化为w，而且在词的形态变化中，位于附加成分之首的b音也都弱化为w，这给人留下很深的印象。

A diacritical mark placed over a vowel in German to indicate a change in sound .

德语中放在元音上面表示声音有所变化的发音符号。

Chinese complex vowels, according to the position of the syllable nucleus, get separated into three major categories of falling diphthong, rising diphthong, and triphthong.

在单元音的分析基础上，对复合元音的舌位变化进行分析，比较辅音起头的复合元音和零声母的舌位变化模式异同。

Objectie:To obsere the changes of fundamental frequency and formants of owel in cochlear implant pre-lingual children of different age and to proide the basis and direction for post-operatie rehabilitation.

目的观察不同年龄的语前聋人工耳蜗置入的儿童在置入人工耳蜗后，其元音基频和共振峰的变化规律，为术后语言康复工作提供指导和依据。

Methods Measurement of voice signal was made using micro-computer and acoustic software during sustained phonation of vowel /a/ in 50 healthy subjects and 50 patients with benign vocal fold lesions.The harmonic waves,formants and noise of the sonogram were analysed. Results There were significant differences of acoustic characteristics between normal and pathologic groups.

采用&电子计算机声学测试系统&对50例正常成人及50例声带良性增生性疾病患者发持续元音/a/时的声音信号进行检测，分析元音语图谐波、共振峰及噪声成分特征及变化规律。

One who is entirely ignorant of the modes of Art in its revolution or the moods of thought in its progress, of the pomp of the Latin line or the richer music of the vowelled Greek, of Tuscan sculpture or Elizabethan song may yet be full of the very sweetest wisdom.

就算一个人不懂艺术变化的方式，不懂其间思维的变化，不知道华丽的拉丁诗行，不明白希腊语元音化带来的丰富的音韵美，不理解托斯卡纳风格的雕塑，不知晓伊丽莎白时代的歌曲，他仍可以使充满智慧的圣哲。

The major phonological change in the history of English known as the Great Vowel Shift involves seven long, or tense , vowels of Middle English.

在英语历史中著称为主要元音转移的语音系统的变化主要涉及英语中七个长紧元音。

The Great Vowel Shift in the 15th and 16th centuries altered the pronunciation of many words but left their spelling unchanged; and as Masha Bell, an independent literacy researcher, notes, the 15th-century advent of printing presses initially staffed by non-English speakers helped to magnify the muddle. Second, misguided attempts to align English spelling with Latin roots (debt and debitum; island and insula) led to the introduction of superfluous "silent" letters. Third, despite interest in spelling among figures as diverse as Benjamin Franklin, Prince Philip and the Mormons, English has never, unlike Spanish, Italian and French, had a central regulatory authority capable of overseeing standardisation.

一是发生于15和16世纪的主要元音转移改变了许多单词的读音，但是它们的拼写没有随之变化，另外一位文字研究者马沙贝尔注意到15世纪时，主要的纸质媒体行业最初从业人员的母语多不是英语，这自然造成了更大的混乱；二是，将英文拼写中添加常常是编造出来的拉丁字根，此举带来了多余的不发音字母；三，无论是谁对英文拼写有兴趣—这其中有各式各样的人物，如本杰明富兰克林、菲利普王子还有摩门教徒，英语不像西班牙语、意大利语以及法语，它从未有过有能力推行标准语的官方机构

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。