元老院的

His father, as long as he lived, he obeyed most scrupulously, and when Hadrian passed away at Baiae25 he bore his remains to Rome with all piety and reverence, and buried him in the gardens of Domitia; moreover, though all opposed the measure, he had him placed among the deified.26 On his wife Faustina he permitted the senate to bestow the name of Augusta,27 and for himself accepted the surname Pius.28 The statues decreed for his father, mother, grandparents and brothers, then dead, he accepted readily; nor did he refuse the circus-games ordered for his birthday,29 though he did refuse other honours.

在他的父亲活着的时候，他是非常细心地服从的，当哈德良在拜亚伊（25）去世之后，他恭敬而虔诚地把遗体带回罗马，葬在多米提亚的花园里；此外，不顾所有人的反对，将他奉为神灵（26）。他允许元老院授予他妻子福斯蒂娜"奥古斯塔"的称号（27），自己也接受了"皮乌斯"的姓（28）。他为他的父亲，母亲，祖父母和兄弟们塑像，在以后死去的，他也乐意如此做；他没有拒绝为了庆贺自己生日而举行马戏比赛（29），虽然他拒绝了其他的荣耀。

He also attended the lectures of Claudius Severus,21 an adherent of the Peripatetic school, but he received most instruction from Junius Rusticus, whom he ever revered and whose disciple he became, a man esteemed in both private and public life, and exceedingly well acquainted with the Stoic system, with whom Marcus shared all his counsels both public and private, whom he greeted with a kiss prior to the prefects of the guard,22 whom he even appointed consul for a second term,23 and whom after his death he asked the senate to honour with statues.

马西穆斯（19），齐纳。卡图鲁斯（20），等所有的斯多亚派哲学家。他也去参加逍遥学派的克劳狄乌斯。塞维鲁的讲座（21），不过他受尤利乌斯。汝古斯提的影响最大，他曾经崇敬他并成为他的弟子。此人的个人和公众生活都令人尊敬，非常熟悉斯多亚学派的系统。马尔库斯无论是公务和私事都跟他商议，他用一个吻来欢迎这位卫队的长官（22），甚至第二次任命他当执政官（23），在他死後还叫元老院树立雕像来荣耀他。

Using the newly discovered inscription, Senatus Consultum de Cn. Pisone Patre, this paper reviews the history of the practice and discusses the essence of Roman aristocratic culture. An analysis of the Piso case of 20 AD reveals the political culture of the early Principate.

结合"除名毁忆"历史的梳理与贵族文化内涵的挖掘，通过新发现的元老院法令铭文，对公元20年的皮索案进行深入剖析，可一窥元首制初期的政治文化。

For a long time, however, he was merely a private citizen and lacked the marks of honour with which Marcus was continually being decorated.26 For he did not have a seat in the senate until he was quaestor, and while travelling, he rode, not with his father, but with the prefect of the guard, nor was any title added to his name as a mark of honour save only that he was called the son of Augustus.27 He was fond of circus-games no less than of gladiatorial spectacles.

然而，有很长一段时间，他只是一个私人的市民，缺乏荣誉称号，与此同时马尔库斯的却在不断添加（26）。他在成为财务官之前不能进入元老院，而且在旅行的时候，他不能和父亲一起乘车，而是跟禁卫军长官在一起，他的名字中没有加上任何头衔，唯一荣耀的标志是，他被叫做奥古斯都的儿子（27）。

And when this was done, Pius designated him as his colleague in the consulship, though he was still only quaestor, gave him the title of Caesar,38 appointed him while consul-elect one of the six commanders of the equestrian order39 and sat by him when he and his five colleagues were producing their official games, bade him take up his abode in the House of Tiberius40 and there provided him with all the pomp of a court, though Marcus objected to this, and finally took him into the priesthoods41 at the bidding of the senate.

此事以后，皮乌斯在执政官的职位中指定他为自己的同事，虽然他仍然只是一个财务官；并授予他恺撒称号（38），在从骑士阶层的指挥官中挑选六位执政官时任命他为执政官（39），而在官方选举他和那五个同事的时候他袖手旁观；给他买了一座台伯河（40）上的住宅，还提供一座豪华的庭院；尽管马尔库斯反对，最后元老院还是命令他接受祭司之职（41）。

And therefore, though perhaps at first,(as shall be shewed more at large hereafter in the following part of this discourse) some one good and excellent man having got a pre-eminency amongst the rest, had this deference paid to his goodness and virtue, as to a kind of natural authority, that the chief rule, with arbitration of their differences, by a tacit consent devolved into his hands, without any other caution, but the assurance they had of his uprightness and wisdom; yet when time, giving authority, and sacredness of customs, which the negligent, and unforeseeing innocence of the first ages began, had brought in successors of another stamp, the people finding their properties not secure under the government, as then it was,(whereas government has no other end but the preservation of * property) could never be safe nor at rest, nor think themselves in civil society, till the legislature was placed in collective bodies of men, call them senate, parliament, or what you please.

所以，虽然最初可能，（在这个论题接下来的部分将更详细的说明）有一个道德良好的人，在其余的人中享有卓越的声望，大家尊重他的良善和美德，将他视为一种自然的权柄，从而将裁定他们之间的分歧的主要统治权，以一种默许的形式转交到他的手中，他们无须其它的警惕，仅仅是他们信任他的诚实正直和智慧；然而随着时间的推移，由于最初时代不曾在意和毫无预见的天真无知所开始的授权，以及习俗的神圣，也产生了另一种类型的继承者，这时人们发现他们处于这个政府之下的财产不再像以往那样安全，（然而除了保护财产政府没有其它的目的）于是，他们不再放心，也不再认为他们处于世俗社会之中，直到将立法权交给集合体——元老院，国会或诸如此类你想用的。

This is a world at once exotically different- a world of Senate intrigue and electoral corruption, special prosecutors- in which the ancient rights of free speech and liberty are being threatened as a result of military adventures abroad.

他描绘了一个非凡而又易于让读者了解的世界——充满阴谋诡计的元老院，腐败的竞选制度，拥有特权的执政官——言论自由权受到严重威胁，许多大胆冒险的军人们都被流放到外。

These, namely, were the provinces that brought death to the Scipios; that taxed the endurance of our ancestors in the disgraceful ten years' war under Viriathus; that shook the Roman people with the panic of the Numantine war; here occurred the disgraceful surrender of Quintus Pompeius, whose terms the senate disavowed, and the more shameful capitulation of Mancinus, which was also disavowed, and its maker ignominiously handed over to the enemy; it was Spain that destroyed so many commanders who were consulars or praetorians, and which in the days of our fathers raised Sertorius to such a height of power that for a period of five years it was not possible to decide whether there was greater strength in the arms of the Spaniard or the Roman, and which of the two peoples was destined to obey the other.

三西班牙行省史上，曾有两西庇阿在此丧命(约 BC212)；在此我们的先人忍受了与维里阿图斯的麾下间十年之久的不名誉的战争(BC147-138)；在此发生的纽曼细阿战争让罗马人民深感痛苦；昆图斯·庞培在此可耻地投降，签下了元老院后来不予承认的条约；此外还有曼奇努斯订立的也未获承认的更为可耻的投降条约，其订约人被不光彩的交给了敌人(BC141-135年)。西班牙曾毁灭了那么多的执政官级的、**官级的罗马指挥官，在我们父辈的时代西班牙更出了个塞多留(BC82-72)，在5年的时间里，人们都分不清西班牙人的军队和罗马人军队哪支更强大，哪边的人民注定要服属他人。而这三西班牙行省，是如此的辽阔而又人口众多，如此的好战尚武！

Using the newly discovered inscription, Senatus Consultum de Cn. Pisone Patre, this paper reviews the history of the practice and discusses the essence of Roman aristocratic culture. An analysis of the Piso case of 20 AD reveals the political culture of the early Principate.

结合&除名毁忆&历史的梳理与贵族文化内涵的挖掘，通过新发现的元老院法令铭文，对公元20年的皮索案进行深入剖析，可一窥元首制初期的政治文化。

Therefore, having taken a heavy vengeance on the desertion of the Albinians by putting a great many of them to death, and also wiping out Albinus' family, he came to Rome, angry with both the people and the Senate.

在元老 院，在罗马人民的集会上，赛维鲁都颂扬了康茂德，宣布他为神圣的并声称康茂德是因为周围的那些堕落的人物才变得不受人欢迎的。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。