儿童

Furthermore, preliminary work also performed to examine whether PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway was activated in the process of refractory leukemia development. Materials and methods An immortalized human bone marrow stromal cell line, HS-5, was introduced to establish a bi-phase culture system for the cultivation of B-lineage precursor leukemia cells. ELISA and RT-PCR were used to investigate the expression of VEGF and its receptors in the leukemia cell lines and primary childhood leukemia cells in different treated groups. Flow cytometory method and immunofluorescent staining were employed to examine the apoptosis signals both in the VP16 treated and untreated leukemia cells. Western blot was utilized to explore the PI3K/AKT activated status in the drug induced or uninduced leukemia cells and lymphocytes from healthy donors.

材料和方法使用来源于人类骨髓基质细胞的细胞株HS-5作为滋养层细胞进行急性淋巴细胞性白血病细胞的体外培养，通过细胞生物学和免疫学方法评估培养体系并鉴定出难治性白血病细胞克隆；以ELISA和RT-PCR方法检测急性白血病细胞株和患儿白血病细胞VEGF及其受体的表达，了解不同治疗阶段VEGF及其受体的表达状况，并结合临床指标进行分析，明确VEGF及其受体在白血病发生过程中的作用；流式细胞仪和免疫荧光染色法对正常健康儿童、初发白血病患儿、复发白血病患儿及缓解后患儿进行凋亡因子检测和分析，初步阐明难治性白血病抗凋亡形成的原因；蛋白印记分析检测PI3K/AKT信号传导通路在健康儿童、初发白血病和复发白血病患儿的表达，初步了解难治性白血病形成的分子生物学机制。

Children under eight years can choke or suffocate on uninflated or broken balloons.

警告！未充气球或可能对八岁以下儿童产生噎住或窒息危险，需要成人监护，将未充的气球远离儿童。

Compared to the unmedicated children, the ADHD drug-treated children showed a decrease in growth rate (on average, two fewer centimeters in height and 2.7 kilograms less in weight).

比起不含儿童多动症的药物治疗的儿童表现出下降的增长率（平均少两厘米的高度和二点七公斤不到重量）。

Moreover, although more work is needed to elucidate the effects of omega-3s on healthy school-age children, Dr Gómez-Pinilla says that younger children whose mothers took fish-oil supplements (which contain omega-3s) when they were pregnant and while they were breast-feeding do show better cognitive performance than their unsupplemented contemporaries.

此外，虽然需要更多的研究工作来阐明各种 omega-3的健康学龄儿童的影响效果，但 Gómez-Pinilla 博士说，其母亲在怀孕和婴儿哺乳期时候有服用含 omega-3的鱼油补品的低龄儿童比其母亲没有服用补品的同代儿童表现出更好的认知能力。

Internal catastrophes which cause "unwilled" major role failures through mental, emotional, or physical pathologies: severe mental retardation of the child, psychosis of child or spouse, or chronic and incurable physical conditions.

内部造成灾难&unwilled&的重大作用，通过心理失误，情绪或身体疾病：重症智力低下的儿童，儿童精神病或配偶，或慢性身体状况和不治之症。

"On March 7, 2007, the Chicago Department of Public Health and the University of Chicago Pediatric Infectious Disease Service and Infection Control Program notified of a child with presumed eczema vaccinatum..., a life-threatening complication of vaccinia virus infection," write J. Marcinak, MD, from the University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital, in Chicago, Illinois, and colleagues."This case highlights the need for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion when evaluating recently vaccinated patients and their family members with vesiculopustular rash."

J。 Marcinak医师及研究同仁指出，2007年3月7日，芝加哥市公共卫生部和芝加哥大学小儿科传染病行政部暨传染控制计划单位，向美国疾病管制局通报了一名儿童推测是感染了疫苗性湿疹，一种致命的牛痘病毒感染并发症；此病例突显出，临床医师在评估近期施打疫苗的患者和其长有水疱与脓疱的家人时，应保持高度警觉性之必要性；Marcinak医师服务於伊利诺州芝加哥市芝加哥大学Comer儿童医院。

The total of 13 children with autism who had been assessed in 3~5 years of age on intelligent and nonverbal communication skills are re-assessed in 9~11 years in this study. The follow-up assessment used the Wechesler Intelligence Scale for Children-III, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised, Language Test for School Age Children- Revised, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, and Early Social Communication Scales- Revised.

研究对象为13位9至11岁的自闭症儿童，他们在学龄前（3~5岁）曾经接受智能与非语言沟通能力的测量，本研究以魏氏儿童智力量表第三版、修订毕保德图画词汇测验、学龄儿童语言障碍评量表修订版、文兰适应行为量表中文版、以及早期社会沟通量表修订版进行追踪评估。

Behind the fever of children ' s famil y English education, due to the different background knowledge, virous thinking concepts, as well as lacking of scien tic education views and education methods , there are still many errors in the parents ' English education for children .

在儿童家庭英语教育热的背后，由于知识背景、思维观念的不同，以及科学的教育观、教育方法的缺乏，家长在儿童英语教育当中其实还存在许多的误区。

Near my home is a small park, threre are many amusement sets free for children incluing swing, sliding board etc. the groud of amusement park is laid wood chips to avoid careless falling children be injuried. I hear about that will be rebuilt plastic ground. There is a tap water for visiter's drinking, the only inconvenience is no a toilet. It will be perfect if there had a washroom.

在我们住处右边附近有一个小公园，有为儿童设置的游乐器械，秋千、溜溜板等，都是免费，那些场地地面用木渣铺设，以免儿童不慎摔下来受伤，听说还要改造成塑胶铺设，这小公园还有为游人设置的自来水饮水装置，这个公园就是缺一个厕所，要是有一个厕所那就更好了。

"Most importantly, the improvements that children make appear to last after therapy ends," says Stephen Whiteside, Ph.D., Mayo Clinic child psychologist and coauthor of the study."That's because children learn skills in therapy that no one can ever take away from them."

&最重要的是，儿童的改善在治疗结束以后才会持续显现出来，& Mayo医疗中心儿童心理学家 Stephen Whiteside博士说，&这是因为孩子们在治疗中学习到的技能是任何人都不能取走的。&

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐