儿童

In the process of John Blacking's research, he observed on the incline while children were learning complex music as a whole, consequently, it challenged the concept of "the order never made mistake"; and through his observation on the music perform of children in Venda, he made sure the importance of the relationship between body and mental (basically the understanding of music), provided several methods for teachers to develop students' sense of music – the harmonious cooperate of ears, brain and body; through his researching on ethnodanceology and considering the inseparable relation between music and dance, he further proved the methods of education which considering the action and the body reaction as the essential component of music understanding; through his observation of the music of Venda children in his early years, he became interested in the biology basic of music education; and also he advocated that school needed to set up a world music class. In the View of Ethnomusicology, John Blacking made a new recognition of the music education, and it also bring us a reflection question, could our Chinese music education walk out of the traditional view and get some influence or inspiration from his ideas of education?

约翰·布莱金在研究过程中通过对儿童从整体上学习复杂音乐的倾向的观察，从而挑战了"完全正确的程序"的观念；通过对文达儿童音乐表演的观察，确定了身心关系的重要性，提供给教师发展学生音乐性的手段，即使耳、脑和身体的互相融合；通过对舞蹈人类学的研究以及音乐与舞蹈之间不可分割的联系，进一步证明了以动作和肢体反应作为音乐理解主要成分的教育学方法；通过他早期对文达儿童音乐的观察而建立了他对音乐教育生物学研究的基础；以及他对在学校中世界音乐课程设立的倡导等，约翰·布莱金从音乐人类学的视野出发对音乐教育的重新认识，也促使我们思考，是否我们的音乐教育也可以从中国的视野中走出来并受到他的教育思想的启发？

Summary : In recent years, there are more and more wastrels in every large city of our country, it has formed the civilized society and brought certain influence, through questionnaire investigation , have investigated wastrel's roam reason , had certain views on the wastrel after understanding people.

近年来，我国各大城市的流浪儿童越来越多，它结文明社会带来了一定的影响，经过问卷调查，考察了流浪儿童流浪原因，了解了人们对流浪儿童有一定的看法。

Section IV Study on the task management of Chinese children with Down syndromeMethods PPVT and Wilding monster sorting task were conducted between the DS group and the MA group. Verbal mental age and task managing ability were evaluated.

四DS儿童的任务管理功能方法采用PPVT和Wilding怪物分组测试，对DS组儿童和同智龄对照组儿童的词汇理解能力和任务管理能力进行评价。

For the 12 yearold children, the prevalence, SiC index and DMF index showed markedly higher in industrial areas than in nonindustrial areas. Still more, the dental fluorosis index was near the epidemic.The oral plaque index demonstrated lower in the industrial areas than that in nonindustrial areas.The fluoride concentration in drinking water was under the national criterion in both areas(1.0 mg/L).

结果 工业区和对照区5岁组儿童龋病发病率差异无统计学意义，工业区12岁组儿童龋病发病率显著高于对照区同组水平，且氟牙症指数处于流行边缘；工业区2组儿童的菌斑指数显著低于对照区；工业区SiC高于对照区；两地水氟质量浓度均小于1.0 mg/L。

Objective To evaluate the value of the psychometric visual acuity chart in testing amblyopic children and to determine if the crowding phenomenon has a different influence on normal eyes and amblyopic eyes.

目的评价Psychometric视力表在弱视儿童诊治中的应用价值，拥挤现象对正常视力儿童和弱视儿童的影响是否相同。

In this paper we describe hierarchy stages about how a teacher (1) manages child methods (2)cuts in as a guide and animater (3)practices"cognitive conflict". We also use questionaire to collect children's opinions about mathematical classroom learning activities. These phenonmenens and evidences well represent the transformation of mathematical teaching and learning patterns.

本文藉由提出教师处理儿童的「自然想法」，扮演引导者、促动者的「适时介入」，对儿童「认知冲突」的处理等行为模式，及问卷调查中儿童对数学教学活动的一些描述；以呈现数学教室活动型态的转变的现象及证据。

It was there that she founded the first Casa dei Bambini, or "Children's House." What ultimately became the Montessori method of education developed there, based upon Montessori's scientific observations of these children's almost effortless ability to absorb knowledge from their surroundings, as well as their tireless interest in manipulating materials.

在那里，她建立了第一个&儿童之家&，正是这个儿童之家最终产生了蒙特梭利教育方法，这种教育方法是基于蒙特梭利对这些儿童科学的观察结果，她发现他们具有几乎毫不费力地从他们所处的环境中吸取知识的能力，同时他们还对操作各种材料拥有不厌其烦的兴趣。

With the concept of a wide range of probiotic awareness, children's intake of Golden Bifid factor in improving children's intestinal health, enhance immunity and promote the growth and development of children plays an important role.

随着益生菌概念的广泛认知，儿童摄入黄金双歧因子，在改善儿童肠道健康、提高机体免疫力和促进儿童生长发育方面起着重要作用。

This thesis analyzes theoretical base about the back-to-life curriculum in kindergarten from the angle of life, life and children, life and curriculum, which put forward the point that life is definitely to occupy, enjoy, assimilate and create the material culture, spiritual culture and institutional culture of human beings, and life is an motile activity which exists, develops with a person"s life and which can realize a person"s life values. The thesis also advances the view that the childrens mental and body characters decides that their study style is experiential, integrated, gameful, active and passive. All these make the life world of children become a unique one. Life character is the most basic one of the curriculum in kindergarten.

本文从生活、生活与儿童、生活与课程等角度对幼儿园课程回归生活进行了理论分析，提出：生活就是占有、享受、内化并创造人类物质文化、精神文化和制度文化，围绕人的生命存在和发展，实现人生价值和意义的能动的活动；儿童的身心特点决定了他们的学习具有直接经验性、整体性、游戏性等特性，这就使儿童的生活世界成为一个独特的世界；生活性是幼儿园课程最基本的特性。

The historiographic turning in the study of children and childhood made it move from the marginal to the central stage not only in the history of children and childhood, but also in the history of industrial revolution.

随着儿童史研究的转型，它才逐渐由儿童史研究的边缘向中心发展，也逐渐由工业革命史研究的边缘迈向中心舞台，童工问题、下层儿童童年生活的转型等问题成为考察和评价工业革命前后英国社会的一个重要视角。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。