儒家的

This paper investigates the distinct character of HouRen Motif -- passive pursuit and feminine temperament and multi-angle analysis the cultural origin that caused this character's formation: developed farming civilization and the feminine consciousness came into being from it ; the gregarious consciousness of Confucian culture and life pursuit that people seeks value orientation in temporality world and ethics network; the passive of value evaluation of morality; the conception that doing something in accordance with denomination restricted by etiquette caused by patriarchal clan system and classification order, the conception of moral commensuration with authority.

本文首先探讨了这一母题的显著特征——"追求的被动"和"阴柔气质"，并多角度剖析了形成这一特征的文化根源：农耕文明的发达和由此而形成的浓厚的母系意识，儒家文化的乐群意识和在现世人生、在人伦网络中寻求价值归依的渴望，道德性价值评价的被动性，宗法礼教和等级秩序下人们形成的按理分行事以及渴望"德位相称"的思想。

This thesis has carried on some new explorations and researches in following three aspects: A. researching the combination course between rites and penalty law, we focus on the juristic basis, the legislation and the judicative practice in Chinese ancient times, and then gave three-dimensional demonstrations; B. we draw our conclusion about the nature of the syncretism of rites and penalty through paying attention on the interactivity of rites and penalty, not only on the unilateralism of them; C. we discuss on the value orientation of the syncretism of rites and penalty by comparing rites with penalty, which was determined by rank, patriarchal clan system, ethicality and sociality.

本论文在以下三个方面进行了一些新的探索和认识：在探索礼刑结合的过程中力图从思想层面的法理认识、立法层面的法律规范和实践层面的司法活动三个方面的结合分析中，形成立体化的论述；在认识礼刑结合的本质上，强调"礼"与"刑"的互动性，而不拘泥于传统的儒家思想改造刑律的单向化描述；在认识礼刑结合的价值取向上，从"礼"与"刑"的异同出发，点破了礼刑结合的价值取向在于等级性、宗法性、伦理性和社会性。

The concrete arrangement is as follows: First, Beginning with the historical and political background of the emergence of the knight status. Secondly, this thesis expounded historical course of the emergence and development of the knight's power that was based on the knight status. Thirdly, this thesis expounded that along with the emergence of the knight status and the emergence and development of the knight's power, Bushido being and developed came into the knight's behavior standard. In the conclusion, the writer expounder in detail that during the different times, the Confucianism exerted varying influences on Bushido.

本文将采用史论结合、比较研究的方法，对这一过程进行分析论述，具体论述层次如下：首先，从武士阶层出现的经济背景和政治背景入手，阐述武士阶层产生和发展的历史过程；其次，阐述以武士作为其阶级基础的武家政权形成和发展的历史过程；再次，阐明随着武士阶层的出现及武家政权的形成和发展，作为武士的行为规范的武士道的形成和发展过程；最后，详细论述在不同的历史阶段中，儒家思想对日本武士道所产生的不同影响。

The concrete arrangement is as follows:First, Beginning with the historical and political background of the emergence of the knight status.Secondly, this thesis expounded historical course of the emergence and development of the knight"s power that was based on the knight status.Thirdly, this thesis expounded that along with the emergence of the knight status and the emergence and development of the knight"s power, Bushido being and developed came into the knights behavior standard.In the conclusion, the writer expounder in detail that during the different times, the Confucianism exerted varying influences on Bushido.

本文将采用史论结合、比较研究的方法，对这一过程进行分析论述，具体论述层次如下：首先，从武士阶层出现的经济背景和政治背景入手，阐述武士阶层产生和发展的历史过程；其次，阐述以武士作为其阶级基础的武家政权形成和发展的历史过程；再次，阐明随着武士阶层的出现及武家政权的形成和发展，作为武士的行为规范的武士道的形成和发展过程；最后，详细论述在不同的历史阶段中，儒家思想对日本武士道所产生的不同影响。

Nevertheless, their basic trend is the same, namely, towards emphasizing traditional culture as the nutrition of national literature, looking for the advantage of the Chinese people in thought, and at the same time castigating the deep-rooted bad elements in it. Thus, it is not simple restoration and cordial admiration. Instead, it attempts to discover and understand itself from the tradition so as to reform itself. With the purpose of reestablishing a national culture required by the new age and therefore being able to communicate with the outside world.

尽管寻根作家对作为&根&的传统文化存在着不同的理解，或关注规范的儒家文化，或挖掘非规范的区域文化或民间文化，但其基本取向却殊途同归，即强调传统文化对民族文学的滋养，以传统文化中寻找中华民族的思维优势，同时鞭挞其中包含的劣根性因素，而不是对传统文化的简单复原和倾心追慕，从传统中去发现自己、认识自己从而改造自己，以重建适应时代要求的民族文化，从而与世界对话。

Great amount of materials about legal history came in sight such as the Codes of the Qin Dynasty excavated in Shuihudi,the Codes of the Han Dynasty in Zhangjiashan,13 Pieces about Observing Laws and Rules etc.in Yinque Mount,the silk book Huang Di Si Jing and Zhou Yi in Mawangdui,and Confucian and Tao literature in Guodian,and other ancient lost books.The reemerging of the codes and literature concerning legal thoughts provides a reliable basis and broad space for rewriting the legal history of China.

出土文献中大量的法律史料，如：睡虎地出土的《秦律》、张家山出土的《汉律》、银雀山出土的《守法守令等十三篇》、马王堆出土的帛书《黄帝四经》与《周易》、郭店出土的儒家与道家文献以及其它古佚书，等等，使久已失传的律典及法律思想方面的文献得以重现，为改写中国法律史提供了可靠的依据和广阔的空间。

Confucian culture and Indonesia" s traditional idea have deeply influenced Female Chinese-Indonesian authors" mind. Their creation is such kind of imagination that bases on their verged position, Confucian culture and Indonesia s traditional idea.

她们的书写是她们在印尼社会的历史遭遇与现实处境在文学上的一种折射，简言之，印华女性文学就是印华女作家的边缘身份、儒家文化精神和印尼社会传统观念之沉积以及她们的生存境遇交织作用下的想象的产物。

Jian Zhen's essay focuses not on the seeking for the reform of society,but on the seeking for self-culti-vating of inner world and self-perfecting of morality with a detached and open-minded attitude,which is greatly influenced by Taoist school;her loyalty to love and duty of reality embodies the marking of the Confucianist culture.

简媜散文表达的重心不在求取社会的改造，而是在于追求内心的自我修炼和道德的自我完善，对世事采取超然豁达的态度，深受道释之影响；而她对爱情的忠贞以及现实责任的强调，又显现了儒家文化的深刻刻痕。

It was found that, even though the traditional ideas of a patriarchy society still influences the Vietnamese families, it's not as important as it is used to be. The young generation of Vietnamese women reacted differently towards patriarchy when compared to the last generation. Nowadays Vietnamese women have their own thoughts and control over marriages. Even if it's because of financial concerns that make them choose to marry abroad, most decisions are made under serious self-consideration, and not because of influences by their parents.

研究发现虽然传统儒家观念对越南家庭的影响仍深，但是家庭中重男轻女的想法已经没有过去那麼重，新一代的越南女性对於男尊女卑的观念与上一辈已经有所不同，现在越南女性对於婚姻的想法大多已有自我的主张，纵使选择嫁来台湾是因为经济因素，但她们也是经过许多自我的考量之后，才决定远嫁海外，而非因为父母亲观念的影响。

From the perspective of ethics, this paper analyzes the conflicts and compromises between four mothers and their respective daughters in Amy Tan's novel The Joy Luck Club.

摘 要：本文从伦理学的角度分析了美国华裔女作家谭恩美的小说《喜福会》中四位母亲和她们的四个女儿之间的相互冲突和相互融合的心灵历程，揭示了母女两代人所代表的儒家思想和美国精神之间的文化冲突。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。