儒家思想

The paper is divided into four parts. The prologue, the first, the second and the third part of the paper mainly discuss the person of Yang Zhu, the social background of his thinking, his basic ideas, the relationship between the thinking of Yang Zhu and Confucian, Taoist and Monist and also the analysis of the reason for the demise of his thinking.

本论文共分四章，引言及第一、第二、第三章、第四章主要探讨杨朱其人、其思想产生的社会背景、杨朱的基本思想和杨朱思想与儒家、道家、墨家的关系及其思想消亡的原因分析，结语对前面进行简单概括并对前面尚无论及的部分进行必要的说明。

The essay explores the contribution of Chinese thought on European enlightened thought in 18 century from following aspects: first, democratic politics. Chinese thought helped appropriately enlightened value. Second, Chinese thought took part in the course of practical reason instead of theology. Third, the independent thought of Confucianism and the naturism of Dao effected deeply the enlightened value of independence.

本文从以下几个方面表明了中国思想对18世纪欧洲启蒙思想的贡献：一、民主政治、平等观念等启蒙价值有中国思想的适当援助；二、中国思想参与了欧洲启蒙运动以实践理性取代宗教神学的世俗化进程；三、自主性的启蒙价值受到儒家的自主性思想、道家的自然主义的深刻影响。

Chinese Confucian、 theorist and morals of china traditional have deeply infiltrate in Liangshiqiu's idea system, but the classicism idea of west especially babied idea tally with china traditional idea to provide the system for liangshiqiu's literature criticize in mutual effect of china 、 west mind .

中国传统的儒家、理学和道家思想都深深渗透到了梁实秋的思想体系之中，而西方的古典主义思想尤其是白璧德思想与中国传统思想相契合，为梁实秋的文学批评思想提供了体系。

The four articles show the preliminarily philosophical transmutation on the view of moral between heaven and human made by Confucius on the basis of the ideas of heaven and human formed from the Xia, Shang,Western Zhou dynasties to the Spring and Autumn period; they reveal Confucius' orientation to think which transformed the traditional heaven as dominator into the moral heaven, and transformed the relationship between the subject and the metaphysical existence from external transcendence to innerness; thus they relieve Confucius as a keen and profound thinker at that time.

本文通过对帛书易传《二三子问》、《易之义》、《要》、《缪和、昭力》四篇的分析，认为帛传四篇为孔子《易》论，其中包涵着《论语》、《孔子集语》、传世本《易传》等反映孔子思想的传世文献所隐微罕见的天人道德观念；帛传四篇表现了孔子在涵括三代以至春秋新旧天人观念的基础上对于天人内涵的初步的哲学改造，反映了孔子将传统的主宰之天转化为道德之天、并将传统的主体对于形上存在的外在超越关系转化为内在超越关系的致思取向，从而凸显了孔子作为当时敏锐而深邃的思想家的形象；帛传四篇所涵具的孔子天人道德思想补足了三代天命德政观与思孟天道性命思想之间的逻辑缺环，是经由曾子而达致《中庸》、郭店儒家简、《孟子》乃至传世本《易传》所体现的天道性命思想高峰的理论根据。

The four articles show the preliminarily philosophical transmutation on the view of moral between heaven and human made by Confucius on the basis of the ideas of heaven and human formed from the Xia, Shang, Western Zhou dynasties to the Spring and Autumn period; they reveal Confucius' orientation to think which transformed the traditional heaven as dominator into the moral heaven, and transformed the relation- ship between the subject and the metaphysical existence from external transcendence to innerness; thus they relieve Confucius as a keen and profound thinker at that time.

本文通过对帛书易传《二三子问》、《易之义》、《要》、《缪和、昭力》四篇的分析，认为帛传四篇为孔子《易》论，其中包涵着《论语》、《孔子集语》、传世本《易传》等反映孔子思想的传世文献所隐微罕见的天人道德观念；帛传四篇表现了孔子在涵括三代以至春秋新旧天人观念的基础上对于天人内涵的初步的哲学改造，反映了孔子将传统的主宰之天转化为道德之天、并将传统的主体对于形上存在的外在超越关系转化为内在超越关系的致思取向，从而凸显了孔子作为当时敏锐而深邃的思想家的形象；帛传四篇所涵具的孔子天人道德思想补足了三代天命德政观与思孟天道性命思想之间的逻辑缺环，是经由曾子而达致《中庸》、郭店儒家简、《孟子》乃至传世本《易传》所体现的天道性命思想高峰的理论根据。

The thesis hold the viewpoints as follows: Dong zhong-shu inherited the ideology of Confucianist School in pre-Qin days by adopting the thought of "Grand Unification","Policy of Benevolence" and "Neutral Political Point", absorbed the ideology of Taoist School by accepting the thought of "Rule by Nonaction" in the relationship of monarch-ministers and monarch-people, incorporated the ideology of Mohist School by embracing the thought of "Heaven"s Will" and "Unify to One", assimilated the ideology of Legalist School by drawing the thought of "Being Dominated by Morals with the Assistance of Penalty" and "Unify to Laws, merged the ideology of Yin-Yang School by assuming the thought of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements.

本文认为：在&大一统&论、德治论、&中和&论等方面，董仲舒继承了先秦儒家的&定于一&、&施仁政&、&致中和&等思想；在君臣关系、君民关系等方面，董仲舒吸收了道家的&无为而治&思想；在&天志&论、&大一统&论等方面，董仲舒兼容了墨家的&天志&、&上同于一&等思想；在&德主刑辅&论、&大一统&论等方面，董仲舒汲取了法家的&德刑并用&、&天下统一于法&等思想；在&天&的范畴、君主独尊地位的合理性、&尊德卑刑&论、&三统说&等方面，董仲舒融合了阴阳家的阴阳五行学说。

There are three main ideas in 《A Collection of the Six Perfection》: to propagate the ideas in "The Training of Bodhi Sattva", to propagate the idea of Buddhist politics and to actively mix Buddhism with Confucianism.

《六度集经》的思想主要有三个重点，一是宣扬菩萨行思想，一是宣扬佛教政治思想，一是积极融合儒家的思想。

Section II is to retire from the world discussed the impact of ideology, which, respectively, hungry On Confucian Thought and Taoist Masquerade despise thinking, as well as the two writers for the Yuan Dynasty hermit ideas.

第二节讨论的是避世思想的影响，里面分别谈到了儒家的避世思想和道家的避世思想，以及两者对于元代散曲作家隐逸思想的影响。

In t his paper , t he loss of et hics and morality in sport consumption is analyzed and the idea t hat advantages of Conf ucian consumptive et hics should be utilized to const ruct modern sport consumptive et hics is proposed. It is hoped that a new per spective of stopping sport consumption alienation and the sublimating of t he human morality can be advocated.

以儒家消费伦理思想作为切入点，用现代的视野对其进行诠释，并分析当代体育消费中存在的伦理失落与道德困境，选择性地借鉴儒家有益的消费伦理思想来构建当代的体育消费伦理，对遏制体育消费异化现象和升华人的精神道德有着积极的价值，也为体育消费研究提供一个新的视角。

To be specific, the thesis will take the novelist and his works as an integer by putting them into the transformation of the society, its social-historical thoughts and culture context, by observing the novelist and his works from thoughts resources to the development, from the thematic diachronic evolvement to the synchronic cultural comparison, from the innate writing talents to the unavoidable psychological dilemma, and therefore, grasp the research object wholly.

寻根探源历来是研究作家创作思想的重要方法和不可或缺的步骤，但当前对张炜小说创作&思想资源&的研究却不多见。本文认为，张炜小说创作的&思想资源&多元而丰富：儒家文化的入世情怀与仁爱思想，道家文化的天人合一与自为自在精神，鲁迅的启蒙观念与理性精神，俄国文学的道德理想与苦难意识，民间文化自由与奔放的人间情怀，及以&焦虑&、&绝望&为认知特征的现代西方哲学等等，都对张炜小说创作思想的形成、发展产生了重要影响。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。