僵化的

Different distribution of power affects the performance of the internal control. Institution regulates the means to manage the labor, finance and matter so as to restrict the leaders over-use the power and ensure the enterprise in the right direction. Both power and institution have the character of rigidity. If the leader only paid attention to these two levels, the organization would appear the situation full of tediousness and rigidity. Therefore, in the process of development, the Non-state-run enterprise forms another character: flexible management. Through the flexible means, the Non-state-run enterprise avoid the tendency of doctrinairism and reduce the cost of rigidity, which ensures the validity of internal control.

权力决定了领导者与被领导者的等级关系，形成控制主体与控制对象之间的支配与被支配格局，不同的权力分配模式影响着内控制度贯彻执行的效果；制度以规范管理为目标，规定企业关于人、事、财、物等的管理原则、作业程序和控制办法，是制约独断专行、引导企业步入正轨的法则，制度的完善及有效与否关系到民营企业的成败；权力和制度具有高文本性特征，难免被生搬硬套，造成刚性管理，出现控制过严过死的情况，束缚了员工积极性和创造性的发挥，导致组织僵化和效率损失，因此民营企业在发展过程中伴随着另外一大特点，就是柔性管理，通过灵活变通的方法，避免了教条主义管理倾向，化解集权和制度的刚性成本，运用多种柔性化的管理方式向无为而治的内控最高境界迈进。

Educational purpose as the plenipotentiary of educational value has been thoroughly criticized.

后现代主义教育目的观揭示了现代主义教育目的的种种弊端，诸如形而上学的脆弱性，教育中的霸权和暴力，内在价值的失落，二元论的思维模式的危机与危害，科学理性主义的充斥，抽象人性论对人的压制，逻辑话语的权威与僵化，教育目的社会理想的幻灭等。

The work up that carries a system integratedly as our country and perfect, relatively fragile in the past highway, waterborne especially marine wait for contemporary carriage means, below the new condition of reforming and opening, grasp opportunity, produce respective advantage, realized rapid development, broke railroad the monopoly position in freight, reasonable billabong partial railroad freight flow, enlarged freight market share, improved composition of market of our country freight, the inevitable result that should say this is modernization of progress of economic progress, society, traffic, but will look from another angle, also mirror taphole road to develop become rigid of logy, mechanism, lack to innovate, the demand that incommensurate socialist market economy expands, from this and contractible, market owns the market share that cause rate drop considerably, what should say these are not traffic development is inevitable, what system of incommensurate socialist market economy leaves the field such as ability of means of system of as politic as railroad oneself development, management, sale, service is normal move have affinity.

随着我国综合运输体系的逐步发展和完善，过去相对薄弱的公路、水运尤其是海运等现代运输方式，在改革开放的新形势下，把握机遇，发挥各自优势，实现了快速的发展，打破了铁路在货运中的垄断地位，合理分流了部分铁路货流，扩大了货运市场份额，改善了我国货运市场结构，应该说这是经济发展、社会进步、交通现代化的必然结果，但是从另一个角度来看，也反映出铁路发展迟缓、机制僵化、缺乏创新，不适应社会主义市场经济发展的需求，由此而造成的市场份额缩小、市场占有率大幅下降，应该说这些并不是交通发展的必然，与铁路自身发展策略、治理体制、营销方式、服务能力等方面不适应社会主义市场经济体制下的正常运行有密切关系。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

There are some problems existing in practice,for example:persuing mode,walking into rigidify,ignoring the communication with students,the teaching is short of personality and innovating spirit,but as long as we explore、think、solve them actively,the writing-teach will be more and more perfect and reach a new heigh,it will make the course of writing really become a natural and real experimental course of individual life deepening through、sublining sensibility、developing personality.

虽然在实践中还存在着一些尚需改进的问题，如追求模式，走入僵化；忽视与学生的沟通探究；教师的教学教育缺失个性和创新精神等等。但只要我们积极去探索、去思考、去解决，我们的写作教学就会不断的完善、不断的达到新的高度，从而使写作的过程真正成为个体生命深化思维、升华情感、发展个性的自然而真实的实践过程。

The paper further analyzes and explores the ontological origins of "The world becomes an image" and "Man turns intoasubject", which is of determining meaning to the basic process of modern history, and points out, it is the western two-value logical nature and the abstract subjective principle of "objective thinking", while grasping "the being" as an entitative "object", that cancels the actual historical nature, excludes and overshadows the whole sensible richness of man and man"s sensible existent area which can not be objectified so that the freedom to use reason turns into rigidified rational external coercive power, resulting in the loss of meaning world as "the root of human life.

论文进而分析探讨了对于现代历史的基本进程具有决定性意义的&世界成为图像&和&人成为主体&的存在论根源，从而试图指出：正是西方&对象性思维&的二值逻辑本性和抽象主体性原则，在其将&存在&把握成实体性的&对象&时，也就取消了本真的历史性，排除和遮蔽了不能被对象化的人类感性的全部丰富性和人的感性存在领域；致使运用理性的自由转变成僵化之理性的外部强权统治，进而导致作为人类生命之&根&的意义世界的失落。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。