催化的

In this thesis, we developed chiral proton N-O type ligands and employed them in the enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to N-diphenylphosphinoyl imines. The relationship between the structure of the ligands and the enantioselectivity was systematically studied. Furthermore, enantioselective butylation of N-diphenylphosphinoyl imines withBu〓Zn and enantioselective diphenylzinc addition to imine were also examined.

本文致力于亚胺的不对称催化有机锌试剂加成反应的研究：以手性质子型N-O配体为促进剂，对N-二苯基次膦酰亚胺进行不对称乙基锌加成反应而展开研究工作，系统地考查了手性配体的结构对反应的影响；另外，对N-二苯基次膦酰亚胺的不对称催化丁基锌加成进行了研究，并首次对亚胺的不对称苯基锌加成反应进行了初步探索。

Reductive conversion of geraniol to citronellol is adopted as a model reaction, and several factors in the reaction are discussed using gas chromatography method. The influence of n-hexane and butyl acetate, as organic solvents, on biocompatibility was studied; the influence of methanol, ethanol, glycol, n-butanol and 1-hexanol, as energy substance, on the transformation efficiency was compared, respectively; the catalysis capabilities of Baker's yeast, XST-KO yeast, LP yeast, alcohol yeast, dry yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Angel yeast and Meishan yeast were discussed. It has been proved that biocompatibility of n-hexane are much better than that of butyl acetate, and the hexane has been demonstrated the most effective in terms of the influence on biotransformation, Baker's yeast has shown the highest tranformation efficiency among the eight yeast strains.

以香叶醇转化为香茅醇作为模型反应，通过气相色谱法进行定性和定量分析研究了影响该有机相生物转化反应的几个基本因素，考察了两种有机溶剂正己烷和乙酸丁酯对生物相容性的影响，选用甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、正丁醇和l-己醇分别作为能量物质进行实验，比较其对转化的影响并探讨了Baker's酵母、XST-KO酵母、LP酵母、酒精酵母、假丝酵母、干酵母、安琪酵母和梅山酵母八种不同酵母作为生物催化剂对模型反应的催化能力，结果表明，正己烷作为有机溶剂，其生物相容性明显好于乙酸丁酯，更加有利于该生物转化反应进行；乙二醇作为能量物质，该模型反应转化率最高；而 Baker's酵母作为生物催化剂，对该模型反应的催化能力最强，最适合作为该模型反应的催化剂。

To study the performance of photocatalystic reactor, we designed and made the experiment rig that is fit for sewage treatment. Considering practical applications, we have discussed the optimum inclination for flat photocatalystic reactor. Under the condition of lack solar radiation fact survey date founded on wave band, the suggestions to determine the optimum inclinations for flat solar collector are given. In the experiments of degradation of dye, Congo red and Methylene blue dyes were taken as targets' contamination.

在光催化反应器的研究中，我们在现有的基础上，自行设计制造了适合于草酸铁/过氧化氢体系污水处理的平板型光催化污水处理实验装置；考虑到今后的实际应用，还对其最佳倾角问题进行了讨论，在缺乏长期太阳分波段辐射实测数据的前提下，建议平板型光反应器采用平板太阳能集热器的最佳倾角。

New contributions of this work are as follows:(1). Preparation of Spherical MgCl_2-Supported Late-Transition Metal Catalysts for Ethylene PolymerizationFacile and effective immobilization of late-transition metal catalysts. 2,3-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) butane diimine nickel dibromide (1) and 2,6-bis-[1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine iron dichloride (2), for ethylene polymerization has been achieved, using spherical MgCl_2 supports obtained by thermal dealcoholization of MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH, and the effects of dealcoholization temperature on supported late-transition metal catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers were studied, the results indicated that:1.Supports with appropriate mechanical strength, high surface area and high porosity could be prepared by thermal dealcoholization of spherical MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH supports; 2.BET, XRD, IR, SEM, GPC and DSC analyses indicate that the activities of the supported late-transition metal catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers are strongly dependent on the dealcoholization temperature.

本工作的新贡献如下：(1)、球形氯化镁负载后过渡金属催化荆催化乙烯聚合本文将配合物2，3-双(2，6-二异丙基苯亚胺)丁烷二溴化镍(1)和配合物2，6-二[1-(2，4，6-三甲基苯亚胺)乙基]吡啶二氯化铁(2)分别直接负载于经不同热脱醇温度处理的球形氯化镁载体上，研究了氯化镁载体的脱醇温度对负载化后过渡金属催化剂及其聚合物的影响，研究表明：1、通过对球形MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH载体进行热脱醇处理，可以获得合适机械强度、较高比表面积和较高孔隙度的球形氯化镁载体；2、BET，XRD，IR，SEM，GPC和DSC研究表明，脱醇温度极大地影响负载后过渡金属催化剂的活性和聚合物的性能。

New contributions of this work are as follows:(1). Preparation of Spherical MgCl_2-Supported Late-Transition Metal Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization Facile and effective immobilization of late-transition metal catalysts. 2,3-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) butane diimine nickel dibromide (1) and 2,6-bis-[1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine iron dichloride (2), for ethylene polymerization has been achieved, using spherical MgCl_2 supports obtained by thermal dealcoholization of MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH, and the effects of dealcoholization temperature on supported late-transition metal catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers were studied, the results indicated that: 1.Supports with appropriate mechanical strength, high surface area and high porosity could be prepared by thermal dealcoholization of spherical MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH supports; 2.BET, XRD, IR, SEM, GPC and DSC analyses indicate that the activities of the supported late-transition metal catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers are strongly dependent on the dealcoholization temperature.

本工作的新贡献如下：(1)、球形氯化镁负载后过渡金属催化荆催化乙烯聚合本文将配合物2，3-双(2，6-二异丙基苯亚胺)丁烷二溴化镍(1)和配合物2，6-二[1-(2，4，6-三甲基苯亚胺)乙基]吡啶二氯化铁(2)分别直接负载于经不同热脱醇温度处理的球形氯化镁载体上，研究了氯化镁载体的脱醇温度对负载化后过渡金属催化剂及其聚合物的影响，研究表明： 1、通过对球形MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH载体进行热脱醇处理，可以获得合适机械强度、较高比表面积和较高孔隙度的球形氯化镁载体； 2、BET，XRD，IR，SEM，GPC和DSC研究表明，脱醇温度极大地影响负载后过渡金属催化剂的活性和聚合物的性能。

The results: the phase transferring range of TiO2 is between 600-750℃; with the doping of tourmaline, the UV-VIS adsorption spectrum of Nd/TiO2 was basically not affected, and showed a gradual Einstein shift with the increase of calcined temperature between 300-750℃; OH intensity of Nd/TiO2 could be enhanced both in irradiation and in no irradiation when tourmaline was added in it; the doping of 0.6% tourmaline led to the best photocatalytic activity of Nd/TiO2 and the best photocatalytic effect appeared when calcined at 600℃.

结果发现TiO2的相变转化区间在600~750℃范围内；电气石掺入对Nd/TiO2材料的光吸收范围基本没有影响，在300~750℃范围煅烧后，随温度升高UV-VIS图谱有逐渐红移现象；电气石的加入使得Nd/TiO2材料在光照及未光照条件下都起到增强OH强度的作用；在Nd/TiO2材料中掺入0.6%的电气石获得最好的光催化活性，600℃下煅烧光催化效果较优。

In chapter 4 an abnormal reaction that the nitro group of 1-aryl-2-nitroethenescan be easily replaced by the organic moity of FG-RZnI using Ni〓 and tertiaryamine as catalyst was first given. The experimental results show that in the presenceof catalytic amount of Ni〓 and tertiary amines, the reaction of FG-RZnI andl-aryl-2-nitroethenes give the substitution products l-aryl-l-alkene, instead ofMichael addition products.

通过实验发现，在催化量的Ni〓及叔胺催化下， l-硝基-2-芳基乙烯与烷基碘化锌并不进行Michael加成反应，而是发生1-硝基-2-芳基乙烯中硝基被取代的反应，生成了高产率的1-芳基-l-烯烃，由于此反应的原料易得、反应条件温和、产物的产率高，因而是合成l-芳基-1-烯烃的有效方法。

The free hydroxyl radical of greater activity produced in the catalytic ozonization of V is the essence of the catalytic system; and the formed V also contributed greatly to the removal of chemical oxygen demand.

结果表明，催化体系的本质是催化剂中的四价钒催化臭氧分解生成了活性更高的羟基自由基，所生成的五价钒对体系化学耗氧量的去除也有很大的贡献（近10%）。

Chapter Five: We use photoemission spectroscopy to study the interaction of the rare earth metal Cerium overlayers with GaSb (111) surface and their oxidation behavior as well.

第五章 利用超高真空中的光电子能谱的测量，就稀土金属Ce对半导体GaSb(111)表面的催化氧化特性进行了研究，并且研究了Ce的厚膜本身的氧化，探讨了Ce在催化氧化中所起的作用。

The biocatalyzed characters of the purified cellulases were investigated with the CMC-Na as substrate. The most appropriate catalyzed temprature for cellulase 1 is 60 "C,and 65 for cellulase 2. The two enzymes have the extreme stability at the temperatures no more than 50.The CMC-Na has the protective effect on the cellulase. The pH stability range of cellulase 1 is 4 ~ 8, and 6-9 for cellulase 2. Zn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Li+can ativate cellulase 1. K+, Li"1 can ativate cellulase 2. Cellulase 1 can mainly decompose CMC and salicin. Cellulase 2 can decompose not only CMC and salicin, but other substrates feebly.

以羧甲基纤维素为底物时，酶1的最适催化温度为60℃，酶2的最适催化温度为65℃，在50℃以下稳定性较好，底物对酶有较强的保护作用；酶1和酶2的最适pH分别为5.5和5.5～6.0，酶1的pH稳定性范围为4～8，酶2的稳定性范围为6～9；Zn~(2+)，Ca~(2+)，Mg~(2+)，K~+，Li~+对酶1有激活作用，K~+，Li~+对酶2有激活作用；酶1主要对CMC和水杨素有分解作用，对其它底物几乎不分解；酶2除了可以分解CMC和水杨素外，对其它底物也有微弱的分解作用。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！