催化的

The first step was esterifying FFA to its methyl esters. The second step was transesterifying the triglycerides in the products of the first step to methyl esters and glycerol.

第一步为酸催化预酯化反应，主要是将地沟油中的游离脂肪酸转化为脂肪酸甲酯；第二步为酸催化转酯化反应，主要是进一步将地沟油中的甘三酯转化为甲酯和甘油。

This novel catalyst was successfully used in the selective hydrogenation of halogenated aromatic nitro compounds.

作为加氢催化剂，Pd/CNTs对卤代硝基物的催化加氢表现出较高的催化性能，其加氢活性比P出C加氢催化剂高。

Reactive Red 195(RR 195) and C.I. Acid Black 234(AB 234) in the presence of H2O2. The catalytic function of Fe-AO-PAN on dye degradation was investigated with respect to decoloration percentage in this work.

活性红195(RR 195)和C.I。酸性黑234(AB 234)的光催化氧化降解反应中，考察了其对降解反应的催化作用。

The results show that the catalyst could catalyze the Heck reaction of substituted aryl halide with crylic acid, the yields were above 80%.

结果显示，CL-HA-Pd/Ni具有较快的反应速率和较高催化活性，可成功催化取代芳基卤与丙烯酸的Heck反应，产率在80%以上。

In the second part, the cross-coupling reaction of organoboronic acid witharyl halide catalyzed by Pd has been studied, and the 〓 catalyzedcross-coupling reaction in organic phase and the 〓-TPPTS catalyzed reac-tion in water phase have been investigated also.

结果表明，无论是有机相催化反应还是水相催化反应，都得到了很高的转化率和产率。该反应条件温和，并且硼试剂和亲电底物上可以带各种官能团，适用范围极宽，是一个极有应用价值的反应。

Determination of pyrogallol by Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Assay;2. Study on the Auto-oxidation of Pyrogallol by Electrochemistry;3. The kinetics of pyrogallol oxidation catalyzed by the complexes have been studied.

研究了以邻苯三酚为底物各配合物的多酚氧化酶活性，结果表明：4种配合物催化邻苯三酚氧化都符合米氏方程曲线，且催化活性都随pH值的升高而增加。

Generally thermal aged and chemical poisoning can lead to the deactivation.

然后对催化器的失效机理进行了分析，重点研究了催化器的热失效和化学中毒失效。

Because of its special structure, it has been considered to have potential applications in electrode materials, catalysis materials, magnetic materials and gas-sensing materials.

本文研究了过渡金属复合氧化物的制备及其在催化酯合成和废水处理中的应用，主要内容如下：制备了ZnMn_2O_4纳米催化剂，并将其应用于催化合成乙酸正丁酯。

Transition metal borides and inorganic boron-containing compounds, such as TiB〓, BN, B〓C and BP, are one of the most important groups for application in high-temperature performance, electronics and catalysts. Traditionally, they were prepared by high-temperature reactions; however, the products were beyond nanometer scale.

中文题名溶剂热合成硼化物及非金属含硼化合物纳米材料副题名外文题名论文作者谷云乐导师钱逸泰学科专业无机化学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中国科学技术大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数70页关键词纳米材料硼化物溶剂热合成馆藏号BSLW /2003 /O613 /6 硼化物、非金属含硼化合物功能材料（如硼化钛、氮化硼、碳化硼和磷化硼等）通常具有高硬度、高熔点、机械强度大、高温化学稳定性好等一系列优良性能，有些还具有奇异的光、电、磁、热学性能和催化活性，是一类最富潜力的非氧化物高温结构材料、电子材料和催化材料。

Herein, the research ideas of the present work, i.e., the clean syntheses of N-substituted carbamates from amines and alkyl carbamates are derived. Different catalytic systems are introduced, and their activities are also investigated at the same time.

由此确定了以小分子氨基甲酸烷基酯取代光气与有机胺合成N-取代氨基甲酸酯的研究方向，引入并考察了不同催化体系的催化活性。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！