催化的

The protonolysis of carbon-palladium bond with the assistance of bidentate nitrogen-containing ligands is the key step in this tandem reaction.

本论文立足于小组以前工作，以炔烃的乙酰氧钯化作为启动反应的方式，尝试发展Pd催化的反应和再生两价钯的新方法。

The noel use of boronic acids as solid support linkers as well as the translation of metal catalysed cross-coupling reactions to solid support synthesis has now been accomplished.

除了作为合成固体载体的金属催化的交叉偶联反应的过渡，boronic acids作为固体载体交联剂的新型应用已经实现。

Depending on what type of paint you're working on, traditional paints like lacquers and enamels, or catalyzed clear coats, Meguiar's has the products specifically designed to work on both types of paints, not to mention many other surfaces such as plastics and polyester resins (Fiberglas Gel-coats).

取决於你进行工作的漆面种类，传统漆层如亮光漆和瓷漆或经催化的透明涂层，美克拉的产品经过特别的设计可以使用在任何种类的漆面上，更别提其他像塑胶和聚酯树脂这类表面了

Ee were achieved in the Pd (0)-catalyzed asymmetric reaction of racemic 1, 3-dipheylprop-2-en-1-yl acetate with dimethyl malonate under the optimized reaction conditions.

在钯催化的乙酸1，3-二苯基烯丙基酯与丙二酸二甲酯的不对称反应中，取得了接近定量的收率和较好的对映选择性（71.2％ee）。

For the first time, enantiomers of C2-symmetric 1,1 -spirobiindane-7,7'-diol were resolved with crude menthyl chloroformate by phase-transfer catalysis in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide. The reaction was carried out at 0℃-rt. The diastereomers of SPINOL bis-menthyl carbonate can be separated by simple crystallization using alcohol. The hydrolysis of the diastereomers was carried out via aqueous NaOH/EtOH solution.

首次通过相转移催化的方法对螺双二氢茚二酚进行了有效的拆分，用L--氯甲酸薄荷醇酯做拆分剂，以四丁基溴化铵为催化剂在0℃-室温下进行酯化反应生成非对映体衍生物，以乙醇作溶剂，通过重结晶的方法分离衍生物，在水-乙醇混合溶剂条件下，用强碱NaOH或KOH分别水解，制得相应的光学纯度大于99%ee的两个异构体SPINOL，其中总收率：--SPINOL，78.2%；--SPINOL，80.6%。

The osmium-catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation of olefins provides one of the most effective methods for the preparation of vicinal diols. Almost all kinds of olefinic substrates can be transformed to the corresponding diols by means of AD reaction. The chiral osmium catalyst is generated in situ by the chiral ligand complexing with OsO〓 in the reaction.

手性锇催化剂催化的烯烃不对称二羟基化反应是合成手性邻二醇最有效的途径之一，可以将几乎所有类型的烯烃转变成相应的手性邻二醇，因此广泛地应用于药物、天然产物以及精细化工产品的合成。

Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of organoboron with organic electrophiles has been recognized as one of the most important carbon-carbon bond building reactions.

钯催化的有机硼试剂与有机亲电试剂的Suzuki-Miyaura 交叉偶联反应是构建碳一碳键的最重要的反应之一。

The 91% ee value was obtained by the pinacol coupling reaction catalyzed by 15mol% Schiff-base prepared by the chiral 1, 2-Diphenyethylenediamine and 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde.

2由手性1，2-二苯基二胺与两分子2-吡啶醛缩合的Schiff-Base催化的Pinacol偶联反应，仅用15mmol％的量，可取得91％的ee值，这是不对称Pinacol偶联反应最好的结果之一。

Novel rod like phenylene thiophene based polyhydroxy amphiphiles, derivatives of gallic acid combining three hydrophilic 2,3-dihydroxypropyloxy groups and one alkyl chain via central aromatic linking units, have been synthesized by using Ni, Pd(0) catalyzed coupling reaction as key steps.

以Ni， Pd (0)催化的C-C偶合反应为关键步骤合成了基于苯联噻吩的棒状型多羟基两亲性分子，它们是以棒状芳香核为中心部分，一端带三重亲水的2，3-二羟基链，另一端为带一条烷基链的没食子酸衍生物。

In the last part we first synthesized the propargylic amines though several methods and then developed a new methodology for the synthesis of -α-chloroalkylidene-β-lactams via the catalysis of PdCl〓 with CuCl〓 and BQ with moderate to good yields and good generality.

论文的第三部分工作是我们首先通过几种方法合成了炔丙基胺化合物，接着对PdCl〓催化的炔丙基胺的羰基插入环化反应进行了研究，以中等收率得到-α-氯代亚烷基-β-内酰胺化合物，反应的普适性良好。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。