催化剂

Catalyst 70, catalyst 80, stannous caprylate were compared based on the impact of different catalyst on surface drying time of gel system.

毕业论文字数：3654 页数：7）摘要：实验选用催化剂W70、催化剂W80、辛酸亚锡，比较不同催化剂种类对硅凝胶表干时间的影响，得到合适的催化剂种类和用量。

To be different from the already chloromethylation catalyst, it has a certain amount of moisture wet, which will not produce huge amounts of doughtic cancerogenic chloromethyl methyl ether during and after the reaction.4,4\'-bisbiphenyl, 1,4-bisbenzene, 1,4-bis(chloro- methyl)-2,5-dimethylbenzene, 1,5-bis-2,4-dimethylbenzene, 4-(chlor- omethyl)-1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,2-bis-4,5-dimethylbenzene, 5,8-bis-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, 3,3\',5-tris-4,4\'-bisbiphenyl and 3,3\', 5,5\'-tetrakis-4,4\'-bisbiphenyl were synth- esized by using this new catalyst. Results indicated that when the reaction temperature was 55～60℃, the reaction time was 12h, the catalyst which consists of the concentration of 80%H_2SO_4, HAc and Lewis acid, the amount of Lewis acid 0.15 mol(nLewis:nbiphenyl=1.5:1), yield of biphenyl chloromethylation product 4,4\'-bis(chrolomethylbiphenyl can reach a maximum 85%.

采用这种催化体系完成了4，4′-二氯甲基联苯、对二氯甲基苯、1，4-二氯甲基-2，5-二甲基苯、1，5-二氯甲基-2，4-二甲基苯、4-氯甲基-1，2-二甲基苯、1，2-二氯甲基-4，5-二甲基苯、5，8-二氯甲基-四氢萘、3，3'，5-三氯甲基-4，4'-二甲基苯和3，3'，5，5'-四氯甲基-4，4'-二甲基苯的合成，结果表明：在反应条件为：反应温度55～60℃，反应时间12h，选择80%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.15mol(和原料比为1.5：1)，反应效果最好，联苯氯甲基化产物(4，4′-二氯甲基联苯)收率为85%；在反应条件为：反应温度70℃，反应时间8h，80%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，苯的氯甲基化产物收(来源：ABd0C论文eded网www.abclunwen.com)率为75%；在反应条件为：在反应条件为：反应温度40℃，反应时间10h，60%H_2SO_4和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，对二甲苯氯甲基化产物(1，4-二氯甲基-2，5-二甲基苯)收率为78.5%；在反应条件为：反应温度35℃，反应时间10h，60%H_2SO_4、冰醋酸和Lewis酸为催化剂，反应最佳反应Lewis酸用量是0.1mol(和原料比为1：1)时，反应效果最好，间二甲苯氯甲基化产物(1，5-二氯甲基-2，4-二甲基苯)收率为81.5%。

In this paper, the applications of the environmental friendly solid acid catalysts for esterification were studied and the activities of these catalysts were discussed, by which the solid acid ferric sulfate x-hydrate was used first as catalyst in the synthesis of dimethyl fumarate and ethyl chloroacetate and solid super acid SO42-/Fe2O3 was used first as catalyst in the synthesis of ethyl p-nitrobenzoate.

本文研究了对环境友好的固体酸催化剂在酯化反应中的应用，首次以固体酸Fe_2(SO_4)_3·xH_2O为催化剂合成了新型防霉剂富马酸二甲酯和化工原料氯乙酸乙酯，以固体超强酸5O_4~(2-)／Fe_2O_3为催化剂合成了医药中间体对硝基苯甲酸乙酯，并探讨了这些催化剂的催化活性。

The intermediate decyl-glycidol ether of Gemini phosphate surfactant was synthesized with decanol and epichlorohydrin in the presence of phase-transfer catalyst; the intermediate decyl digomeric glycol of Gemini phosphate surfactant was prepared by opening ring reaction of decyl glycide ether and glycol in the presence of potassium as catalyst; and the influence of type and dosage of phase-transfer catalysts was studied.

以正癸醇与环氧氯丙烷为原料在相转移催化剂存在的条件下合成Gemini磷酸酯表面活性剂的中间体I-正癸基缩水甘油醚，讨论催化剂种类及用量对反应的影响；以乙二醇和正癸基缩水甘油醚为原料，金属钾为催化剂合成Gemini磷酸酯表面活性剂的中间体Ⅱ-正癸基低聚二醇，讨论催化剂种类与用量对反应的影响；以P2O5与正癸基低聚二醇为原料合成Gemini磷酸酯表面活性剂，讨论投料比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对反应的影响。

The disubstituted ureas and the catalyst could be separated by addition of water and the catalyst could be reused without deactivation.

新型高效的菲咯啉钯-离子液体含氮化合物羰化催化剂体系，以苯胺为反应物时该体系的转化频率可以达到6000mol/mol/h；氢氧化铯-离子液体催化剂体系，可以在不加入化学计量脱水剂的条件下活化二氧化碳与脂肪族胺反应得到二取代脲，反应结束后可以通过加入水实现产品和催化剂体系的分离，催化剂体系可以重复使用。

This article studies the synthesis of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether using various calcium carboxylates and calcium laurate as catalyst.

研究了以不同的羧酸钙和月桂醇钙为催化剂的月桂醇聚氯乙烯醚A_(12POE的合成，并研究了以上述钙化合物为主催化剂的复合催化剂中一些酸性助催化剂对反应的影响。

Secondly, the silver based catalysts modified by phosphorus, zirconium, zinc, potassium and so on using molecular sieve as carrier, which were produced by ion-exchange method, had also good catalytic performance for 1,2-propane glycol oxidation to methylglyoxal. The conversion of 1,2-propane glycol and the selectivity of methylglyoxal were both high, and the impurity such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the product is little. At the condition of the temperature 300 ℃, the molar ratio of oxygen to 1,2-propane glycol 1.7:1, the space velocity 6000h~(-1), and the concentration of 1,2-propane glycol 70wt%, the conversion of 1,2-propane glycol is 90% and the selectivity of methylglyoxal is 45% on the Ag-P catalyst.

其次对采用离子交换法制备的负载在分子筛上的银系催化剂进行了研究，发现此催化剂在助催化剂磷、锆、锌、钾等的作用下对丙二醇的低温氧化脱氢具有很高的活性，可以得到较好的丙酮醛的收率，并且产物中的甲醛、乙醛副产物的量比较低；经过对Ag-P催化剂上反应条件的考察，发现当温度为300℃、氧醇比1.7：1、空速6000h~(-1)、丙二醇浓度为70wt%时，丙二醇的转化率为90%，丙酮醛的选择性为45%。

A catalyst composition for the polymerization of propylene comprising one or more Ziegler-Natta procatalyst compositions comprising one or more transition metal compounds and one or more esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acid internal electron donors; one or more aluminum containing cocatalysts; and a mixture of two or more different selectivity control agents, said SCA mixture comprising from 1 to 99 percent of one or more esters of one or more aromatic monocarboxylic acids or substituted derivatives thereof, and from 99 to 1 percent of one or more alkoxysilane compounds.

一种用于丙烯聚合的催化剂组合物，包括：一种或多种齐格勒-纳塔主催化剂组合物，该齐格勒-纳塔主催化剂组合物包括一种或多种过渡金属化合物和一种或多种芳族二羧酸酯内部电子给体；一种或多种包含铝的辅催化剂；和两种或更多种不同的选择性控制剂的混合物，所述SCA混合物包括1到99％的一种或多种芳族单羧酸的一种或多种酯或其取代衍生物、和99到1％的一种或多种烷氧基硅烷化合物。

Effects of the pretreatment of catalysis, reaction temperature, the ratio of the reactants, the substrate-catalyst ratio and the content of the promoter on the reaction properties of NaK catalysts has been studied in a wide range.

本实验用超声波技术激活金属钾钠合金低共熔物催化剂，考察了催化剂预处理，反应温度，原料配比，催化剂用量以及加入助剂用量等因素对钾钠液态低共熔物催化剂上邻二甲苯与1，3-丁二烯合成OTP反应转化率的影响。

HC-402-2 Homogeneous catalyst for benzene hydrogenation is improved through removing water from the catalyst and reducing the content of emulsified material in nickelous isooctanoic acid cyclohexane liquor.

HC - 40 2 - 2型苯加氢均相催化剂经过改进，去除催化剂中的水份，降低异辛酸镍环己烷溶液中乳化物含量后，在保持加氢效果不变的前提下，大幅度提高了催化剂的抗水性能、延长了催化剂的使用寿命。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。